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27. Look at the following abbreviations from the text. What do they stand for?

OSCE; APEC; CIS; UN; EU; NATO; ICBM; U.S.

28. Consult the dictionary and find their definitions. Write down them into your copybooks.

29. What is the English for:

  • ОБСЕ, Организация по безопасности и сотрудничеству в Европе

  • АТЭС, Азиатско-тихоокеанское экономическое сотрудничество

  • СНГ, Содружество Независимых Государств

  • ООН, Организация Объединённых Наций

  • ЕС, Европейский союз

  • НАТО, Североатлантический союз

  • МБР, межконтинентальная баллистическая ракета

  • США, Соединенные штаты Америки

30. Match the facts from the text “Foreign relations and military” with the following figures.

1.037; 30; 26; 2008; 70; 2010; 200; 2015.

31. In pairs. Ask and answer your own questions using information from the text.

32. Group work. Discuss the perspectives of Russian economic development. Use all information you have learnt from the previous texts and exercises.

33. Write an essay on the topic above.

34. What do you know about our region economy? What industries do you consider to be the most important?

35. Find the information about one of the Omsk industrial enterprises. Make up a dialogue. Imagine you are talking to a foreigner. You may use the following words:

to be situated; products; to produce; industry; to belong to; to develop; environment restrictions; to satisfy; to work; enterprise; to want; the future plans etc.

36. Read the text about the development of Omsk Metro. Give its summary. Compare with your partner’s.

Omsk Metro (Omsky metropoliten) is currently under construction in Omsk, Russia. After long delays, the first section is scheduled to open in 2010, which will make it Siberia's second metropolitan underground railway system after the Novosibirsk Metro system that was opened in the mid 1980s.

Central planners in Moscow first identified Omsk as a metro-eligible city during the 1960s, due to its length along the Irtysh River and its relatively narrow streets. But after the plan was approved and financed, the planners decided to build an express tram instead, and the money allocated to Omsk was given to Chelyabinsk. In 1979, a Gosplan commission rejected a plan to build an express tram system since it was predicted to be unable to handle projected passenger flows without severely discomforting riders. In 1986, metro plans were revisited and financing began, along with the demolition of residential buildings to make way for tracks and a yard.

Construction began in 1992 between the stations Tupolevskaya (Russian: Туполевская) and Rabochaya (Russian: Рабочая ~ Workers' Station). The initial plans involved opening the section between the stations Marshala Zhukova and Rabochaya on the right bank of the Irtysh River to connect downtown to the manufacturing district, and then later to connect the line to the opposite bank of the Irtysh. Due to poor financial circumstances, by 2003 just the section between Tupolevskaya and Rabochaya was completed (with no intermediate stations). At this time the plans changed and the authorities decided to connect the two banks of the Irtsh with a metro bridge, going between one station on the right bank and three on the left bank. The combined metro (lower level) and motor-vehicle (upper level) bridge was built and opened to vehicular traffic in 2005.

The current phase of construction involves four stations:

  • Biblioteka Imeni Pushkina (Библиотека имени Пушкина ~ Pushkin Library)

  • Zarechnaya (Заречная ~ Over the River)

  • Kristall (Кристалл)

  • Sobornaya (Соборная ~ Cathedral Station)

This section is 6.1 km in length. The average speed is expected to be 36 km/h and travel time along the entire route is expected to be 10 minutes 12 seconds. Daily ridership is projected at 190,000 passengers and yearly ridership at 69 million.

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