2_1 / grammar

Exercise 47. Put the verbs in brackets into the -ing form or the infinitive.

e.g.: - Oh, Mum, this programme's nearly finished. Can't I go on watching (watch)

TV for a while?

-No, I want you to do your math homework and then go on … (write)your English essay. You haven't even started it yet and it's due in tomorrow.

1.- Your dress is filthy. It wants … (wash).

-I know. I wanted … (take) it to the cleaner's yesterday, but they were closed.

2.- Don't you hate … (not/know) anyone here?

-Yes, I get very lonely, but I hate … (worry) my parents so I tell them I have made a lot of friends.

3.- I‘ll never forget … (visit) Thailand for the first time.

-Yes, it was such a wonderful holiday. If only I hadn't forgotten … (take) my camera.

4.- Why don't we stop … (get) something to eat on the way home?

-Ok, but we should really stop … (spend) money on junk food.

5.- I am sorry for … (spoil) your plans last weekend.

-OK. I was sorry … (hear) you weren't feeling very well.

6.- Jane doesn‘t know how to work the computer but she's afraid … (ask) for help.

-But, she isn‘t afraid of … (get) into trouble if she breaks it?

7.- Did you remember … (tell) Tim about the date of passing term paper?

-I don‘t remember … (tell) him, but I am sure I did.

8.– Do you regret … (offer) him a job?

-Yes, I regret … (say) he‘s not a reliable employee.

9.– I think I‘d prefer … (go) on holiday to Greece this year and spend some time visiting ancient sites.

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- Yes, I prefer … (do) something interesting to just … (sit) on a beach all day. And I'd prefer … (attend) a paleontological conference rather than … (stay) in England.

10.- I've been trying … (contact) Mr. Isaacs all morning.

-Why don't you try … (phone) his club?

Exercise 48. Use the correct form of the verbs in parentheses and complete the sentence with your own words. Include a (pro)noun object between the two verbs if necessary.

e.g.: The fire marshal (tell + unlock) -> The fire marshal told us to unlock the back doors of the school to provide a fast exit in the event of an emergency.

Exercise 49. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate Infinitive or Gerund form.

An 1) ... (understand) of how to use commands, which describe how the GUI components should 2) ... (handle), is essential. The new application gives programmers the alternative of simply 3) … (record) the series of keystrokes and mouse clicks that define the test procedure. For instance, instead of 4) ... (type) a line of code that includes the command ―dragDrop,‖ the programmer can simply 5) ... (record) the act of dragging a file.

The PSC is setting up a web page 6) ... (share) information about the various efforts involving the MIT community. The rescue and recovery missions

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that will 7) ... (take) place over the weeks, months and years ahead will 8) ... (call) on MIT faculty, students, staff and alumni to play a role in 9) ... (rebuild) the communities of Haiti. There are currently efforts in the works 10) ... (tap) the power of the MIT faculty in 11) ... (address) this crisis. The human and economic toll of this month's earthquake in Haiti has yet 12) ... (fully measure), but it is clear that the country faces an enormous 13) ... (rebuild) task. Cities tend 14) ... (rebuild) in the same location even after massive natural disasters — half a million people may 15) ... (die) in Tangshan, China from an earthquake in 1976. The thing we loosely term "16) ... (rebuild)" is at least a three-part challenge. For Haitians, resilience may 17) ... (substantially undergird) by faith, and the restoration of the Cathedral and other houses of worship will surely 18) ... (regard) as key symbolic milestones signaling recovery. The leaders of most societies have also chosen 19) ... (use) disasters as opportunities to "build back better," and I hope that it will become possible 20) ... (enforce) safer building practices

PRACTICE TEST #3.

1. I thank him … my computer.

2. The scientists insisted … a dexterous robot

3. NASA succeeded … the intelligent machines that can do useful work with their hands

4. Researchers are looking forward to … a robot that has the manual dexterity of a 6-year-old child, which can do repairs in space.

5. The idea practices … speech and gestures so it can work with people in real environments, all without the need for a teleoperator.

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a) recognizing b) to recognize

6. Robot has difficulty … complex tasks without human intervention.

a) in performing b) to perform

7. Manufactures expect … cars easier to handle, more fuel efficient and, above all, safer.

a) creating b) to create

8. The engineers decided … with traditional controls and hand them over to computers.

a) dispensing b) to dispense

9. The company will continue … new employees as long as new production orders keep coming in.

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17. I postpone … this research till tomorrow.

18. I object to … human being because it seems to diminish us and at the same time to give us enormous power we are not ready for.

19. He saw a man … of the car and walk to the side of the road.

20. It‘s no use … this old-fashioned car.

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THE PARTICIPLE

The participle is an impersonal form of a verb which has the properties of verb, adjective and adverb.

e.g. a broken agreement

Forms of the participle:

In case of transitive verbs

Participles I and II can be used as adjectives. Participle I (-ing) typically answers the question ‗What kind?‘ Participle II answers the question ‗How do you feel?‘

e.g. It is an interesting paragraph. (What kind of paragraph?)

I am interested in your proposal (How do I feel?)

The participle can be used:

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Exercise 50. Translate the following word combinations into Ukrainian.

Developing industry - developed industry; changing distances - changed distances;

a controlling device - a controlled device; an increasing speed - an increased

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speed; a transmitting signal - a transmitted signal; a reducing noise - a reduced noise; a moving object - a moved object; heating parts - heated parts.

Exercise 51. Fill in the Participle II.

The … (lose) technology, an … (interest) audience, a … (break) glass plate, an …

(empty) test tube, a … (close) door, a … (decorate) room, two … (pack) bags, the

… (write) letters, the … (sell) car, the … (buy) goods.

Exercise 52. Underline the Participles. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

A.1. We need highly developed electronics and new materials to make supercomputers. 2. New alloys have appeared during the last decades, among them a magnesium-lithium alloy developed by our scientists. 3. We are carried by airplanes, trains and cars with built-in electronic devices. 4. Computer components produced should be very clean. 5. Many countries have cable TV, a system using wires for transmitting TV programs. 6. The fifth-generation computers performing 100 billion operations a second will become available in the near future. 7. A video phone has a device which allows us to see a room and the face of the person speaking. 8. New technologies reduce the number of workers needed.

B.1. Driving a car a man tries to keep steady speed and watch the car in front of him. 2. Having stated the laws of gravity, Newton was able to explain the structure of the Universe. 3. Being more efficient than human beings, computers are used more and more extensively. 4. Having graduated from Cambridge, Newton worked there as a tutor. 5. Having been published in 1687, Newton's laws of motion are still the basis for research. 6. Being invented the digital technology solved the old problems of noise in signal transmission.7. Having published his book about space exploration in 1895, Tsiolkovsky became known all over the world. 8. Built in the middle of the last century, the British Museum is situated in central London.

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Exercise 53. Underline the Participle in the functions of attribute and

adverbial modifier. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1.X-ray pictures are similar to shadows cast by the objects being photographed.

2.In any electrical conductor or system in which there is a flow of current there is a certain amount of energy continually being lost or converted into forms not readily available for use. 3. A part of the energy delivered to any motor or generator is lost within the machine itself, being converted into heat and wasted.

4.Having applied cybernetics our country could deliver space vehicles to their orbits with great accuracy. 5. Having determined the number of amperes and the

number of volts, we can find the resistance of the coil by using Ohm's law. 6. Having been employed abundantly in many industrial processes electronic computers show a notable example of progress contributing to the development of industry. 7. The force causing a current to flow in the circuit is to be measured with this instrument 8. Having studied all the known elements, Maria Sklodowska proved that uranium and thorium discharge an electroscope. 9. The condenser is, on the whole, two conductors separated by a dielectric medium or an insulating material. 10. The number of metal atoms, deposited on a plate, depends on the number of electrons. 11. The amount of heat generated depends on the quality and quantity of the fuel used. .12. The propeller accelerates the air passing through it thereby transforming engine power into useful thrust. 13. We can measure the power absorption of an energy transforming apparatus, when using continuous currents, with a d.c. ammeter and a voltmeter. 14. Having spent several days trying to assemble the machine, he understood that his efforts would come to nothing. 15. While explaining the results of the experiment the professor wrote many formulae on the blackboard. 16. The driver puts the lever of the controller in the position corresponding to the desired time.

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Exercise 54. Choose the appropriate form of the Participle in the sentences

below.

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