- •Часть II
- •Пояснительная записка
- •Contents
- •1.3 Match the phrase from column a with its meaning from column b.
- •1.4 Read the text and make up its plan. Draw three schemes on the first paragraph of the text.
- •1.5 Read text 1.4 again, find English equivalents to the Russian words.
- •1.6 Read the text once more and match the following words from a to their meanings from b.
- •1.7 What do the following words refer to? Read the sentences with them.
- •1.8 Complete the sentences from the text above.
- •1.9 Answer the questions to the text.
- •1.10 Read the text and find additional information about biology.
- •1.12 Retell text 1.4 according to your plan and add some more information from text 1.10.
- •1.13 Look at these words that appear in the text. Check the meaning and the pronunciation of any unknown words in the dictionary.
- •1.14 Match the phrases from column a with their meanings from column b.
- •1.15 Read and give the title to the text below, draw the schemes to the first paragraph of the text and make up the plan of its second paragraph.
- •1.16 Match the words from column a with its meaning from column b
- •1.17 Answer the following questions using the information from
- •1.18 Work in groups. Read the text and say what new information about plants and animals you have got from it:
- •1.19 Complete the gaps in the following text with the words from
- •1.20 Match Russian sentences from part a (1–12) with their English equivalents from part b (a–I).
- •Remember:
- •1.21 Form the plural of the following nouns:
- •The Passive Voice
- •1.22 Read and translate the following sentences, paying attention to the use of the Passive forms.
- •1.24 State the tense and voice of the verbs.
- •1.25 Open the brackets using the correct form of the verbs in the Passive Voice.
- •1.26 Complete the sentences with the correct form of one of the verbs given below, using the Passive Voice.
- •1.27 How can animals in danger be saved from extinction? This is what happened to the oryx. Complete the text by putting the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the passive.
- •1.28 Use the verbs in brackets in the correct form (Active or Passive Voice).
- •The Natural World. Plants and Animals
- •2.5 Using the text, give characteristics to all groups of vertebrates
- •2.6 Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words given below:
- •The world around us
- •2.7 Read and correct the sentences:
- •2.12 Read the text about mammals and answer the questions. Mammals
- •2.13 Answer the questions:
- •2.14 Translate the following words into Russian. Then complete the columns:
- •2.15 Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •2.16 Match the verbs in a with their meanings in b, then use these verbs in the right form in the sentences below.
- •2.17 Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- •Неличные формы глагола
- •Неличные формы глагола и синтаксические обороты
- •Формы инфинитива
- •2.18 Pay attention to the use of the Active Infinitive in the following sentences, state its function and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2.19 Pay attention to the use of the Passive Infinitive in the following sentences, state its function and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2.20 Open the brackets using the correct form of the Infinitive.
- •2.21 Underline the Complex Subject with the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2.22 Underline the Complex Object with the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •The Classifications of Living Things
- •Animal kingdom
- •Plant kingdom
- •3.8 Look through the text and choose the most suitable heading from the list 1- 5 for each part a-d of the text. There is an extra heading that you do not need to use.
- •3.9 You are going to read the text. Check the meaning and pronounciation of the words in the dictionary.
- •3.10 Match the phrase in column a with its definition in column b.
- •3.11 Read the text and define its main idea: linnean system of classification
- •3.12 Find the pairs of synonyms:
- •3.13 Complete the sentences:
- •3.14 Work in pairs:
- •3.15 Read the text and answer the questions.
- •3.16 Speak on the topics:
- •3.17 Match the words in a with their meanings in b.
- •3.18 Match each animal from the box with the animal group it belongs to. Some animals can be used more than once.
- •What is a mammal?
- •3.20 Match each of these parts of body (a-d) to an animal from the box.
- •3.22 State whether ing-forms are gerunds, verbal nouns or participles.
- •3.23 Read the sentences, explain the use of the Gerund and translate them into Russian.
- •3.24 Use the Gerund of the verbs in brackets.
- •3.25 Complete the sentences using the Gerund.
- •4.4 Find in the text the words or phrases similar to the following words:
- •4.5 Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •4.6 Complete the sentences
- •4.7 Read and translate the following text without a dictionary and guess the meaning of the underlined words:
- •4.8 Read the text and fill in the gaps, using the words below:
- •4.9 Translate the following passages and entitle them:
- •4.10 Entitle the text and get ready to answer the questions.
- •4.11 Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words given below:
- •4.12 Translate the text without a dictionary and guess the meaning of the underlined words: Cell components
- •4.14 Reproduce in your own words:
- •4.15 Compose short dialogues for the following imaginary situations:
- •4.16 State the functions of Participle I. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •4.17 State the functions of Participle II. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •4.19 Find the Nominative Absolute Participial Constructions, analyze what their elements are expressed by and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •4.20 Translate the text into Russian, paying attention to the Participles: Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Systems
- •4.21 Translate the following sentences into Russian and substitute the Absolute Participle Construction by clauses and vice versa.
- •4.22 Translate into Russian:
- •4.23 Note the use of verbals in translate them into Russian. Prehistoric plants
- •Biology
- •3. Read the text and answer the question:
- •What is Biology
- •4. Read the text and tell about the differences in sensitivity of plants and animals.
- •8. Read the text and find English equivalents to the Russian sentences:
- •Respiration
- •9. Read the text and find English equivalents to the Russian words:
- •Excretion
- •10. Read the text and answer the questions. Growth
- •11. Read the text and tell about homeostasis. Maintaining life
- •Where Organisms Live?
- •Animal inhabitants of the british isles
- •3. Read the text and answer the questions:
- •Selling ivory
- •In the text above find the underlined words, which are close in meaning to those below:
- •4. Do the crossword.
- •5. Study the meanings of these four related verbs.
- •In some cases more than one answer is possible.
- •6. Translate the following texts, using your dictionary. Fill in the gaps with the words given below:
- •6. Read the text, classify the animals (reptiles, birds, etc.) and speak on the peculiarities of Britain's fauna. Animal inhabitants of the british isles
- •7. Read the text and pick out words that can be used in description of a bird (e. G. Feathers, to fly, etc.). Then give a short summary of the text. The long history of birds
- •8. Read the text and speak on the evolution of the birds in Australia. Australia's birds
- •9. Read the text and match the two words in bold with their definitions given below.
- •The eggs — a living masterpiece
- •10. Read the text, fill in the gaps with the words from the box and explain the underlined word.
- •11. In the texts below, fill in the blanks with "male(s)" or "female(s)". The singing humpback whale
- •12. The paragraphs below are mixed up. Join the paragraphs so as to get a whole text. Begin with paragraph 2.
- •13. Read the text and match the titles with the paragraphs:
- •14. Read the text and choose the most suitable heading from the list a-c for each part 1 – 3 of the text.
- •15. Read the text and do the assignments that follow it.
- •Carolus Linnaeus
- •Simple Organisms
- •3. Read the text and say if the sentences are true or false; correct false sentences.
- •Invertebrates
- •4. Read the text make up its plan and answer the questions.
- •6. Read the text, tell about characteristic features of amphibians and the differences between frogs and toads; find English equivalents to the Russian expressions:
- •Amphibians
- •Arthropods
- •Reptiles
- •Mammals
- •Nonflowering Plants
- •Flowering Plants
- •3. Read the text, make up its plan and match English words in a with their English equivalents in b The Cell
- •The stuff of life
- •Vocabulary
- •Bibliography
- •Английский язык
- •Часть II
- •Подписано в печать Тираж зкз.
- •625003, Тюмень, Семакова, 10.
11. In the texts below, fill in the blanks with "male(s)" or "female(s)". The singing humpback whale
A. When a ... Humpback reaches the breeding areas off the east and west coasts of Australia, it sings a song which lasts from six to 35 minutes and may be heard underwater up to 185 kilometres away. All ... in an area sing the same song. The song changes from season to season. ... gather around ... to compete for their attention and leap from the water and roll in mid-air. After mating, the whales migrate to the Antarctic and spend three to four months feeding on krill, then swim north again. A ... gives birth just under 12 months
after mating. The young one suckles for seven months and stays with its mother for up to three years.
B. The Australian Brush-turkey lives in forest. The ... defends a mound and will only allow a ... onto it to lay an egg when he considers the internal temperature is suitable. She may lay in several mounds in an area.
С. Emus move from place to place according to the availability of their plant and insect food. The ... courts the ... , mates with him, then lays up to 15 green eggs. During the 55 days during which the ... incubates, he does not eat, drink nor defecate. The young feed themselves, and stay with the ... for up to 6 months.
12. The paragraphs below are mixed up. Join the paragraphs so as to get a whole text. Begin with paragraph 2.
1. Dolphins are small, torpedo-shaped, toothed cetaceans, which catch fish and other prey using between 100 and 200 sharply pointed teeth.
2. Dolphins, porpoises and whales make up a group called cetaceans ("whale-like animals"), which spend their whole lives in the sea.
3. Dolphins use their own form of echolocation to find out about their surroundings and to locate fish, squid and other prey.
4. Dolphins are highly social and intelligent mammals, which seem to enjoy the company of humans.
5. At the top of the head is a single nostril or blow hole. In the forehead of most species is a fatty, oil-filled "melon", used in echolocation.
6. Dolphins are sociable creatures which often live in groups called pods. They communicate with each other, using high-pitched whistles.
7. There are many stories of dolphins, "helping" distressed human swimmers (if a dolphin is injured, others of its pod will support it and lift it to the surface so it can breathe).
13. Read the text and match the titles with the paragraphs:
Gum leaf gourmet.
At home up in the gum trees.
A Koala grows up.
A very restricted diet.
Koala.
(1) During the 19th and early 20th centuries, millions of Koalas were killed and their skins exported. The Koala became scarce in some areas, extinct in others. Today, the Koala is a general favourite with Australians and a prime attraction for overseas tourists and energetic efforts are being made to conserve it.
(2) Since the species depends on a limited number of species of eucalypt trees for food, preserving adequate numbers of wild Koalas depends on preserving their habitat.
Fossil evidence shows that Koala ancestors lived in rainforests. However, as Australia became drier, the Koala adapted to eat the leaves of the eucalypt trees which replaced much of the rainforests.
(3) A Koala carefully selects a leaf, nips it off, then grinds it up with its molar teeth before swallowing it. The toxic substances which exist in eucalypt leaves are filtered from the Koala's blood by its liver and finally are excreted in its urine. Tiny micro-organisms in the Koala's lengthy caecum ferment the eucalypt leaf fiber and allow the Koala to use the carbohydrates (starches and sugars) it contains. The adult Koala eats for around hours each day and sleeps for just under 20 hours. The remaining one per cent of a Koala's time is used for climbing, changing trees or finding a mate.
(4) A newborn Koala is bee-sized; it weighs about half a gram and is less than 2 cm long. It stays attached to the nipple for 13 weeks and its eyes open at around 22 weeks. The baby's gut acquires the micro-organisms needed to break down leaves when it eats special droppings called "pap" produced by its mother and its teeth appear when it is about 24 weeks old. It will remain in the pouch for another month and be independent of its mother at about one year of age.
(5) A Koala relies on its thick fur to protect it from the weather. It curls into a ball to keep warm or spreads its body out to keep cool. Dark fur on its back absorbs heat, while the lighter fur of its underside reflects heat.
A Koala is well-adapted for life in the branches. It has long limbs and paws with rough pads and sharp claws. Each front paw has two "thumbs", which are opposable to the other three "fingers". The hind feet grip the trunk and support the Koala as its front limbs reach for another hold. The second and third toes are fused and used for grooming. The tail is very reduced.