- •Chapter 1. Introduction
- •Support for all 8051 Variants
- •Books About the C Language
- •Chapter 2. Compiling with the Cx51 Compiler
- •Environment Variables
- •Running Cx51 from the Command Prompt
- •ERRORLEVEL
- •Cx51 Output Files
- •Control Directives
- •Directive Categories
- •Reference
- •Chapter 3. Language Extensions
- •Keywords
- •Memory Areas
- •Program Memory
- •Internal Data Memory
- •External Data Memory
- •Far Memory
- •Special Function Register Memory
- •Memory Models
- •Small Model
- •Compact Model
- •Large Model
- •Memory Types
- •Explicitly Declared Memory Types
- •Implicit Memory Types
- •Data Types
- •Bit Types
- •Special Function Registers
- •sbit
- •Absolute Variable Location
- •Pointers
- •Generic Pointers
- •Pointer Conversions
- •Abstract Pointers
- •Function Declarations
- •Function Parameters and the Stack
- •Passing Parameters in Registers
- •Function Return Values
- •Specifying the Memory Model for a Function
- •Specifying the Register Bank for a Function
- •Register Bank Access
- •Interrupt Functions
- •Reentrant Functions
- •Chapter 4. Preprocessor
- •Directives
- •Stringize Operator
- •Predefined Macro Constants
- •Chapter 5. 8051 Derivatives
- •Analog Devices MicroConverter B2 Series
- •Atmel 89x8252 and Variants
- •Dallas 80C320, 420, 520, and 530
- •Arithmetic Accelerator
- •Data Pointers
- •Library Routines
- •Philips 8xC750, 8xC751, and 8xC752
- •Philips 80C51MX Architecture
- •Philips and Atmel WM Dual DPTR
- •Customization Files
- •STARTUP.A51
- •INIT.A51
- •XBANKING.A51
- •Basic I/O Functions
- •Memory Allocation Functions
- •Optimizer
- •General Optimizations
- •Options for Code Generation
- •Segment Naming Conventions
- •Data Objects
- •Program Objects
- •Interfacing C Programs to Assembler
- •Function Parameters
- •Parameter Passing in Registers
- •Parameter Passing in Fixed Memory Locations
- •Function Return Values
- •Using the SRC Directive
- •Register Usage
- •Overlaying Segments
- •Example Routines
- •Small Model Example
- •Compact Model Example
- •Large Model Example
- •Data Storage Formats
- •Bit Variables
- •Signed and Unsigned Long Integers
- •Generic and Far Pointers
- •Floating-point Numbers
- •Accessing Absolute Memory Locations
- •Absolute Memory Access Macros
- •Linker Location Controls
- •The _at_ Keyword
- •Debugging
- •Chapter 7. Error Messages
- •Fatal Errors
- •Actions
- •Errors
- •Syntax and Semantic Errors
- •Warnings
- •Chapter 8. Library Reference
- •Intrinsic Routines
- •Library Files
- •Standard Types
- •va_list
- •Absolute Memory Access Macros
- •CBYTE
- •CWORD
- •DBYTE
- •DWORD
- •FARRAY, FCARRAY
- •FVAR, FCVAR,
- •PBYTE
- •PWORD
- •XBYTE
- •XWORD
- •Routines by Category
- •Buffer Manipulation
- •Character Conversion and Classification
- •Data Conversion
- •Math Routines
- •Memory Allocation Routines
- •Stream Input and Output Routines
- •String Manipulation Routines
- •Miscellaneous Routines
- •Include Files
- •8051 Special Function Register Include Files
- •ABSACC.H
- •ASSERT.H
- •CTYPE.H
- •INTRINS.H
- •MATH.H
- •SETJMP.H
- •STDARG.H
- •STDDEF.H
- •STDIO.H
- •STDLIB.H
- •STRING.H
- •Reference
- •Compiler-related Differences
- •Library-related Differences
- •Appendix B. Version Differences
- •Version 6.0 Differences
- •Version 5 Differences
- •Version 4 Differences
- •Version 3.4 Differences
- •Version 3.2 Differences
- •Version 3.0 Differences
- •Version 2 Differences
- •Appendix C. Writing Optimum Code
- •Memory Model
- •Variable Location
- •Variable Size
- •Unsigned Types
- •Local Variables
- •Other Sources
- •Appendix D. Compiler Limits
- •Appendix E. Byte Ordering
- •Recursive Code Reference Error
- •Problems Using the printf Routines
- •Uncalled Functions
- •Using Monitor-51
- •Trouble with the bdata Memory Type
- •Function Pointers
- •Glossary
- •Index
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Chapter 8. Library Reference |
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PBYTE
The PBYTE macro allows you to access individual bytes in one page of the external data memory of the 8051. You may use this macro in your programs as follows:
rval = PBYTE [0x0002]; PBYTE [0x0002] = 38;
to read or write the contents of the byte in pdata memory at address 0002h.
PWORD
The PWORD macro allows you to access individual words in one page of the external data memory of the 8051. You may use this macro in your programs as follows:
rval = PWORD [0x0002]; PWORD [0x0002] = 57;
to read or write the contents of the word in pdata memory at address 0004h (2 × sizeof (unsigned int) = 4).
NOTE
The index used with this macro does not represent the memory address of the integer value. To obtain the memory address, you must multiply the index by the size of an integer (2 bytes).
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C51 Compiler |
217 |
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XBYTE
The XBYTE macro allows you to access individual bytes in the external data memory of the 8051. You may use this macro in your programs as follows:
rval = XBYTE [0x0002]; XBYTE [0x0002] = 57;
to read or write the contents of the byte in external data memory at address 0002h.
XWORD
The XWORD macro allows you to access individual words in the external data memory of the 8051. You may use this macro in your programs as follows:
rval = XWORD [2]; XWORD [2] = 57;
to read or write the contents of the word in external data memory at address 0004h (2 × sizeof (unsigned int) = 4).
NOTE
The index used with this macro does not represent the memory address of the integer value. To obtain the memory address, you must multiply the index by the size of an integer (2 bytes).
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