- •Т. А. Бойцова, а. В. Соснин
- •© Т.А. Бойцова, а.В. Соснин, 2012
- •Part II English Punctuation
- •Capitalization.................................................................................................44 Part III Structural Aspects of Writing
- •Part IV Some Notes on Style
- •Using Jargon Appropriately.........................................................................88
- •What kind of skill is writing ?
- •Exercises
- •Insert the missing letters for [f]:
- •The Phoneme [k] – (c, k, ck, ch, qu(e))
- •Exercises
- •Insert the missing letters for [k]:
- •Exercises
- •Insert the missing letters: (tch, ch, t)
- •The Phoneme [g] – (g, dg(e), j)
- •Exercises
- •Insert the missing letters:
- •The Reduplication of Consonants
- •Exercises
- •Insert the missing letters:
- •Insert the missing letters for the sounds given in brackets:
- •The Final Letter “y”
- •Exercises
- •Insert the missing letters “y” or “I”:
- •The Mute Final “e” The mute Final “e” and its Functions
- •Exercises
- •Insert the letter “e”where necessary:
- •Affixation (Prefixation and Suffixation)
- •I. Prefixation
- •Negative prefixes
- •Exercises
- •II. Suffixation
- •The Suffix -tion, -sion
- •To scan – scansion
- •Write corresponding nouns from the following verbs by adding the suffixes -tion, -sion:
- •Exercises
- •Insert the missing letters “a” or “e”:
- •The Suffixes -able, -ible
- •Guiding Principles
- •If the stem ends in [s] -c or [d] -g, the final mute letter “e” is retained before -able:
- •Exercises
- •The Suffix -ous (-ious, -eous, -uous)
- •Study and Memorize the Following List
- •Exercises
- •Insert e or I :
- •Insert the proper vowel wherever necessary:
- •General Review
- •Part II English Punctuation Punctuation marks
- •Exercises
- •Apostrophe
- •Quotation Marks
- •Punctuation of Compound and Complex Sentences Comma and Semicolon
- •Capitalization
- •Exercises
- •Part III structural aspects of writing paragraph
- •2. A) Read the following passage.
- •Description
- •Technical description a Sitting Room
- •Description of a place or scene (Suggestive Description)
- •1. A) Read the above passage carefully paying attention to the choice of the
- •Vocabulary.
- •Character Sketch
- •Description of an Old Man
- •1. Study the passage below and describe the impression Charles Strickland produced on the author at their first meeting.
- •4. Write a descriptive sketch of a) your relative; b) an interesting person whom you know. Summary
- •How to Avoid Foolish Opinions
- •2. Study the following article carefully and make an outline of its essential points. Modern Constitutions
- •3. Consider a summary of this article written in Russian. Does it cover all the key points of the article? Write a summary in English.
- •Words and Phrases to Use in a Résumé
- •1. Make a résumé of the article below. The following questions might help you:
- •How to find true love Or, Rather, How It Finds You
- •Composition and essay
- •Technical / scientific essay
- •Important Development Projects in Russia: their Impact on the Area and People’s Lives. The Shtokman Gas Field – Thinking the Unthinkable
- •References
- •Part IV some notes on style active or passive voice ?
- •Avoiding male-only pronouns
- •Writing With Finesse
- •Suggestions on self-assessment
- •Supplement Words Frequently Misspelt
- •Wednesday
- •Word List For Special Study
- •References
- •Татьяна Алексеевна Бойцова
Exercises
Insert the missing letters “a” or “e”:
an impud_nt rascal
turbul_nt passions
compet_nt knowledge
some new inhabit_nts
a convales_nt hospital
an appli_nce for opening tins
a dilig_nt student
an effici_nt secretary
a confid_nt smile
a clear utter_nce
1. There is a dist_nt reseml_nce between the cousins. 2. There is a want of confid_nce in their government. 3. No admit_nce except on business. 4. At the confer_nce I met some old acquaint_nces of mine. 5. I was ignor_nt of one import_nt circumst_nce. 6. The perform_nce will begin at eight and the audi_nce will retire at ten. 7. The lady was dressed with eleg_nce and her appea_nce was all that could be desired. 8. I keep my refer_nce books near my desk for conveni_nce.
Find words related to the verbs given below and use them in sentences of your own:
resist, enter, reassure, annoy, signify, inherit, repent, abound, tolerate, forbear.
The Suffixes -able, -ible
The suffixes -able/-ible are Latin in origin. They came through French and are active in Modern English. They are added mainly to verbs to from adjectives, and sometimes to nouns or even phrases. Among them there are many adjectives borrowed from Latin or French:
audible, edible
Guiding Principles
Use -able if:
the stem is a full word:
break/able
notice/able
fashion/able
pass/able
the stem is a full word lacking the mute “e”:
ador/able – adore
lik/able – like
advis/able - advise
endur/able - endure
the stem ends in “i” (the initial form usually has “y” at the end):
envi/able – envy
piti/able – pity
reli/able - rely
classify/able - classify
the stem ends in [k] -c or [g] -g
|
practic/able |
amic/able |
applic/able |
navig/able |
If the stem ends in [s] -c or [d] -g, the final mute letter “e” is retained before -able:
|
notice/able – notice |
service/able – service |
|
peace/able – peace |
change/able – change |
there is a corresponding noun in -ation:
separ/able – separation
imagin/able – imagination
admir/able – admiration
irrit/able – irritation
Use -ible if:
the stem is not a full word:
aud/ible
vis/ible
horr/ible
Exceptions:
connect/ible
irresist/ible
perfect/ible
express/ible
flex/ible
impress/ible
access/ible
resist/ible
the stem ends in -ns [ns] or -miss [mIs]:
sens/ible
admiss/ible
comprehens/ible
respons/ible
dismiss/ible
transmiss/ible
the stem ends in -c [s] or -g [G]:
|
forc/ible |
produc/ible |
illeg/ible |
|
convinc/ible |
reduc/ible |
intang/ible |
Note: If the root word ends in “e”, as in “force”, the “e” is dropped before -ible.
the word has the corresponding form in -ion:
|
permiss/ible – permission |
collect/ible – collection |
|
access/ible – accession |
perfect/ible – perfection |