1 курс 2 семестр

Занятие № 1.

1. Тема: «The Diseases of Respiratory Tract»

2. Значение изучения темы – тема подготавливает студентов к самостоятельному чтению и пониманию оригинальной медицинской литературы и к устному

обучающийся должен уметь читать с целью извлечения детальной информации, иметь навыки поискового чтения.

4. План изучения темы:

4.1. Исходный контроль знаний.

Предварительный контроль знаний. Фронтальный опрос - слова, тестирование - диктант, индивидуальный устный опрос.

4.2.Изучение нового материала.

Введение (закрепление) нового материала:

-лексического - упр. 4,5 стр.180 -ознакомительное чтение Text В стр. 135 (историческая справка)

-поисковое чтение Text С стр. 180 «Pulmonary Tuberculosis - Clinical Picture».

-ознакомительное чтение (см. текст в приложении №1)

5.Основные понятия и положения темы:

Тема: «Pulmonary Tuberculosis - Clinical Picture».

Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium tyberculosis. In the early stage of tuberculosis the patient usually complains of a general malaise fatique, loss of appetite and bodyweight. Cough may be dry or productive. Sputum is muca purulent. Blood in the sputum is sometimes the first sign of tuberculosis. Fever is one of the permanent symptoms of pulmonary teberculosis. In benign process the body t° is often subfebrile.

Cold profuse per spiration at night is sometimes evidence of a severe form of tuberculosis. Loss of bodyweight is caused by tuberculous intoxication, a sharp increase in the metabolic rate and loss of appetite.

6.Задания для уяснения темы занятия, методики вида деятельности:

6.1. Вопросы для самоподготовки:

1.In what cases is erythrocyte sedimentation rate accelerated?

2.What temperature are benign forms of tuberculosis accomponied by?

3.In case of what disease is a marked shadowing in the lungs revealed by X-ray examination?

4.What sputum has the patient with tuberculosis of the lungs?

5.Is cold profuse perspiration at night the evidence of a benign or a severe form of tuberculosis of the lungs?

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6. What is permanent fever often accompanied by?

6.2. Тестовые задания по теме. 1.Выберите правильный ответ:

1. What forms of tuberculosis are accompanied by a subfebrile temperature?

a) benign forms of tuberculosis are

b) pneumonic forms of tuberculosis are

2. What kind of sputum has the patient with tuberculosis?

a) it's purulent

b) it's mucopurulent

3. The evidence of what forms of tuberculosis may cold profuse perspiration at night be?

a) it may be the evidence of a benign form of tuberculosis

6.3. Ситуационные задачи по теме: упр. XII стр. 185.

7. Список тем по УИРС, УИР:

«найти информацию о распространении туберкулеза на территории России. Угроза человечеству.

Приложение 1

Bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis is a contagious viral infection of the airways of infants and young children that causes difficulty in breathing, especially breathing out.

Bronchiolitis is most often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus, although other viruses, such as the parainfluenza and adenoviruses, are sometimes involved. Infection with these viruses causes inflammation of the airways. The inflammation causes the airways to narrow, obstructing the flow of air into and out of the lungs.

Bronchiolitis typically affects children younger than 18 months of age and is most common in infants younger than 6 months. During the first year of life, bronchiolitis affects about 11 of every 100 children, although during some epidemics a much higher proportion of infants is affected. Winter and early spring are the peak seasons for bronchiolitis. The disease may be more common in infants whose mothers smoke cigarettes, particularly those who smoked during pregnancy, and it appears to be less common among breastfed infants. Parents and older siblings can be infected with the same virus, but for them the virus usually causes only a mild cold.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Bronchiolitis starts with symptoms of a cold—runny nose, sneezing, mild fever, and some coughing. After several days, the child develops difficulty breathing, with a worsened cough. Usually the child has a high-pitched sound on breathing out (wheezing). In most infants, the symptoms are mild; even though the infant may breathe somewhat rapidly and be very congested, he is alert, happy, and eating well. Other infants are more severely affected, breathing rapidly, shallowly, and with difficulty. Sometimes the child turns blue from a lack of oxygen. The rapid breathing creates a difficulty in drinking, which may result in dehydration.

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