On smuggling
In accordance with the Customs Regulations one of the main duties of the Customs officer is to prevent traffic of smuggling. Smuggled goods can enter the country together with passengers, cargo, or with means of conveyance.
The unlawful bringing in or taking out of the country of such articles as currency, bonds, jewelleries, precious metals and stones, antiques, explosives(взрывчатые вещ-ва), drugs, weapons, firearms and ammunition, etc., is considered smuggling (contraband).
In some cases the above articles carried in/out are declared, but the value and/or the number or the description of the articles are stated false. Such actions are also considered illegal.
Storage and/or sale of smuggled articles on the territory of the country is forbidden by law.
A person who is found guilty of smuggling may be taken to Court and either punished by a fine or jailed. Smuggled articles are seized (confiscated).
The methods of smuggling are becoming more and more sophisticated, so the Customs Service has to develop more effective ways of detecting contraband, but there is no substitute for a well-trained and experienced Customs officer.
The Customs officer is entitled to rummage every piece of baggage, and if he has a reason to believe that the person is carrying about himself objects liable to confiscation he may even search the person. The search can be made only with the permit of the Customs Office Chief. The search is carried out in the presence of two witnesses and a list of all things seized is to be made. The protocol of the search is to be signed by the officer-in-charge, two witnesses and the person accused.
The person accused has the right to appeal within ten days.
The decision of the Court is final and binding.
Работа над текстом
Упражнение 1. Прочтите текст, пользуясь словарем.
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы.
What is one of the main duties of the Customs officer? one of the main duties of the Customs officer is to prevent traffic of smuggling.
In what ways can smuggled goods enter the country?
Smuggled goods can enter the country together with passengers, cargo, or with means of conveyance.
What articles are considered smuggled? The unlawful bringing in or taking out of the country of such articles as currency, bonds, jewelleries, precious metals and stones, antiques, explosives, drugs, weapons, firearms and ammunition, etc., is considered smuggling (contraband).
What actions are regarded as smuggling? Storage and/or sale of smuggled articles on the territory of the country is forbidden by law.
In what ways are people punished for smuggling? A person who is found guilty of smuggling may be taken to Court and either punished by a fine or jailed. Smuggled articles are seized (confiscated).
In what cases can a personal search be made? The methods of smuggling are becoming more and more sophisticated, so the Customs Service has to develop more effective ways of detecting contraband, but there is no substitute for a well-trained and experienced Customs officer.
What document is to be made as the result of the search?
Who is to sign it? The protocol of the search is to be signed by the officer-in-charge, two witnesses and the person accused.
What rights does the person accused have? The person accused has the right to appeal within ten days.
Упражнение 3. С какими словами и словосочетаниями в правой колонке употреблялись в тексте глаголы в левой колонке?
1) to prevent е) a) false
2) to consider с) b) by law
3) to declare f) c) smuggling
4) to state а) d) guilty
5) to forbid b) e) traffic of smuggling
6) to be found d) f) articles
7) to be punished h) g) effective ways
8) to develop g) h) by a fine
9) to detect k) i) to rummage
10) to be entitled i) j) confiscation
11) to be liable to j) k) cases of contraband
12) to make l) l) a search
Упражнение 4. Дополните следующие предложения словами из списка:
substitute,
1.Smuggled goods can _____ enter,
___ the country together with passengers, cargo or with a means of conveyance.
2.In some cases the above articles carried in/out are declared, but the value and/or the number or the description of the articles are stated ____ false,____.
Such actions are also considered ___ illegal _____.
The Customs Service has to develop more effective ways of _ detecting _______ contraband.
There is no ___ substitute,
_____ for a well-trained and __ experienced ______ Customs officer.
If the person is carrying about himself objects __ liable ______ to confiscation, he may be searched.
A ____ list ____ of all things seized is to be made.
Упражнение 5. Переведите следующие предложения с русского языка на английский.
Одной из важнейших обязанностей таможенника является предотвращение провоза контрабанды.
Незаконный ввоз и вывоз валюты, ценных бумаг, ювелирных изделий, антикварных вещей и т.д. рассматривается как контрабанда.
The
Предметы, сокрытые от таможенного контроля, считаются контрабандой и могут быть конфискованы.
Лицо, нарушившее таможенные правила, подлежит наказанию в соответствии с законом.
Таможенный инспектор может произвести личный досмотр, если у него есть основание полагать, что пассажир имеет при себе предметы, подлежащие изъятию.
Личный досмотр производится с разрешения начальника таможни и в присутствии двух понятых.
Протокол личного досмотра подписывается инспектором, понятыми и досматриваемым лицом.
В случае конфискации вещей или ценностей составляется протокол задержания предметов контрабанды, который подписывается обвиняемым.
Решение суда является окончательным и обжалованию не подлежит.
1. One of the most important duties of customs is to prevent smuggling.
2. Illegal import and export of currency, securities, jewelry, antiques, etc. regarded as contraband.
3. Items hidden from customs control, are considered contraband and may be confiscated.
4. A person who has violated customs regulations, shall be punished according to law.
5. Customs inspector may make a personal inspection if it has reason to believe that the passenger is in possession of items to be seized.
6. Personal inspection is made with the permission of the customs and in the presence of two witnesses.
7. Protocol of inspection signed by the inspector, witnesses and inspected person.
8. In the case of confiscation of things or values, a protocol of detention of contraband, which is signed by the defendant.
9. The court's decision is final and not appealable.
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
Упражнение 1. Вставьте предлоги.
the…accordance of… the Customs Regulations one for the main duties of… the Customs officer is to prevent traffic … smuggling.
The unlawful bringing … or taking it… in… the country …are such articles as currency, bonds, jewelleries, precious metals and stones, antiques, explosives, drugs, weapons, firearms and ammunition, etc., is considered smuggling.
Storage and/or sale …are smuggled articles for… the territory in… the country is forbidden by… law.
A person who is found guilty for… smuggling may be punished by… a fine.
A passenger who has things liable …to duty is to declare them.
The search can be made only with… the permit of the Customs Office Chief.
The search is carried out by… the presence and… two witnesses.
The protocol of… the search is to be signed by… the person accused.
Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в соответствующей форме.
The smuggling of drugs has (increased) greatly in recent years and (became) a world problem.
Most smugglers have only one object: to make money, but there are several ways of doing this. The biggest profits can be (made) by smuggling stolen goods into the country and by smuggling drugs and other articles that (are not allowed) at all.
There is no international Customs force, but Customs men in different countries ( supply) one another with helpful information.
The drug smuggler (travels) from country to country and all Customs men (want) very much to catch him or her red-handed (c поличным).
Упражнение 3. Используя следующие выражения, составьте предложения, выражающие:
а) вопрос; Do you have a dog?
б) разрешение; I allow you to take my pen
в) запрет; I forbid you to go for a walk
г) сомнение; I am not sure, that you tell me the truth
д) предположение; Probably? We can meet tomorrow? Maybe? I would suggest…
е) просьбу; Could you help me? I ask you to help me with my homework
To board the aircraft, to enter the Customs zone, to pass through the Green Channel, to get a permit for export, to start loading, to exchange currency, to sign the declaration, to pay the duty, to give instructions, to clear the cargo.
Упражнение 4. Вставьте в пропуски глаголы сan, could, may, might, to be able to ,to be allowed to.
I _couldn’t_ attend the meeting yesterday, because I was ill.
_Could_ you show me your passport?
In 3 months this dog __will able to___ detect drugs and explosives.
____Might_ she still be arguing with the customs inspector? I saw her talking to him an hour ago!
The director _can____ be in his office now but I doubt it.
You ____are not allowed to_ bring these items into the country. They are prohibited by law.
The professor says we can use dictionaries at the exam while translating the articles.
That passenger is so nervous! He _might____ be concealing something from customs control.
They _could__ be examining the containers. Look! It’s raining.
When I worked аt the customs I _was able to____ seize contraband every day.
I have explained the rules to her twice. She _might_ have failed to understand them.
When I was leaving the country I was allowed_ to take this picture with me.
I think the government __might__ introduce new tariffs on import cars soon.
They were able to ? have cleared all the cargo! They have just started!
Well, he could_ have smuggled drugs into the country, but I don’t believe it. We’ve got a very effective Customs Service.
Упражнение5.Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, употребляя модальные глаголы can, could, may, might, to be able to, to be allowed to.
Heужели она все еще спорит с экспертом?
Может быть, фирма заплатит все таможенные пошлины вовремя.
Таможенник сможет помочь вам заполнить декларацию, если вы его попросите.
Может ли быть, что он ждет их в зале прилета?
Возможно, этот пассажир скрывает что-то в своем багаже.
Вы не могли бы объяснить мне эти правила еще раз?
Эти предметы нельзя ввозить в страну. Это запрещено.
Товар, возможно, повредили при разгрузке.
Почему вы не могли представить все документы вовремя?
Нельзя нарушать таможенные правила. Вы можете быть оштрафованы или привлечены к уголовной ответственности.
После курса дрессировки эта собака сможет обнаруживать наркотики и взрывчатые вещества.
Возможно, он уже уехал из офиса, хотя вряд ли. Он всегда задерживается почти на два часа.
Не может быть, чтобы он взял с собой собаку. У нее нет прививок (Она не была привита).
Они, возможно, ничего не знают о планах правительства изменить ставки таможенных пошлин на эти товары.
Мне не разрешили взять с собой скрипку, так как у меня не было
1 Did( Might) she really still arguing with an expert?
2. Maybe the company will be able to pay all customs duties on time.
3. The Customs officer can help you to fill in the declaration, if you ask him.
4. Could it be that he is waiting for them at the arrival hall?
5. Perhaps this passenger might be hiding something in his luggage.
6. Could you explain me all these rules again?
7. These items are not allowed to be imported into the country. It is prohibited.(forebidden)
8. This product might be damaged during unloading.
9. Why could not you provide all the documents in time?
10. It’s not allowed to violate the customs regulations. You can be fined or prosecuted.
11. After a course of training the dog will be able to detect drugs and explosives.
12. Perhaps he might had already left the office, but it is unlikely. He is always delayed by almost two hours.
13. It couldn’t be that he took a dog with him. It has no shots (She was not vaccinated).
14. They could know nothing about the government's plans to change the rates of customs duties on these goods.
15. I was not allowed to take a violin, because I did not have
Glossary
|
аdvocate (n) |
защитник, адвокат |
|
college of advocates |
коллегия адвокатов |
|
attorney (n) |
адвокат, поверенный |
|
authenticity (n) |
подлинность, достоверность |
|
case (n) |
дело |
|
to resolve a case syn. to decide a case |
принимать решение по делу |
|
to certify (v) |
заверять, удостоверять |
|
to counsel (a client) (v) |
советовать, консультировать |
|
crime (n) |
преступление |
|
to commit a crime |
совершить преступление |
|
deal (n) |
сделка, соглашение |
|
to defend (v) |
защищать |
|
defendant (n) |
ответчик, обвиняемый, подсудимый |
|
dispute (n) |
спор |
|
to resolve a dispute |
принимать решение по спору |
|
draft (n) |
проект |
|
to draft (v) |
составить проект |
|
to employ (v) |
нанять на работу |
|
enterprise (n) |
предприятие |
|
evidence (n) |
доказательство,свидетельские показания, улика |
|
to give evidence syn. to present, to provide |
давать показания, предоставлять улики, доказательства |
|
expertise (n) |
профессиональная компетенция, знание дела, компетенция |
|
to provide expertise |
давать заключение, экспертную оценку |
|
in-house counsel (n) |
юрисконсульт, штатный юрист |
|
judge (n) |
судья |
|
judgment (n) |
приговор, решение суда |
|
to give judgment |
выносить решение по делу |
|
juridical (adj) |
юридический,правовой,судебный судейский
|
|
jury (n) |
присяжные |
|
to direct the jury syn. to instruct the jury |
давать наставление, инструкцию присяжным |
|
justice (n) |
правосудие, справедливость |
|
to administer justice |
отправлять правосудие |
|
litigation (n) |
тяжба судебного спора |
|
civil litigation |
гражданский судебный спор |
|
law (n) |
закон, право |
|
civil law |
гражданское право, римское право |
|
common law |
англосаксонское право |
|
Administrative Law |
административное право |
|
Contract Law |
контрактное право |
|
Employment Law |
трудовое право |
|
Insurance Law |
страховое право |
|
International Law |
международное право |
|
Tax Law and Taxation |
налоговое право |
|
lawsuit (n) |
судебное дело, иск |
|
to file a lawsuit |
возбуждать судебное дело, предъявлять иск |
|
to initiate (v) |
начинать, инициировать |
|
to initiate a criminal case |
начинать уголовное дело |
|
negotiation (n) |
переговоры |
|
notary (n) |
нотариус |
|
plaintiff (n) |
истец |
|
practice (n) |
практика, обычай |
|
to preside (v) |
председательствовать |
|
to preside in a court |
председательствовать в суде |
|
to preside at trials |
председательствовать на судебных процессах |
|
prosecutor (n) |
прокурор, обвинитель |
|
proceedings (n) |
рассмотрение дела в суде, судебное разбирательство |
|
criminal proceedings |
уголовное преследование, уголовное дело |
|
to conduct criminal proceedings |
проводить уголовное преследование, вести уголовное дело |
|
to render (v) |
представлять, предоставлять |
|
to represent (v) |
представлять, сообщать, заявлять |
|
research |
исследование,научно-исследовательская работа |
|
trial (n) |
судебное разбирательство, судебный процесс |
|
will (n) |
завещание |
|
to witness (a document) (v) |
подписывать в качестве свидетеля |
|
to witness (an official act) |
заверить подписанный документ |
Glossary
|
antiques (n) |
антиквариат, предметы старины |
|
antiquity (n) |
древность |
|
to appeal (v) |
апеллировать, подавать апелляцию |
|
attempt (n) |
попытка |
|
binding (adj) |
обязательный, не подлежащий обжалованию |
|
court (n) |
суд |
|
to detect (v) |
обнаруживать |
|
detection (n) |
обнаружение |
|
to be entitled syn. to be authorized, to have the right |
иметь право, быть уполномоченным |
|
explosives (n) |
взрывчатые вещества |
|
fine (n) syn. penalty |
штраф |
|
to impose a fine on smb. |
оштрафовать кого-либо |
|
guilty (adj) |
виновный, преступный |
|
to find smb. guilty |
обвинить кого-либо |
|
to be guilty of smth. |
быть виновным в |
|
means of conveyance |
транспортное средство |
|
permit (n) |
разрешение |
|
to issue a permit |
выдать разрешение |
|
to punish (v) |
наказывать |
|
punishment (n) |
наказание |
|
to rummage (about, in) (v) |
искать, обыскивать |
|
rummage (n) |
обыск, поиск, досмотр |
|
search (n) |
обыск, досмотр |
|
personal search |
личный досмотр |
|
to seize (v) syn. to confiscate, to forfeit |
изымать, задерживать, конфисковать |
|
seizure (n); syn. confiscation |
конфискация, задержание, изъятие |
|
substitute (n) |
замена |
|
to substitute for smb. |
замещать, заменять кого-либо |
|
value (n) |
ценность, стоимость, цена |
|
to be of no value |
не представлять ценности |
|
to be of high (little) value |
представлять большую, (небольшую) ценность |
|
weapon (n) |
оружие |
|
witness (n) |
свидетель, понятой |
|
to witness (v) |
быть свидетелем |