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AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Series 46
Essentials
of Industrial
Pharmacy
Saeed Ahmad Khan Editor
AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences
Series
Volume 46
Series Editor
YvonnePerrie, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences,
University of Strathclyde, Glasgow,UK
The AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Series, published in partnership
with the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, is designed to deliver
volumes authored by opinion leaders and authorities from around the globe,
addressing innovations in drug research and development, and best practice for
scientists and industry professionals in the pharma and biotech industries.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8825
Saeed Ahmad Khan
Editor
Essentials of Industrial
Pharmacy
Copyright held by the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists
ISSN 2210-7371 ISSN 2210-738X (electronic)
AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Series
ISBN 978-3-030-84976-4 ISBN 978-3-030-84977-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84977-1
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether
the whole or part of the material is concerned, specically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microlms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar
or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specic statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publishers, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishers nor the authors
or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made. The publishers remain neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional afliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Editor
Saeed Ahmad Khan
Department of Pharmacy
Kohat University of Science and Technology
Kohat, Pakistan
Editorial
Contact Carolyn Spence
https://t.me/medicina_free
This book is dedicated
To my parents who prioritized myhappiness
and wellbeing over theirs, andtaught me to
be an independent and determined person
To my kids, Rameen, Saqib, Muneeb, and
Raa, whose love ow like butteries
around me
To my wife who supported me through thick
and thin
To my siblings for their everlasting love and
warm encouragement throughout my life
To my teachers and students without whom
this book wouldn’t have been possible
https://t.me/medicina_free
vii
Preface
Industrial pharmacy is a discipline that deals with the designing, development, man-
ufacturing, marketing, and distribution of drug products including quality assurance
and regulatory affairs thereof. Development of drug into a suitable and stable dos-
age form is a multifaceted effort of many departments in pharmaceutical industry,
which requires highly skilled persons in pharmaceutical manufacturing operations
and quality management. Essentials of Industrial Pharmacy is written with the
objective to provide simple and easy illustrations of complex pharmaceutical con-
cepts, processes, and equipments used in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Pictorial/
graphical and tabular presentations are attempted to comprehensively present the
available information about pharmaceutical processes, formulation, and quality
control of different dosage forms.
Essentials of Industrial Pharmacy is divided into 16 chapters. The rst ve chap-
ters provide concise explanation about basic principles of pharmaceutical processes,
design features, and operation principles of the equipments used in pharmaceutical
unit operations, viz., drying, mixing, comminution, ltration, and packaging.
Chapters 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 explain formulation aspect and manufacturing of com-
mon dosage forms, viz., tablets, capsules, emulsions, suspensions, sterile products,
topically applied products, and oral inhalers. Moreover, hazards commonly posed
by industrial processes are detailed in Chapter 12. Furthermore, The modied drug
delivery systems, novel drug delivery systems, and the polymers used in these deliv-
ery systems are covered in Chapters 13, 14 and 15.
Unique features of this book are:
• Comprehensive and comprehensible resource for understanding pharmaceutical
processes and manufacturing technology employed for common dosage forms
• Pictorial/graphical and tabular presentation provides simple and easy self-
learning format
• Examples from pharmaceutical industry highlights ultimate applications of key
theoretical concepts
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viii
I hope Essentials of Industrial Pharmacy isan essential resource for students
studying pharmacy and other disciplines of science (with no pharmacy background)
intending to work in the pharmaceutical industry.
Kohat, Pakistan SaeedAhmadKhan
Preface
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ix
Contents
1 Drying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Majeedullah and Asad Shareef
2 Mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Majeedullah and Gul-e-Rana Khalid
3 Comminution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Faiza Hanif and Majeedullah
4 Filtration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Farmanullah and Sajid Hussain
5 Pharmaceutical Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Fawad Ali and Inzemam Khan
6 Oral Emulsions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Saeed Ahmad Khan and Saddam Uddin
7 Oral Suspensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Saeed Ahmad Khan, Abdul Baseer, Salar Khan,
and Mehmood Hussain
8 Tablets and Capsules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Amjad Khan, Majeedullah, and Saeed Ahmad Khan
9 Oral Inhalers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Elena Haettig and Marc Schneider
10 Topically Applied Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Sajid Khan Sadozai, Arsh Zafar, and Sheheryar Sajjad
11 Sterile Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Muhammad Naseer Abbas, Waqar Iqbal, and Shahzeb Khan
12 Hazards in Pharmaceutical Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Inzemam Khan and Syed Majid Shah
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x
13 Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Saeed Ahmad Khan, Roohullah, and Alam Zeb
14 Novel Drug Delivery Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Saeed Ahmad Khan and Hussain Ali
15 Polymer for Biomedical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Iqra Riasat, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan,
Syed Babar Jamal, Atif Ali Khan Khalil, Sajjad Haider,
and Adnan Haider
16 Biotechnology-Based Therapies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Behzad Qureshi, Saadullah Khan, Zia ur Rehman,
and Noor Muhammad
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Contents
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