Тема 1. Вводно-фонетический курс Английский алфавит
Печатные |
Рукописные |
Печатные |
Рукописные |
||
буквы |
|
буквы |
буквы |
|
буквы |
Aa |
Aa |
[ ei ] |
Nn |
Nn |
[ en ] |
Bb |
Bb |
[bi:] |
Oo |
Oo |
[ou] |
Cc |
Cc |
[si:] |
Pp |
Pp |
[pi:] |
Dd |
Dd |
[di:] |
[kju:] |
||
Ee |
Ee |
[i:] |
Rr |
Rr |
[a:] |
Ff |
Ff |
[ef] |
Ss |
Ss |
[es] |
Gg |
Gg |
[dзi:] |
Tt |
Tt |
[ti] |
Hh |
Hh |
[eit∫] |
Uu |
Uu |
[ju:] |
Ii |
Ii |
[ai] |
Vv |
Vv |
[vi] |
Jj |
Jj |
[dзei] |
Ww |
Ww |
[`dΛblju:] |
Kk |
Kk |
[kei] |
Xx |
Xx |
[eks] |
Ll |
Ll |
[el] |
Yy |
Yy |
[wai] |
Mm |
Mm |
[em] |
Zz |
Zz |
[zed] |
Сводная таблица чтения согласных
Буква и |
Звук |
Положение |
Примеры |
буквосочетание |
в слове |
||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
b |
[b] |
|
bus, but, about, better, butter, by, book, |
|
|
|
bed, bag, bad |
bt |
[t] |
на конце слова |
debt, doubt |
|
[s] |
перед е, i, у |
face, city, cinema, cycle, since, ice, space, |
|
|
|
centre |
с[k] в остальных случаях cap, cat, cut, cry, copy, capital, come, close,
|
|
|
clock |
|
[∫] |
перед безударной |
ocean, social, special, musician, ancient, |
|
|
гласной |
racial |
cc |
[ks] |
перед е, i, у |
accept, success, accent, accident |
|
[k] |
в остальных случаях occur, accord, accomplish, accumulate, |
|
|
|
|
occupy, occasion |
ch |
|
|
chess, rich, cheese, chop, much, match, |
tch |
[t∫] |
|
kitchen, watch, catch |
|
|
|
|
ch |
[k] |
в словах греческого |
school, architect, chemistry, character, ar- |
|
|
происхождения |
chiology, technical |
|
[∫] |
всловахфранцузско- |
machine, machinery, machinist |
|
|
гопроисхождения |
|
ck |
[k] |
|
black, sick, back, pack, neck, check |
d |
[d] |
|
date, made, end, decide, old |
|
[-] |
перед согласными |
grandmother, handsome, handkerchief |
4
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
dg |
[dз] |
|
bridge, knowledge, judge, sledge |
f |
[f] |
|
five, if, finish, face, family |
ften |
[fn] |
|
often, soften |
g |
[dз] |
перед е, i, у |
page, change, gymnasium, stage |
|
[g] |
в остальных случаях |
go, get, green, grey, grow |
gh |
[-] |
после аu, оu |
weight, eight, bought, brought, fought, |
|
|
и перед t |
daughter |
|
[f] |
после аu, оu |
laugh, enough, cough |
gn |
[n] |
в начале и в конце |
foreign, sign, campaign |
|
|
слова |
|
h |
[h] |
|
he, his, here, have, home, hundred |
|
[-] |
в начале и середине |
hour, honour, honest, exhibition |
|
|
некоторых слов |
|
j |
[dз] |
|
just, major, object, subject |
k |
[k] |
|
kill, keep, Mike, kitchen, like |
kn |
[n] |
в начале слова |
know, knee, knife, knock |
l |
[1] |
|
lake, late, light, listen, leg |
|
[-] |
в сочетаниях aim, |
talk, calm, half, chalk |
|
|
alf, alk |
|
m |
[m] |
|
miss, meal, seem, team, home |
mb |
[m] |
в конце слова |
climb, bomb |
mn |
|
|
autumn, column |
n |
[n] |
|
never, number, nobody, next, notice |
ng |
[ŋ] |
в конце слова |
sing, song, interesting, thing |
nk |
[ŋk] |
|
drink, bank, ink, tank, thank |
p |
[p] |
|
pen, pencil, pupil, publish, top |
ph |
[f] |
в словах греческого |
phone, physics, philosophy, philologist, |
|
|
происхождения |
symphony, phase |
qu |
[kw] |
|
queen, question, quick, quite, queue |
|
[k] |
в словах |
|
|
|
французского |
unique, technique |
|
|
происхождения |
|
r |
[r] |
|
red, ready, rain, sorry, mirror, trip |
s |
[s] |
в начале слова |
see, sea, son, sun, stand, stop, maps, cats, |
|
|
и после глухих |
books, hats, caps |
|
|
согласных |
|
|
Но: [∫] |
|
sugar, sure |
|
[z] |
после звонких |
pens, bags, days, girls, boys |
|
|
согласныхигласных |
|
|
|
между гласными |
these, cheese, please, nose, rose |
ss |
[s] |
|
class, pass, success, kiss, miss |
|
[∫] |
перед безударными |
Russian, Belarussian |
|
|
ia, io |
|
5