Lesson 3

Exercise 3.1

Translate the following words paying attention to affixes.

Doubt, undoubtedly, doubtful, doubtless; invent, invention, inventive, inventor, inventory, inventing; order, in order to, ordered, ordering, disorder; apply, application, applied, applying, misapply, applicable, appliances; count, countable, counting, countless, account, discount, counted; mean, meaning, meaningful, meaningless, meant, means; manage, manager, managing, managed; supply, supplied, supplier, supplies, supplying; produce, production, productive, producer, product, productivity; save, safe, saved, unsafe, saving; assist, assistant, assisted, assisting; suggest, suggestion, suggesting, suggested, suggestive, suggestively; hide, hiding, hidden; success, successful, succeed, succeeding, successfully .

Exercise 3.2

Translate the following paying attention to tenses

1. The project plans to combine a number of different technologies.

2. The projects have been planned to combine ...

3. The project is planning to combine …

4. The project is to combine…

5. The project has combined several technologies to…

6. To combine the technologies the project was planned to be…

7. The projects were planned to be combined…

8. The project had to be planned …

9. Had the project been planned carefully, it would be…

10. The projects are planning to combine…

11. We knew the projects had planned to be combined…

12. To be combined the projects planned to…

13. The project plans combine a number of …

14. The project will have been planned by the end of…

15. The projects were being planned …

16. The project planned it would combine…

17. The project had been planned when we decided…

18. The project has been planning to combine these technologies since last month…

19. The project planned carefully will combine all the necessary…

20. The project planned carefully, we’ll manage to combine all the advantages.

Exercise 3.3

Translate the following sentences paying attention to tenses.

1. Computing power in the form of PDAs is coming together with mobile telephony and new players are entering the market.

2. Considerable opportunities will emerge, but reasonable upgrade paths will remain.

3. It’s a separate OS and, like Windows NT2000, is kernel-based, and now consists of about 200 modules.

4. What appears on Pocket PC screen is a version with a user interface designed to resemble the familiar desktop OS, but Windows CE can, and does, appear in a number of different forms, some without any user interface at all, in a wide range of embedded systems.

5. This aspect is key to both Microsoft’s strategy for the product and the considerable potential it holds for developers, despite its continuing low market share in the PDA sector.

6. Virtually the only PDA manufacturer deploying Symbian’s Epoc OS is Psion, and this is being used increasingly on related devices.

7. Bluetooth and other technological developments will eventually lead to a dispersal of PDA/mobile components among far more user-friendly devices such as virtual or folding screens, soft or folding keyboards, pin microphones with automatic transliteration and so on, but in the meantime PDAs and mobile phones are coming together.

8. Purple Software has grown from six employees to around 50 today, which it attributes to the professional approach it takes to development.

9. When you’re developing you don’t need big, bulky functionality that’s going to get in the way of what you are trying to do.

10. Software testing has always been a huge issue for ecommerce developers, and many of them these days are coding using components or objects.

11. IM provides a way to get messages out, and answers in, almost instantly, which, of course means interrupting people.

12. The instrument of that change might be office use, as messaging and presence are being brought into Microsoft’s other office software, such as the Excel spreadsheet program and Outlook e-mail.

13. Researchers at IBM Corp. had for several years been working on the 801 project, an attempt to implement similar ideas.

14. The project was never brought to market, although the ideas influenced later IBM products, including Power PC architecture.

15. Countless other RISK chips have been designed since and RISK is now the dominant architecture for embedded applications.

16. So in the 1980s, several groups around the country, including researchers at Caltech and Intel, were trying to optimize an approach called message passing, which avoids shared memory.

17. China announced in early September that it had been discussing developing an alternative to Microsoft Windows with Japan and South Korea.

18. Worms and viruses have been getting more clever every year and a lot of them these days are having real-world consequences, not because of design, but because of unforeseen interaction with other systems.