2. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs:

1. The United States today has evolved a mixed system… private and government responsibility ... health care. 2. Public funds finance much ... the research ... the artificial heart, but it was a private corporation, Humana, which paid ... artificial heart surgery and patient care. 3. ... five… … every six workers … their families, are covered... group insurance plans, paid the employer and employee or... the employee alone. 4. ... return, the insurance company covers most major medical costs …a minimum amount, called the "deductible", which the employee pays each year ... insurance coverage begins. 5. Benefits then cover a certain percentage ... 80 percent ... the patient's bills ... excess ... the deductible. 6. An HMO is staffed ... a group ...physicians who agree ... provide all ... an individual's medical care ... set fee paid… …. 7. As is the case …the rest... the health care system in the United States, Medicare has felt the pressure …rising costs. 8. Instead ... paying hospitals ... a vague formula called "reasonable charges", Medicare now paying … … the patient's diagnosis. 9. ... addition to controlling costs, the United States confronts the problem ... those who cannot afford private health insurance and yet are not eligible ... either Medicaid or Medicare. 10. Most physicians have a contractual relationship ... one or more hospitals ... the community. 11. They still face three ... five years ...residency ... a hospital, the first year ... an intern, an apprentice-physician. 12. The health care system… the United States today is ... a period ... rapid change ... many fronts. 13. As the number of medical specialties has grown ... recent years, patients ... have found it frustrating ... deal ... a number ... different physicians ... different ailments, the traditional family physician. 14. Or do they simply draw patients ... sufficient funds or health insurance non-profit and public hospitals, leaving these institutions ... cope ... the poorest and sickest patients? 15. While some groups might benefit ... funds spent ... improve medical care further, many people feel that differences ... the way people live account ... much ... the health gap ... rich and middle class and the poor. 16. ... a nation ... which more than 11 percent of the Gross National Product (the value ... all goods and services) is spent... medical services ... all kinds, Americans are ... agreement ... one central point: Quality, affordable health care must be available ... everyone.

3. Translate into Russian using active vocabulary:

1. Last November, the foundation opened a free clinic in Los Angeles to help people who cannot afford America's high cost of medical care. 2. Although most patients are Chinese, the clinic is actively reaching out to other ethnic groups such as Hispanics and African Americans. 3. About the only restriction is for eligible patients to earn less than US $10, 000 per year. Also, they mist be without access to medical insurance. 4. Founded entirely with private donations, the clinic is outfitted with new medical equipment and spends an average of US $75 per month on each patient. 5. The foundation operates a general hospital that provides free medical care to the poor. 6. Because the clinic encourages appointments, there is usually time to screen patient for their eligibility. 7. Staffed with one part-time physician, two full-time administrators, the clinic also uses a large group of volunteer medical personnel.

4. Follow the pattern:

Public funds financed much of the research on the artificial heart. Federal administration financed much of the research on the problems in fundamental physics. Our company financed much of the research on new fiber optic devices.

There was, in fact, a developing surplus o/medical doctors. Mexico has a large surplus of oil. The family has a surplus o/furniture stored in the attic.

Such family physicians can diagnose and treat many kinds of illnesses. The doctor diagnosed my illness as a rare bone disease. The symptoms were easy to diagnose.

4. Match the synonyms:

Artificial - progress; benefit - emergency; to reward - to differ; advance - profit; incentive - invalid; vague formula - evaluation; estimate - goad; extreme situation - ambiguous phrase; handicapped - synthetic; to vary - to compensate.

4. Match the antonyms:

Would-be physicians - inner urban areas; to charge a fee - to keep costs down; to be close to the poverty line - to raise prices; to do well - to work free of charge; remote rural areas - retired doctors; to be still in training - to establish a medical practice; to complete a university degree -not to practice any longer.

4. Say if it is true or false; correct if false:

1. Profit-making corporations are playing an increasingly large role in providing medical care. 2. The health service system in the US is currently stagnant. 3. Such family physicians can diagnose and treat common diseases. 4. One part of Medicare covers all hospital costs for the elderly and is financed by a portion of the Social Security Tax. 5. An HMO is staffed by a group of volunteers who agree to treat an individual free of charge. 6. About five out of every six workers are covered by Medicaid. 7. Public funds financed much of the research on the artificial heart. 8. Both liberal and conservative critics agree that the medical profession has been given too little freedom in determining the cost of medical care. 9. Salaried doctors are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. 10. Physicians are among the worst paid professionals in the United States. 11. Setting up a medical practice is expensive. 12. Medicaid has greatly decreased the use of health care services by the poor. 13. Another type of health care plan available to many workers is a Health Maintenance Organization. 14. Physicians often prefer to practice in remote rural areas or comfortable suburbs. 15. By the mid-1980s, the United States still faced a shortage of physicians.