14-es_1 / Анг.яз / м_Сасина_англ_уст.тем_Беларусь

4.Read these phrasal verbs and expressions several times till you remember them:

to find in – находиться;

to head by smb. – возглавить кем-то; to participate in – принимать участие; to carve in – вырезать (из);

to count down – отсчитывать;

to situate in – быть расположенным, находиться;

to present with – награждать чем-либо, преподносить что-либо; to hand to – относить к чему-либо.

5.Match these English words with their Russian equivalents:

6. Combine these words with the help of preposition of:

7. Give the comparative and superlative of the following:

high, ancient, creative, popular, active, treacherous, honorable, indifferent, young.

8. Give the plural of:

fortress, complex, purpose, search, history, territory, hero, story, alley, life, courage, day.

9. Write the derivatives of the following words:

defend, honour, present, create, build, store, legend, origin, peace, step, bring, spirit.

10. These words can be used both as verbs and nouns. Make up your own sentences to show the difference in their usage:

place, name, head, search, support, award, count, roar, struggle, coat.

11. Read these expressions and find their English equivalents in the

text:

Указ Президиума верховного совета СССР; медаль “ Золотая Звезда”; творческая группа; проект памятника, возглавить кем-то; утренняя встреча; стать поддержкой и близким другом выжившим; главный вход; увертюра скульптурной поэмы; отсчитывать последние мирные мгновения; взрывающиеся бомбы; войска фашистской Германии; барельеф; вечный огонь; Герой Советского Союза; отдать дань погибшим и живым; священная земля; новобрачные; литургия; студенческий билет; День Победы; память о прошлом.

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12. Read the text and get ready to speak about Brest fortress:

BREST FORTRESS-HERO – THE UNIQUE MEMORIAL COMPLEX

People highly appreciated the feat of defenders in Brest fortress. By the decree of the Supreme Soviet Presidium of the USSR in May, 1965 Brest fortress was awarded the honorary title “Fortress-Hero”. It was also given the Lenin order and the medal “Golden Star”, which were placed in the

museum of this memorial complex like a symbol of perpetual contribution.

By enactment of the BSSR Council of Ministers a creative group was founded in 1967 with the purpose of developing the project of the monument. It was headed by Aleksandr Pavlovich Kibalnikov, the laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes of the USSR and the most popular painter in the USSR. The creative group included: V. Korol, – popular archit ect of the USSR; A. Bembel,

– popular painter of the BSSR; V. Zankovich, – scul ptor, the laureate of the

famous sculptor; architects – V. Volchek and Yu. Ka zakov.

25 building and construction organizations sent their best specialists to erect the memorial. Different collectives of Brest enterprises, organizations and educational institutions participated actively in the construction of the memorial complex.

The inauguration of the memorial complex “Brest For tress-Hero” was held on September, 25, 1971. One of the honorable visitors was a talented writer Sergey Sergeyevich Smirnov, who had dedicated more than 10 years of his life to investigation of fortress defenders. He had restored a lot of names of dead heroes for national history, and become a close friend of survivors. For his book “Brest fortress”, which has already risen several g enerations of readers, S.S. Smirnov was awarded with the Lenin Prize.

The integrated architectural and artistic complex, which immortalized the legendary but true story of Brest fortress heroes, represents ruins of the old fortress, battle spots, and monumental sculptural compositions.

The Main Entrance became an original overture to this “sculptural poem”. A five-point star, a symbol of military valour and honor, looks as if it is carved in a reinforced-concrete block. Sounds of a metronome counting down last

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peaceful moments are heard under the vaults of the Main Entrance. Then one can hear an increasing roar of approaching bombers; deafening howling and thunder of exploding bombs and shells; the song “Th e Sacred War” by A. Aleksandrov. Famous announcer Yu. Levitan reads the governmental message on the occasion of treacherous aggression of Germany fascist troops against the Soviet Union.

The central alley leads to the Citadel. The sculptural composition “Thirst” symbolizing thirst for life, struggle and victory is erected on the bank of the Mukhavets River. Ceremonial Square begins from old ruins of the White Palace. The titanium-coated bayonet obelisk, a symbol of military bravery, can be seen from afar. The Main monument 31.5 m in height and 50 m in width, made of reinforced concrete, towers over the ruins of former Engineering Board. In severe stare of a warrior, who looks as if he is stepping forth from an unfolded banner, one can see sorrow about his dead comrades, enormous will-power, courage and inflexible resolution to stand to the bitter end. On the backside of this monument one can find bas-reliefs representing the most important episodes of fortress defense.

Three tiers of granite gravestones are situated in the centre of the architectural complex. Remains of 962 people who died in the fortress lie under them. Names of 269 fortress defenders and members of their families are written on the gravestones, others are mentioned as “unknow n”.

The Eternal flame is burning in front of the ruins of former Engineering Board. P.M. Masherov, the first secretary of the Central Committee of Belarus, the Hero of the Soviet Union, lit the eternal flame on the inauguration day. Memorial area of cities-heroes was laid near the eternal flame on May, 9, 1985.

The fortress has become a centre of military and patriotic upbringing. Many good traditions have been formed there. Memorial groups from schools and vocational schools of the city keep honorable watch on the Memory Post. Every year on the Victory Day of people gather to pay the tribute to lost and living participants of the Great Patriotic War. Young soldiers of Brest garrison swear on the sacred ground of the fortress. Newly wedded couples bring flowers to the fortress on their wedding day. On the first of September students are presented with student’s cards in Ceremonial Square.

St. Nicholas’ church, which was handed to Brest/Kobrin eparchy in 1994, is situated in the territory of the fortress. Since September 1995 Orthodox believers have been coming here to find spiritual satisfaction there. Requiem liturgies are chanted yearly on the twenty second of June to honor those who died in this territory. Works connected with general overhaul and restoration of the memorial complex and the temple are still carried out.

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People of all ages, convictions and trades come to the fortress, and few of them remain indifferent, and few of them are not shocked with what they can see or hear. In pages of the Great Patriotic War history, Brest fortress and its defenders have tenderly kept memory of our past and helped to perceive our present with wisdom and responsibility.

13. Answer the following questions:

1. When was Brest Fortress awarded with the honorary title “FortressHero”? 2. When was a creative group founded, what p urpose did it have? 3. Who was in the creative group and who was the head of it? 4. When did the inauguration of the memorial complex take place? 5. Who was its honorable visitor? 6. What book did he write? 7. Can you describe the Main Entrance ? 8. What can we see on the backside of the monument? 9. What can we see in the centre of the architectural complex? 10. What is written on the gravestones? 11. Where is the eternal flame burning? 12. Who lit the eternal flame? 13. What traditions are popular in Brest Fortress-hero? 14. When are requiem liturgies chanted? 15. What do people usually feel in the fortress?

14. Agree or disagree with the following statements:

1. People highly appreciated the feat of defenders of Brest fortress. 2. By the decree of the Supreme Soviet Presidium of the USSR in May, 1965 Brest fortress was awarded the honorary title “Fortress-H ero” and given the Lenin order and the medal “Golden Star”, which were place d in the museum of this memorial complex like a symbol of perpetual contribution. 3. By enactment of the BSSR Council of Ministers a creative group was founded in 1959 with the purpose of developing the project of the monument. 4. 28 building and construction organizations sent their best specialists to erect the memorial. 5. The inauguration of the memorial complex “Brest Fortress-Hero” was held on September, 25, 1971. 6. One of the honorable visitors was a famous writer V. Zankovich, who dedicated more than 12 years of his life to investigation of fortress defenders. 7. The central alley leads to the Mukhavets River. 8. Ceremonial Square begins from old ruins of the Black Palace. 9. On the backside of the monument one can find bas-reliefs representing the most important episodes of the fortress defense. 10. Requiem liturgies are chanted yearly on June, 13 to honor those who died on that territory.

15. Insert the right prepositions where necessary:

1…. enactment of the Council of Ministers of the BS SR a creative group was founded … 1967 … the purpose of developing the project of the monument. 2. The inauguration of the memorial complex “Brest Fortress-Hero” was held …

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September 25, 1971. 3. The Main Entrance has become an original overture … the “sculptural poem”. 4. Sounds of a metronome cou nting … the last peaceful moments are heard … the vaults of the Main Entrance . 5. The central alley leads

the Memory Post. 9. Newly wedded couples bring flowers … the fortress … their wedding day. 10. St. Nicholas’ church, which was handed … Brest/Kobrin eparchy … 1994, is situated … the territory of the fortress.

16. Choose a word from the box into each gap:

1. People highly appreciated the … of Brest fortres s defenders. 2. Different collectives of Brest enterprises, organizations and educational institutions participated actively in the construction of the … …. 3. The … of the memorial complex “Brest fortress-hero” was held on September , 25, 1971. 4. For his book “Brest fortress”, which has already risen several g enerations of readers,

honor, looks as if it is carved in a reinforced-concrete block. 7. Three tiers of granite … are situated in the centre of the archite ctural complex. 8. The Eternal

inauguration, student’s cards, overture, gravestones, feat, the Lenin prize, five-point star, eparchy, Engineering Board, memorial complex.

17. Fill in the table:

May, 1965

1967

September, 18, 1971

September, 25, 1971

May, 1985

1994

September, 1995

June, 22

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18. Work in groups. Find out from your partner:

– what he (she) knows about Brest Fortress-Hero;

– what Brest Fortress-Hero represents;

– what constructions it has in its territory.

19. Comment on:

– preparation to the construction of the fortress;

– the quantity of the most popular and talented peo ple of Belarus which participated in its construction;

– different traditions which are connected with Bre st Fortress-Hero.

20. Imagine that:

–You are writing a report about Brest fortress. Yo u do not have enough information. You go to a library and ask a librarian to help you. Role-play a dialogue with your partner.

–You are a teacher of history and you work at scho ol. Your administration is going to send you to Brest to gather some information about Brest Fortress-Hero. You should take part in a historical seminar in Brest. What are you going to ask representatives of Brest schools?

–Your pen-friend from abroad comes to visit you. H e (she) wants to know something about Brest Fortress-Hero. Role-play a dialogue with your partner.

21. Comprehension check. Choose the best alternative according to the text:

1. By enactment of the BSSR Council of Ministers a creative group was …

a)formed in 1965 with the purpose of reconstruction of the memorial complex Brest Fortress;

b)founded in 1967 with the purpose of developing the project of this monument;

c)gathered in 1954 with the purpose of building the memorial complex in

Brest.

2. The inauguration of the memorial complex "Brest Fortress-Hero" was held on …

a)November, 23, 1983;

b)September, 12, 1971;

c)September, 25, 1971.

3. The integrated architectural and artistic complex, which immortalized the legendary but true story of Brest fortress heroes, represents …

a)ruins of the old fortress, battle spots, and monumental sculptural compositions;

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b)ancient walls of the old fortress, cathedrals, and architectural constructions;

c)modern buildings, battle spots, and monumental sculptural compositions.

4. The sculptural composition “Thirst” symbolizes t hirst for …

a)food and water and is erected on the bank of the Dvina River;

b)life, struggle and victory and is erected on the bank of the Mukhavets

River;

c)peaceful life and happy childhood and is erected near St. Nicholas’

church.

5. On the backside of the monument one can find …

a)bas-reliefs representing the most important episodes of the fortress

defense;

b)sculptures of well-known heroes of the war and the eternal flame;

c)architectural constructions, St. Nicholas’ church and communal grave. 6. Three tiers of granite gravestones are situated in …

a)the suburb of the memorial complex;

b)the western part of the memorial complex near the eternal flame;

c)the centre of the architectural complex.

7. P. M. Masherov, first secretary of the Central Committee, the Hero of the Soviet Union, …

a)came to Brest on the day of the inauguration and pronounce his speech;

b)lit the eternal flame on the day of the inauguration;

c)sent a letter which was read on the day of the inauguration. 8. The fortress has become a centre of …

a)historical seminars and meeting of historians from all over the world;

b)patriotic upbringing;

c)military and patriotic upbringing.

9. On the first of September students are presented with …

a)diplomas near the communal grave;

b)student’s cards in Ceremonial Square;

c)presents in St. Nicholas’ church.

10. Newly wedded couples bring flowers to the fortress on …

a)their wedding day;

b)the Victory Day;

c)the Mother’s Day.

11. Young soldiers of Brest garrison swear on the sacred ground of …

a)the fortress;

b)the Main Entrance;

c)St. Nicholas’ church.

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12.Since September, 1995 Orthodox believers have been coming to St. Nicholas’ church to find …

a) peace and relaxation; b) understanding and love; c) spiritual satisfaction.

13.Every year on the Victory Day people gather to pay the tribute to …

a)every fourth victim of the World War Two and to their relatives;

b)heroes of the Soviet Union;

c)lost and living participants of the Great Patriotic War.

14.Requiem liturgies are chanted yearly on twenty second of June to honor those …

a) who were killed during the war near Brest; b) who died in that territory;

c) all the victims of the war who were killed and tortured in death camps.

15.People of all ages, convictions and trades come to the fortress, and few of them remain indifferent, and few of them …

a) prefer not to come here because they do not want to memorize all horrors of the war;

b) come here to recollect the most difficult years of their life; c) are not shocked with what they can see or hear there.

Unit 3

THE CASTLE OF NESVIZH

1. Practise saying the following proper names:

2. Read these international words and try to guess their meaning:

Monument, tradition, medal, function, apartment, reconstruct, massive, secret, centre, portrait, territory.

3. Read out the following words and memorize them:

4. Read out these phrasal verbs and expressions several times till you remember them:

to draw attention – привлекать внимание to be affected by – быть пораженным

to entrust to – доверить

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