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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
 


22
b. Paclitaxel:     
ovary, breast, esophageal, pulmonary, and cervical malignan-
        
      


     
23
  

       
to their role in causing cell death, mitochondria have recently
  
instance, the nanocomposite exhibited enhanced activity over


 
       
medicines and NPs that are untargeted.
  
    -
  
numerous siRNA in metabolism, cell death, spread to distal organs, and
immunosuppression in malignancy has been documented.
24
SiRNA has been
-




13.5 AN INNOVATIVE METHOD TO PREVENT TRANSCRIPTION IS
DNA INTERFERENCE (DNAI)

        
   

https://t.me/med1917
Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
405
     
cell lines (breast cancer).
25
  


    
apoptosis. Other applications include rectal, sublingual, and buccal delivery
   


-

       



13.6 TREATMENTS (PTT, PDT, AND RT)
PTT:  
-

a high photothermal conversion capacity that are delivered into the body,

      

          


the morphological and physical properties, such as the dimensions and shape

-

-

26,27
PDT:       

 
 
          
https://t.me/med1917
406
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2




nearby O
2
     
        
21,28
       



Radiation therapy (RT)      
      
   -
        
       

       

    
      



dose administered to the tumor locations until cell death occurs. Addition-

29
13.7 DIAGNOSTICS



       
diagnosis and precision imaging-guided therapy at the same time, has thus

       

nuclear imaging and computed tomography (   
      
        
https://t.me/med1917
Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
407
        



        


30








      
         
     
        
designed to communicate and target the analyte.


antigen (PSA) and miRNA-targeted gold NPs that have been correctly
      






31
     

    

32

   × 10



Copri-
nopsis cinerea    -


https://t.me/med1917
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
 
 

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
     


      


         


change can be measured using a smartphone application.
34
TABLE 13.2 
Morphology Size (nm) Application
Nanostar 40 
Nanosphere 5–10 Drug delivery and bioactivity
Nanocapsule 50 
Nanocore 5.3 ± 0.7 Anticancer activity
Nanostar 7–10 
Nanocapsule 30–40 Imaging
Nanosphere 5 
Nanocube 50 
Nanosphere 100 
Nanosphere 73.8 
Nanosphere 2.04 ± 0.18 Drug delivery
Nanosphere 19 Gene delivery
Nanocluster 2 Disease detection
Nanosphere 20–37 Anticancer and antimicrobial activity
Nanosphere 31 
Nanobipyramid – Diagnosis
Nanosphere 15 Diagnosis
13.8 GREEN AU-NPS IN CANCER THERAPY
 
permeability, minimal cytotoxicity, and excellent stability, green synthe-
      
https://t.me/med1917
Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
409
cancer. Au-NPs typically disperse across the lymphatic system, enabling the

Due to their ability to accumulate in tumors at the cellular level and their
present application in targeted medication administration green synthetic
          


      
    
an aquatic bacterial species (Vibrio alginolyticus
against colorectal cancer through apoptosis-induced cellular death. Flax-
seeds (Linum usitatissimum
         



      

Thymus vulgaris

  Curcuma longa), is credited
 

mediator during biosynthesis, Au-NPs can take on a spherical shell shape


       
cell lines or glioma cells (C-6), and they only released curcumin under
physiological conditions.
35





        
 
        

           

https://t.me/med1917
410
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
     



Additionally, the given Au-NPs generated a considerable decrease in the
       
       

          



      -
ated on people as an antibreast cancer medication.
36
  
Turbinaria decurrens
-
 
37
   


       
  
     -
       
     
Tecomaria capensis-





38
-


Furthermore, since the next-generation sequencing (NGS) data processes
do not yet have these methodologies integrated into industry-standard




https://t.me/med1917
Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
411

to multiplexedly detect proteins and nucleic acids at high throughput have
the potential to make substantial advancements in molecular diagnostics.

       
tissue, single-cell level or organ level.

is a developing revolution that parallels the assay process by simultane-

      

sequencing cost.







to more traditional methods, these technologies seek to drastically decrease




   
pathogenic process begins.


-

in physiological processes.
     


        


  -
        
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2


   
       
   


13.9NEW NANOBIOTECHNOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES IN DIAGNOSIS
It is not designed to achieve genetic heterogeneity in tissue specimen because

        


    
that have been detected and clinical–epidemiological data. Regarding
      


  
39
       

    


various applications, including medical imaging and diagnostic procedures,
  


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       
     
     
    
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Contrast in ultrasonic imaging relies
on impedance mismatch caused by objects like metals, ceramics, or micro-
         
42
-
tion as the nanobased contrast mediators continue to evolve, giving them a

https://t.me/med1917
Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
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Nucleic acid chemistry and photolithography have enabled the devel-
       
devices.
43,44
Using the same expertise that made assimilated circuits possible,
-

45
-
  
46

diagnostic, genotyping, and biomarker-guided therapy targeting have all

45,47,48
Additionally , developments
in proteomics have been made possible by improvements in lithographic
resolution.
49
       

-

           
-
cial techniques.
50

early response to the therapy, biosensors that are exceedingly sensitive and
         
         
       
51,52
For a



          
         
clinical samples. Peptide nucleic acid probes are used in highly sensitive
       
   
(PCR).
53–55



diagnostic applications. A multiplexed method is desired to precisely sense


56–58
      

      
judicious treatment assortment based on bigger data groups, and quicker
https://t.me/med1917