Порядок слов английского простого распространенного повествовательного предложения
Повелительные предложения
|
Лицо |
Утвердительная форма |
Отрицательная форма |
|
1-е |
Letme (us) turnonthelight. Позволь (те) мне зажечь свет. Давайте зажжем свет. |
Don't let me(us) turn on the light. Давайте не будем зажигать свет. |
|
2-е |
Turn off the light. Выключитесвет. Becareful. Будь(те) осторожны. Consider fig. l. Рассмотримрис.1. |
Don't turn off the light. He выключайтесвет. Don't be careless. He будьте небрежны. |
|
3-е |
Let him(her, them) define the area ofthissurface. Пусть он (она, они) определит площадь этой поверхности. Let the pressure fall. Пустьдавление(оно)падает. |
Don't let him (her, them) define the area of this surface. Пусть он (она, они) не определяет площадь этой поверхности. Don't let the pressure (it) fall. Heдавай(те) давлению (ему) падать. |
Вопросительные предложения
|
Are you coming with us? |
Ты идешь с нами? |
|
No, I’m not. |
Нет. |
|
Did they give a discount? |
Они дали скидку? |
|
Yes, they did. |
Да. |
|
Can you write in Java? |
Ты можешь писать на языке Java? |
|
No, I can’t. |
Нет. |
Сложноподчиненные предложения
Схематически структуру сложноподчиненного предложения можно представить следующим образом:
|
Main clause + |
Subject Clause | ||
|
Predicative Clause | |||
|
Object Clause | |||
|
Attributive/Relative Clause | |||
|
Adverbial Clause | |||
|
Kindofclause Тип придаточного предложения |
Usual conjunctions Обычные союзы |
Examples Примеры | |
|
Subject Clause |
Who, which, what, where, when, how, why, etc. |
What is done cannot be undone. | |
|
Predicative Clause |
That, if, whether, as if, etc. |
The truth was that he didn't love her. | |
|
Object Clause |
who, which, what, that, etc. |
I don't know what happened yesterday. | |
|
Attributive/Relative Clause |
Who, whose, which,that, where, when, etc. |
He is the customer whose address I lost. | |
Существуютразличныетипыпридаточныхобстоятельственныхпредложений:
|
Kind of an Adverbial Clause Типпридаточногопредложения |
Usual conjunctions Обычные союзы |
Examples Примеры |
|
Time Clause |
when, before, after, since, while, as soon as, once |
When he had gone, she sighed. I'll call you as soon as you come home. |
|
Conditional Clause |
if, unless |
What will I do if he doesn’t come? I'll go to the country unless it rains. |
|
Purpose Clause |
in order to, so that |
The police locked the door so (that) no one could get in. |
|
Reason Clause |
because, since, as |
Since it was Sunday, he stayed in bed. |
|
Result Clause |
so that |
She got such a shock that she fainted. |
|
Concession Clause |
(al)though, in spite of the fact, while |
Though he is French, he speaks English well. |
|
Place Clause |
where, wherever |
He said he was happy where he was. |