Unit 1
BRASLAV
1. Practice saying the following proper names:
the Grand Duchy of Lithuania |
Великое княжество Литовское |
Zamkovoja Mountain |
Замковая гора |
P.A. Sergievich |
П.А. Сергиевич |
doctor S.T. Narbut |
доктор С.Т. Нарбут |
The Lake Drivjaty |
озеро Дривяты |
S.I. Selikhanov |
С.И. Селиханов |
“Braslav’s lightning” |
“ Браславские зарницы” |
2. Read these international words and try to guess their meaning:
History, architectural, territory, museum, private, decoration, ornament, complex, culture, model, ethnographic, interesting, traditions, monument, interval.
3. Read the following words and phrases and try to memorize them:
carving |
резьба |
ornament |
орнамент |
manuscript |
рукопись |
ethnographic exhibit |
этнографический экспонат |
flax |
лен |
sample of weaving |
образцы ткачества |
carving |
резьба по дереву |
straw |
солома |
potter’s work |
работа гончаров |
national creativity |
национальное творчество |
a lantern |
фонарь |
a crest of a rampart |
гребень вершины |
in honor |
в честь |
to construct |
возводить |
historical data |
исторические факты |
a beacon |
маяк |
figured stone laying |
фигурная каменная кладка |
boulder |
булыжник |
a figured spike |
фигурный шпиль |
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a communal grave |
братская могила |
annual festival |
of amateur ежегодный фестиваль самодеятель- |
national creativity |
ностного народного творчества |
4.Read out these phrasal verbs and expressions several times till you remember them:
to refer to – относиться, принадлежать к чему-либо to be known by – быть известным как кто-то, что-то to be rich in – быть богатым в чем-то
to be situated in – быть расположенным to be made of – быть сделанным из чего-то to get acquainted with – знакомить (с)
to build of – построить (из)
to be carried out – быть выполненным to represent in – представлять (в)
to include in – включать (в)
to be topped – быть увенчанным чем-то to differ in – различаться чем-то
according to – в соответствии, по некоторым сведениям to use in – использовать (в)
5.Match English words and their Russian equivalents:
1. century |
a. старинный |
2. property |
b. житель |
3. picturesque |
c. часто |
4. ancient |
d. деревянный шатёр |
5. model |
e. собственность |
6. inhabitant |
f. окраина |
7. pattern |
g. специальный раствор |
8. wooden tent |
h. макет |
9. suburb |
i. узор |
10. fair |
j. ярмарка |
11. frequently |
k. живописный |
12. special solution |
l.столетие |
6. Combine the words with the help of preposition of:
1. huge quantity |
a. century |
2. a rampart |
b. pseudo-Russian architectural style |
3. inhabitants |
c. people |
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4. old parts |
d. amateur national creativity |
5. draw the attention |
e. Braslav's population |
6. the property |
f. northern and east walls |
7. festival |
g. picturesque lakes |
8. monument |
h. all Braslav |
9. the beginning |
i. Zamkovoja Mountain |
10. language |
j. grand dukes |
7. Give the comparative and superlative of the following adjectives:
Frequently, peaceful, grand, magnificent, interesting, old, remarkable, famous, green, cozy.
8. Give the plural of:
Century, hero, inhabitant, suburb, ornament, language, life, fisherman, monument, city, doctor, property, fair.
9. Write the derivatives of the following words:
History, proper, century, create, construct, talent, build, nation.
10.These words can be used both as verbs and nouns. Make up your own sentences to show the difference in their usage:
Rich, work, style, place, mean, size.
11.Give English equivalents to the following words and phrases:
Быть собственностью великих князей; полная событий история;
живописные озера и великолепие видов и мест; познакомиться; частная усадьба; архитектурная красота; украшения; комплекс материалов; старые времена; предметы, сделанные изо льна; традиции и обычаи; самый талантливый и известный браславский врач; по некоторым заметкам и историческим фактам; вторая часть девятнадцатого столетия; простые булыжники и красный кирпич; католическая церковь; православная церковь; интерьер; усадьбы и земля; замечательные виды; величайшая ценность искусства; множество каменных зданий с элементами стиля модерн; четыре колонны; привлекать внимание людей; известные праздники; очень популярны далеко от Браслава.
12 Read the text and get ready to speak about Braslav:
The Catholic Church – католическая церковь, костел; The Christian Church – православная церковь;
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Pseudo-Gothic style – псевдоготический стиль;
Pseudo-Russian architectural style – псевдорусский стиль;
Modernist style – стиль модерн
THE TOWN MONUMENT: BRASLAV.
In the beginning of 14th century the town Braslav one of the first in Polotsk ground was a part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and began to refer to Braslav Lithuanian. Some centuries Braslav was a property of grand dukes. This small town has a very ancient and full of events history, it is known not only by its huge quantity of picturesque lakes and magnificence of views and places, but Braslav is also rich in its architectural beauty.
To get acquainted with the history of Braslav's territory and the town itself is possible in the Historical Museum which is situated in a private residence. This building is rather attractive; it is ancient with a lot of decorations such as carving, different kinds of ornament and so on. A complex of manuscripts which is placed here tells us about life, culture, occupation, language of Braslav's population. It is possible to see a model of a fortress here – that stood on Zamkovoja Mountain during the old times. Ethnographic exhibits are rather interesting, too. Articles made of flax, samples of weaving; carving, pictures and things made of straw, potters' work acquaint us with traditions and customs of national creativity of Braslav's region. Among them – the hero of the war in 1812 J.P. Kulnyov, famous Belarusian and Lithuanian painter P.A.Sergievich, doctor S.T.Narbut.
Obelisk with a lantern at the top is situated on the crest of Zamkovoja Mountain rampart; it is the monument in honor of Stanislaw Narbut – the most talented and famous Braslav's doctor. The monument was constructed after his death on means collected by inhabitants of Braslav. According to some notes and historical data, the lantern worked as a beacon some years ago, helping to find the way in fog to fishermen on Lake Drivjaty.
Two monuments of cultural architecture of the second half of 19th century are situated near Zamkovoja Mountain – these are th e Catholic Church and the Christian Church. The Catholic Church is built of simple big stones and red bricks, and it has features of Pseudo-Gothic style. Old parts of northern and eastern walls which were left from the old church on which the figured stone laying was kept were used in construction of the Catholic Church. It was carried out as follows: intervals between big boulders were covered with special solution and lay with small stones in various patterns. Such an unusual and very beautiful laying is met in Braslav rather frequently.
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The stone Christian Church is a monument of Pseudo-Russian
architectural style. The greatest art value is represented in its interior with icons of 17th – 18 th centuries.
Remarkable sites in the architectural relation of the town were kept also from the 20-ies years of our century. Country houses and grounds are included in a huge complex of buildings which is constructed in traditions of national architecture. But also we can see here a lot of stone buildings with elements of modernist style. A wooden tent above a big well – h igh roof topped with a figured spike stands on four columns and draws attention of people. This small in its size construction differs in beautiful smooth contours, reasonableness of design. There is a communal grave in the town centre square. The monument is created under the project of a well-known Belarusian sculptor, national artist of Belarus S.I. Selikhanov – one of the authors of the memorial “Khatyn”.
The most green and cozy area of Braslav is its western suburb. Holidays and fairs are carried out here. Annual festival of amateur national creativity “Braslav’s lightnings” is known and very popular fa r outside the territory of Braslav.
13. Answer the following questions:
1.When did the town of Braslav begin to refer to Braslav Lithuanian? 2. Does this small town have very ancient and full of events history? 3. Where is the Historical Museum of Braslav situated? 4. What is this building famous for?
5.What does the complex of manuscripts which is placed here tell us about? 6. Is it possible to see a model of an ancient fortress there? 7. What kinds of articles are represented in the museum? 8. What was Stanislaw Narbut? 9. What did people construct after his death? 10. What is situated near Zamkovoja Mountain? 11. Which styles are used in building of these two churches? 12. What kind of buildings can we see in Braslav among the ancient ones? 13. What festival is carried out in Braslav every year? 14. What function did the lantern at the top of the obelisk carry out? 15. What can you say about the most famous Braslav’s doctor?
14.Agree or disagree with the following statements:
1. In the beginning of the 10th century Braslav was a part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and began to refer to Braslav Lithuanian. 2. To get acquainted with the history of Braslav's territory and the town itself is possible in the Architectural Museum. 3. A complex of manuscripts which is placed here tells us about life, culture, occupation and language of Braslav's population. 4. According to some notes and historical data, the lantern worked
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as a beacon some years ago. 5. The Catholic Church is built of simple big stones and red bricks, and it has features of Pseudo-Russian style. 6. The stone Christian Church is a monument of Pseudo-Gothic architectural style. 7. We can see here a lot of stone buildings with the elements of modernist style. 8. A wooden tent above a big well – high roof topped wit h a simple spike stands on seven columns and draws attention of people. 9. The monument is created under the projects of a well-known Belarusian sculptor, national artist of Belarus S.I. Selikhanov – one of the authors of the memorial “Khatyn”. 10. Annual festival of amateur national creativity “Bra slav’s lightnings” is known and very popular far outside the territory of Braslav and it is carried out twice a year.
15. Insert the right prepositions where necessary:
1. This small in its size construction differs … be autiful smooth contours, reasonableness of design. 2. Country houses and grounds are included … complex of buildings which are constructed in traditions of national architecture.
3. The greatest art value is represented … its inte |
rior with icons of 17th -18th |
||
centuries. 4. It was carried … as follows: interval |
s between big boulders were |
||
covered … special solution and lay with small stone |
s |
in various patterns. 5. |
|
Articles made … flax, samples of weaving; carving, |
pictures and things made |
||
…straw, potters' work acquaint us… traditions |
and |
c |
ustoms of national |
creativity of Braslav's region. 6. This small town has a very ancient and full
…events history, it is known not only … its huge qu |
antity of picturesque |
lakes |
and magnificence of views and places, but Braslav is also rich … |
its |
|
architectural beauty. |
|
|
16. Choose a word from the box into each gap:
1. In the beginning of 14th century the town of Braslav one of the first in
Polotsk ground was a part of the … … … … and began |
… … … |
Braslav |
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Lithuanian. 2. It was … … as follows: intervals bet |
ween big … were covered |
with special solution and lay with small stones in various …. 3. Old parts of northern and eastern walls which were left from older church on which the … …
… was kept were used in construction of the Catholi c Church. 4. This building is rather attractive; it is ancient with a lot of decorations such as …, different kinds of … and so on.
Carving, boulders, to refer to, carried out, figured stone laying, ornament, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, patterns
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17. Fill in the table:
14th century
1812
17th – 18 th century
second half of 19th century
20-ies years
18. Work in groups. Find out from your partners:
−what they know about the history of Braslav;
−what kinds of articles can be found in Braslav’s museums;
−what they know about Stanislaw Narbut;
−how many architectural monuments and buildings they know in
Braslav;
−where different holidays and fairs take place.
19. Comment on:
−architecture of Braslav represents different styles;
−Braslav is not a big town but it has a varied history
20. Imagine that:
−You are to write a report on different peculiarities of Braslav’s territory, you go to a library and ask a librarian to help you to find some information about places and buildings you are interested in. Role-play a dialogue with your partner.
−You have a friend in Great Britain. He knows nothing about your native country but some time ago he read about Braslav in one of his books. He likes this small town and he wants to learn some more information about it. What are you going to tell him?
−Your friend gathers different information about Braslav. He wants you to help him. Share some information you know.
21. Comprehension check. Choose the best alternative according to the text:
1. The town of Braslav was a part of …
a)the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
b)Livonia in the beginning of the12th century;
c)the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and began to refer to Braslav Lithuanian in the beginning of the 14th century.
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2.Some centuries Braslav was the property of … a) grand dukes;
b) Prince Charles; c) simple people.
3.It is possible to see a model of a fortress here - that stood on … … during the old times.
a) Big Mountain;
b) Zamkovoja Mountain; c) Braslav Mountain.
4.Obelisk with a lantern at the top is situated on the crest of the rampart
of …
a) Big Mountain, it is a monument in honor of S.I. Selihanov;
b) Zamkovoja Mountain, it is a monument in honor of Stanislaw Narbut; c) Braslav Mountain, it is a monument in honor of P.A. Sergievich.
5.Two monuments of cultural architecture of the second half of …
a)the 20th century are situated near Zamkovoja Mountain – the se are the Drama Theatre and the Ethnographic Museum;
b)the 18th century are situated near Zamkovoja Mountain – the se are the wooden tent and the well;
c)the 19th century are situated near Zamkovoja Mountain – the se are the Catholic Church and the Christian Church.
6. The communal grave in the square was created under the projects of S.I.Selikhanov – one of the authors of …
a)the memorial “Khatyn”;
b) the memorial “Victory” in Minsk; c) the memorial “Thirst”.
7. Annual festival of amateur national creativity … is known and very popular far outside the territory of Braslav.
a) “Braslav’s stars”;
b) “Braslav’s lightnings”; c) “Belarusian lightnings”.
8. The wooden tent above a big well – …
a) metal construction, stands on two columns;
b) high roof topped with an iron spike, stands on three columns; c) high roof topped with a figured spike, stands on four columns.
9. According to some notes and historical data the lantern worked as … a) an orienteer some years ago on Lake Narach;
b) a beacon some years ago on Lake Drivjaty c) a signal some years ago on Black Lake.
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10.Country house are included in a huge complex of buildings which are constructed in traditions of …
a) sculptural design;
b) national architecture; c) national creativity.
11.To get acquainted with the history of Braslav's territory and the town itself is possible in the Historical Museum which is situated …
a) near the communal grave in the centre of the town;
b) next to the Catholic Church in one of private residences; c) in a private residence.
12.Articles made of flax, samples of weaving; carving, pictures and things made of straw, potters' work acquaint us with …
a) history of Braslav’s lakes, history of its region and peculiarities of Braslav’s architecture;
b) traditions and customs of national creativity of Braslav's region;
c) history of Braslav’s development, famous people of Braslav and its beautiful lakes.
13.Country houses are included in the complex of buildings which are … a) constructed in traditions of national architecture;
b) built according to old traditions of architectural technologies; c) built in Pseudo-Russian and Pseudo-Gothic style.
Unit 2
BREST FORTRESS-HERO
1. Practise saying the following proper names:
“Gold Star”, |
“ золотая звезда” |
A.P. Kibalnikov |
А.П. Кибальников |
V. Korol |
В. Король |
A. Bembel |
А. Бембель |
V. Zankovich |
В. Занкович |
O. Stakhovich |
О. Стахович |
G. Sysoyev |
Г. Сысоев |
V. Bobyl |
В. Бобиль |
V. Volchek |
В. Волчек |
Yu. Kazakov |
Ю. Казаков |
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Brest Fortress-Hero |
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Брестская крепость-герой |
S. Smirnov |
|
С. Смирнов |
“The Sacred War” |
“ |
Священная война” |
A. Aleksandrov |
|
А. Александров |
Yu. Levitan |
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Ю. Левитан |
“Thirst” |
“ |
Жажда” |
The Mukhavets River |
|
Река Мухавец |
The White Palace |
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Белый дворец |
P.M. Masherov |
|
П.М. Машеров |
The Great Patriotic War |
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Великая отечественная война |
The Victory Day |
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День Победы |
St. Nicholas’ church |
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Церковь Святого Николая |
Kobrin |
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Кобрин |
2. Read these international words and try to guess their meaning:
Presidium, presentation, medal, museum, memorial complex, project, monument, sculptor, laureate, architect, organization, specialist, inauguration, legendary, poem, moment, aggression, secretary, museum, patriotic, tradition, eparchy, territory.
3. Read the following words and phrases and try to memorize them:
feat |
подвиг |
defender |
защитник |
decree |
декрет, указ |
perpetual contribution |
пожизненный вклад |
enactment |
указ |
erect |
воздвигать, возводить |
dedicate |
посвящать |
integrate |
составлять целое, интегрировать |
immortalize |
увековечить |
overture |
увертюра |
reinforced-concrete |
железобетон |
vault |
свод |
roar |
рычание |
deafening howling |
оглушающее завывание |
shell |
артиллерийский снаряд |
treacherous |
предательский |
troop |
войско |
titanium-coated bayonet obelisk |
покрытый титаном обелиск-штык |
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