6. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитив.

1. To prepare metals for practical use requires much knowledge and experience.

2. In order to prevent corrosion, metals to be used in industry must be covered with special paint.

3. Dissimilar metals and alloys are joined to get the final product with qualities of each component. Metals and alloys to be joined are placed close together and are subjected to pressure and shock waves.

4. To strengthen metals is to reinforce them with fibres.

5. A very good practice is to introduce the best scientific inventions into industry.

6. Steam engines were the first to be tried in aeroplanes but they were too heavy to be of any real use.

7. If steel is heated above critical temperature, it becomes softer and much easier to be machined.

7. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на причастие.

a) Participle I

1. Combining hydrogen with oxygen in the proportion of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen we produce water.

2. While burning different substances combine with oxygen.

3. The assistant was preparing the solution very carefully.

4. The boiling solution has neither colour nor odour.

б) Participle II

1. The data required were analysed in our laboratory.

2. The investigations analysed resulted in an interesting discovery.

3. When heated, glass can be easily worked.

4. Some new properties of the polymer found during the experiments were quite unexpected.

8. Дайте возможные варианты перевода предложений с герундием в функции:

а) подлежащего:

1. The student's taking part in the research was of great help to the whole laboratory.

2. His offering new temperature conditions for the system will give greater efficiency.

б) сказуемого:

1. Their aim is finding new ways of utilizing this first-class polymer in light industry.

в) дополнения:

1. The researcher took great interest in our improving the properties of the rubber-like substances.

2. We know of silver and copper being very good conductors of electricity.

г) определения:

1. At present scientists take great interest in the methods of turning the light and heat of the sun directly into electricity.

д) обстоятельства:

1. One cannot transform water into steam without heating it.

2. Physical changes are those which influence the condition or state of matter without changing its composition.

9. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

RADIO AND TV IN OUTER SPACE

Radio waves serve as a most reliable means connecting the spaceship with the Earth. Since the time when the first rocket was sent into space, there is always a two-way communication channel between the Earth and space. The most valuable information is transmitted to the Earth from rockets and spaceships by radio waves.

The information from space comes to the Earth in a coded form and here it is – decoded into the language clear to the specialists. Radio signals which are sent to the Earth from space are much weaker than those which are emitted by radio stations on the Earth. That is why the ground-based receiving antennas should be very big. The greater the antenna area, the more reliable is the reception.

Here on the Earth we not only hear the voices of our cosmonauts out can also see them thanks to the television transmitters which are set up in the spaceship cabin. The cosmonauts use portable TV cameras to send telecasts from their space home and show the televiewers the Earth and the Moon. And so in addition to two-way radio communication there is a two-way television channel from the Earth – to space and back.

Outer space is a gigantic natural laboratory. Here people can observe and study new phenomena, discover laws of nature and then use their knowledge for the benefit of mankind. And here radio and TV are of great help.

benefit n	- польза	reliable a	- надежный
emit v	- излучать	set up v	- устанавливать
observe v	- наблюдать	valuable a	- ценный
portable a	- портативный	weak a	- слабый
ground-based	- установленный на земле	in addition to	- в дополнение к ...