14-es / Анг.яз / умк_Лиша_Англ. для начинающих_РТ,ВС

12. Make up sentences about what these students are going or not going to be.

13. Make up questions about people’s plans for holidays and find answers to them using the following table with your partner.

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14. Read the dialogue “Holiday plans”. Pay attentio n to the words in bold.

15.Answer the questions.

1.How is Jane? 2. Why is she phoning Helen? 3. When is she going on a trip? 4. Will Mrs. Hanson’s husband go on a trip? 5 . Why won’t he go? 6. How many hours a day does he work sometimes? 7. When is he going to take his holiday? 8. How long is his holiday as a rule? 9. Will he have a longer holiday this year? 10. Where are the Hansons going to spend their holiday? 11. Why do the Hansons like mountains?

УЭ – 8

1. Study and learn the rule.

The Past Simple Tense (Простое прошедшее время)

Past Simple употребляется для выражения действия, которое совер- шалось или совершилось в прошлом. Это время употребляется в повество-

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вании для констатации какого-либо факта и для изложения последователь- ных событий. Такие предложения обычно содержат наречия времени: yesterday – вчера, the day before yesterday – позавчера, yesterday morning (afternoon) – вчера утром (днем), last night – вчера вeчeрoм, last week (month, year) – на прошлой неделе (в прошлом месяце, году), an hour (a week, a month, a year ago) – час (неделю, месяц, год) тому назад, the other day – несколько дней назад и другие.

По способу образования Past Simple глаголы делятся на правильные и неправильные. Правильные глаголы образуют форму прошедшего вре- мени путем прибавления к инфинитиву глагола (без to) окончания -(e)d.

Правило произношения окончания (e)d

Неправильные глаголы образуют Simple Past путем изменения кор- невой гласной. Эти формы следует заучивать наизусть (см. Appendix 2).

Вопросительная и отрицательная формы как правильных, так и не- правильных глаголов образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола to do в прошедшем времени did.

Did you see Peter yesterday? – Yes, I did / No, I did not (didn’t).

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В отрицательных предложениях обычно употребляется сокращенная форма didn’t: Не didn’t go to work on Friday.

Глагол be образует вопросительную и отрицательную форму без вспомогательного глагола did (аналогично его функционированию в Pre-

sent Simple).

2. Fill in the table. Make up sentences in the Past Simple with any 5 – 6 verbs.

3.Put the sentences into Past Simple. Add necessary time expressions.

1)David lives in Boston.

2)Chris is in the museum.

3)The lessons start at nine o’clock.

4)He writes poems.

5)I see a big dog in the yard.

6)Frank gets up at six o’clock in the morning.

7)They watch an interesting film on TV.

8)He drinks mineral water for breakfast.

9)Sid goes to bed at nine o’clock.

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10)Peter plays golf on the sports-ground.

11)He brings me presents every week.

12)Tommy Brown is a sportsman.

13)He reads many books.

14)Mr. Jones paints his house.

15)They work in the Internet center.

4.Put the verb in brackets into Past Simple.

1)I.............(be) at home last weekend.

6.Make the sentences negative and interrogative.

1)We went to the football match two days ago.

2)Alan got up at six o’clock yesterday.

3)My parents had guests last night.

4)Mrs. Drake closed the door.

5)Nancy gave her book to Angela.

6)Patrick ate all the vegetables.

7)I did my homework in the evening.

8)He bought some apples for supper.

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9)They phoned their parents on Tuesday.

10)Mrs. Blake washed the window.

11)Our teacher asked us many questions.

12)He cleaned his room in the morning.

7.Look at the table and make up sentences about what the people did.

8. Study and learn the rule.

The Past Continuous Tense (Прошедшее продолженное время)

Past Continuous употребляется для выражения законченного дейст- вия, которое совершалось в какой-то точно указанный момент или период времени в прошлом. В данном случае, как правило, в предложении содер- жит-ся указание на час или отрезок времени, в течение которого соверша- лось действие.

Период времени в прошлом может быть указан

а) Обстоятельствами времени, такими как all day long yesterday – весь день вчера; all the time last week – все время на прошлой неделе; the

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Прошедшее продолженное время может употребляться для выражения двух или более параллельных действий, происходивших одновременно:

The Past Continuous Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в прошедшем времени (was / were) и причастия I смыслового глагола.

9. Answer the following questions. Say what people were doing at the time mentioned:

Example A: What were you doing yesterday morning? (to have an English lesson)

–Yesterday morning I was having an English lesson.

1)What was Fred doing at 7.30 this morning? (to get ready for the trip).

2)What were the children doing all Sunday afternoon? (to ski)

3)What was your daughter doing at 8 last night? (to watch a children's program)

4)What were your family doing the whole Saturday? (to sunbathe on the seaside)

5)What were Peter and John doing in the afternoon? (to fish)

6)What was your chief doing at 2 today? (to send a e-mail)

7)What were you and your colleagues doing all the morning? (to file the program on the disc)

8)What was the secretary doing from 9 till 11 today? (to type business letters)

Example B: Was your son sleeping when you came home yesterday? (to get ready for bed – No, he wasn’t. He was getting ready for bed.

1)Was Mary having breakfast when you rang her up? (to wash up)

2)Was your son doing his homework when your wife came back from work? (to listen to the records)

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3)Were you going to work when I met you in the street yesterday? (to go to the cinema)

4)Were they still skiing when it started snowing? (to go home)

5)Were your colleagues working when you entered the office? (to have coffee)

Example C: What were you doing on Sunday when it was raining? (to get ready for my lecture) – When it was raining I was getting ready for my lecture.

1)What were you doing while your children were doing their homework? (to work at my report)

2)What were they listening to when we were packing the things? (the latest news)

3)What was Jimmy reading while he was waiting for you? (a journal)

4)What were they doing when it was snowing yesterday? (to drive home)

5)Who were you waiting for while I was having a talk with the professor? (to wait for his secretary).

10.Put the verb in brackets into Past Simple or Past Continuous.

1.They (to meet) at the station two hours ago. 2. Where you (to spend) last Sunday? 3 We (to be) in a hurry because only twenty minutes (to be) left before the beginning of the performance. 4. I (to play) computer games when my friend (to come). 5. He (to ring) up his friend and (to ask) him about the homework. 6. Last Sunday we (to go) skiing in the country. There (to be) a lot of snow in the fields and we (to enjoy) ourselves. We (to ski) for two hours and a half. 7. They (to translate) a difficult text yesterday. 8. I (to open) the window at six o’clock yesterday. 9. I (not to see) Mike last week. 10. When I (to open) the door, my friends (to sit) around the table. 11. When you (to begin) doing your homework yesterday? 12. We (to discuss) the latest news from three till four yesterday. 13. When I (to read) the newspaper yesterday, I (to find) an interesting article about Bill Gates. 14. We (to work) the whole morning yesterday. 15. Mother (to cook) dinner at three o’clock yesterday. 16. She (to finish) cooking at four o’clock yesterday.

11.Read and translate the poem. Learn it by heart.

I, myself and me

I gave a little party this afternoon at three;

It was very small,

Three guests in all –

Just I, myself, and me.

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Myself ate up the sandwiches,

While I drank up the tea,

And it was I

Who ate the pie

And passed the cake to me.

Notes

myself – ( я) сам a pie – пирог

a guest – гость

to pass – передавать

12. Read and translate the text.

A. S. Popov – Inventor of the Radio

The wireless receiving set or radio is one of the greatest achievements of human genius. The Russian scientist Popov was the first to invent it. On the 7th of May we celebrate Radio Day because on that day in 1895 the Russian scientist Alexander Popov demonstrated his first radio set to a meeting of the Russian Physical and Chemical Society.

A. S. Popov was born in 1859 in the Urals. At school he spent all his free time on physics and mathematics. He studied at St. Petersburg University and graduated from it with honours, but was not satisfied with the conditions of the laboratories of the University and accepted the post of a teacher in the Mining School in Kronstadt. While he was working as a teacher, Popov began his research in electrical engineering.

The greater part of his life he devoted to the problem of the application of electromagnetic waves to wireless communication.

Popov worked on a sensitive receiving set which could pick up even the weakest radio waves. The year 1895 is considered to be the date of the invention of the radio when Popov demonstrated his radio receiving set in operation. By the end of the year he improved his apparatus. It was the first radio receiving set in the world.

After that many scientists and inventors worked on the device.

At present our country produces equipment for powerful broadcasting and television centres, and for radio-relay stations, electronic computers, radar stations, telecontrol and telemetric systems, and other purposes.

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Notes

1)wireless receiving set – беспроводное принимающее устройство

2)achievement – достижение

3)to invent – изобретать

4)to celebrate – праздновать

5)the Mining School – Минная школа

6)research – исследование

7)be satisfied – быть довольным

8)to accept – принимать, соглашаться

9)to devote (to) – посвящать

10)application – применение

11)sensitive – чувствительный

12)could pick up – могло ловить

13)to be considered to be – считается

14)in operation – в действии

15)to improve – усовершенствовать

16)equipment – оборудование

17)broadcasting – радиовещание

18)purpose – цель

13.Translate the following sentences into English.

1)В школе Попов проводил всё свое свободное время за физикой и математикой.

2)Попов принял должность учителя в Минной школе в Кронштадте.

3)Он начал соё исследование в электрической инженерии.

4)Попов работал над чувствительным принимающим устройством.

5)Устройство могло принимать даже самые слабые радиоволны.

6)Попов продемонстрировал свой радиоприёмник в действии.

7)Он усовершенствовал свой аппарат.

14.Answer the following questions.

1)Who was the first to invent radio?

2)When do we celebrate Radio Day? What happened on that day?

3)When and where was A. S. Popov born?

4)Did he study at St Petersburg or Moscow University?

5)He worked as a teacher in the Mining School in Kronstadt, didn’t he?

6)What problem did he devote the greater part of his life to?

7)Did many scientists and inventors worked to improve the radio?

8)What equipment does our country produce at present?

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