Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Электрические машины и микромашины. Задачи. Учебное пособие
.pdf
ɉɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɵɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢɢ
Ʉɚɤ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɬ ɫɟɛɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ – ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ
ɟɫɥɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɫɹɦɨɦɟɧɬɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ"
ȼ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɧɟɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟ
ɥɹ"
Ʉɚɤɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɧɚɥɢɱɢɢɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨɩɨɬɨɤɚ"
Ʉɚɤ ɜɨɡɛɭɞɢɬɶ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɜɨɡ
ɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɛɨɥɶɲɟɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ"
Ʉɚɤ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɟɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɟɢɥɢɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɧɨɟ"
Ʉɚɤ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɦɩɭɬɟɦɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɟɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɟɢɥɢ
ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɧɨɟɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɢɦɟɟɬɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ
ɝɨɬɨɤɚ"
Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɫɬɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɝɨ
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɟ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɦɟɧɹɜ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɡɚɠɢ
ɦɵɲɭɧɬɨɜɨɣɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ"
ɑɬɨɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɫɹɜɪɚɛɨɬɟɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ
ɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɫɦɟɧɢɬɶɧɚɩɪɨɬɢ
ɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɨɟ"
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɢ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɧɟɡɚ
ɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟɢɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɩɚɪɚɥ
ɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɑɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɤ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɦɵɤɚɧɢɹ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɦɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɢɫɨɩɪɨ
ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ"
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɢ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɫɦɟ
ɲɚɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɝɨɢɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɝɨɜɫɬɪɟɱɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɚɤɢɯɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢɤɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ
ɪɚɡɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɜ ɦɚɫ
ɲɬɚɛɟɬɨɤɚɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɢɜɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ"
ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɩɪɢɩɭɫɤɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɬɨɤ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɜɟɥɢ
ɱɢɧɵ"
Ɉɬ ɱɟɝɨɡɚɜɢɫɢɬɜɢɞɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɨɣɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ"
ȼ ɱɟɦ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚ
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ"
Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ
ɬɨɤɚɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɟɧɫɬɨɱɤɢɡɪɟɧɢɹɷɤɫɬɪɟɧɧɨɣɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ"
ɑɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬɟɫɥɢɩɪɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɟɪɢɟɫɧɨ
ɝɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɧɟɩɨɦɟɧɹɬɶɦɟɫɬɚɦɢɡɚɠɢɦɵɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟ
ɧɢɹ"
ȼ ɱɟɦɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ"
ɑɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɩɪɨɢɡɨɣɞɟɬɩɪɨɛɨɣɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨɞɢɨɞɚ"
Ʉɚɤ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ"
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɢ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɞɜɢɝɚɬɟ
ɥɟɣɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɢɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ
ɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɦɯɨɞɭ ɑɬɨɛɭɞɟɬ ɟɫɥɢɩɪɨɢɡɨɣɞɟɬ ɨɛɪɵɜ
ɰɟɩɢɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ"
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬɩɪɢɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟɑɬɨɛɭɞɟɬɟɫɥɢɩɪɨɢɡɨɣɞɟɬ
ɨɛɪɵɜɰɟɩɢɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ"
Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧ
ɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ"
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚ
ȼɱɟɦɞɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜɚɢɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɛɟɫɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚ"
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɢ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ
ɂȾɉɌɩɪɢɹɤɨɪɧɨɦɢɩɨɥɸɫɧɨɦɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ
ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚɢɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɹɤɨɪɧɨɝɨɢɩɨɥɸɫɧɨ
ɝɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɂȾɉɌ
ɑɟɦ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɣɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ
ɧɵɣɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɍɄȾɨɬɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɬɨɤɚ"
ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɍɄȾ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ"
Ȼɭɞɟɬ ɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ
ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɟɫɥɢɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɟɝɨɜɫɟɬɶɩɟɪɟɦɟɧ
ɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚ"
ɑɟɦ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹɪɚɛɨɬɚɍɄȾ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɬɨɤɟɨɬ ɪɚɛɨ
ɬɵɧɚɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɬɨɤɟ"
ȼɱɟɦɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɍɄȾ"
ɄɚɤɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɍɄȾ"
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɍɄȾ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɨɬ
ɫɟɬɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚɢɨɬɫɟɬɢɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚ
ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɬɚɯɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢ
ɦɵɦɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ"
ɑɟɦ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɧɟɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɯɨɝɟɧɟ
ɪɚɬɨɪɚ"
ɑɟɦ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ
ɬɚɯɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ"
Ʉɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɯɨɝɟ
ɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ"
ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɚɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɌȽɉɌ" Ɉɬ
ɱɟɝɨɨɧɚɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ"
Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ
Ʉɚɤɨɜɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɗȾɋ ɜ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɟɹɤɨɪɹ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɨɣ ɦɚ
ɲɢɧɵɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚɜɪɚɳɚɸɳɟɣɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣɨɛɦɢɧ"
ɑɟɦɭɪɚɜɧɨɱɢɫɥɨɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɟɬɜɟɣɩɪɨɫɬɨɣɩɟɬɥɟɜɨɣ
ɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɩɨɫɬɨ
ɹɧɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚ"
ɇɚɣɞɢɬɟɲɚɝɢɩɨɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɭɢɩɨɩɚɡɚɦɜɦɚɲɢɧɟɫɪ
N ] ɞɥɹɩɪɨɫɬɨɣɩɟɬɥɟɜɨɣɢɞɥɹɩɪɨɫɬɨɣɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣɨɛ
ɦɨɬɤɢ
ɑɢɫɥɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɩɚɡɭ ɹɤɨɪɹ 1
ɱɢɫɥɨɜɢɬɤɨɜɜɫɟɤɰɢɢZ
ɱɢɫɥɨɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɯɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ
F
ɩ
N Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɱɢɫɥɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ1ɢɱɢɫɥɨɩɚɡɨɜɹɤɨɪɹ]
ɉɨɥɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɹɤɨɪɹ 1 ɱɢɫɥɨ
ɩɚɡɨɜ] ɱɢɫɥɨɫɟɤɰɢɣɜɩɚɡɭ8
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɱɢɫɥɨɤɨɥ
ɩ
ɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɯɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɢɱɢɫɥɨɜɢɬɤɨɜɜɫɟɤɰɢɢ
ɑɢɫɥɨ ɩɚɡɨɜ ] ɱɢɫɥɨɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ N
ɱɢɫɥɨɜɢɬɤɨɜɜɫɟɤɰɢɢZ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɱɢɫɥɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ
ɋ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɜɩɚɡɭ
ɉɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɸɫɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɳɟɬɨɤ
ɫɦ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɤ ɡɚɞɚɱɟ ɩɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɜɟɤɬɨɪ ɆȾɋ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɚ ɞɥɹ
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɛ ɞɥɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɢɯ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ
ɢɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɜɫɟɝɨɪɢɫɭɧɤɚ
ɉɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɸɫɨɜ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ
ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɨɱɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɸɫɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɞɥɹ
ɪɟɠɢɦɚɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɫɦɪɢɫɭɧɨɤɤɡɚɞɚɱɟ
Ʉɡɚɞɚɱɟ
Ʉɡɚɞɚɱɟ
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ
ɞɨ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɛɭɞɢɬɫɹ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟ
ɧɢɟɰɟɩɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶɜɪɚɡɚ
ɇɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ
ɞɨ ɤɚɤɨɝɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɛɭɞɢɬɫɹɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɟɫɥɢɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚ
ɳɟɧɢɹɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶɜɪɚɡɚ
ɑɟɬɵɪɟɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɣ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɚ
ɹɤɨɪɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɭɸ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɭɸ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɭ Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɹɤɨɪɹ '
ɞɥɢɧɚɹɤɨɪɹO
ɦɂɧɞɭɤɰɢɹɜɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɦɡɚɡɨɪɟ%G Ɍɥ
D
ɦ
D
ɑɢɫɥɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɹɤɨɪɹ1 Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ
Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬ ɬɨɤɹɤɨɪɹ ,
ȺɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ
D
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɗȾɋ ɢɧɞɭɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɜ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɟ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɸɳɢɣ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɣɦɨɦɟɧɬ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɗȾɋ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɞɜɢɝɚ
ɬɟɥɹɩɪɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɢɱɬɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɜɫɟɬɢ8 ȼɚɜɧɭɬɪɟɧ
ɧɟɟɩɚɞɟɧɢɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɨɬ8
ɑɟɬɵɪɟɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɣ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɫ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɦɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢ
ɟɦɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɭɸ ɨɛ
ɦɨɬɤɭ ɫ ɨɛɳɢɦ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɹɤɨɪɹ 1 Ɍɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ
Ⱥ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɨɤ Ɏ ȼɛ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɗȾɋ
,
D
ɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɣɦɨɦɟɧɬɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜ
ɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ5
ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ 5
Ɉɦ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɠɢɦɚɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
ɧ
Ɉɦɧɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɚɜɧɟɲɧɟɟɫɨɩɪɨ
D
8 ȼɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɬɨɤɢɗȾɋɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣQ ɨɛɦɢɧ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬ ɬɨɤ ,
Ⱥ
ɩɪɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ 8 ȼ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ
ɤȼɬɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ 5D Ɉɦɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ
3
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ5
ɈɦɆɨɦɟɧɬɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɝɨɯɨɞɚ Ɇ ɇÂɦ
ɜ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɬɨɤ ɟɫɥɢ ɦɨ
ɦɟɧɬɧɚɜɚɥɭɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɫɹɧɚɇÂɦ
Ⱦɜɚ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɚ ɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɦ ɯɨɞɭ ɫɦ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɤ ɡɚɞɚ
ɱɚɦɢɑɬɨɛɭɞɟɬɟɫɥɢɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɩɟɪɜɨɝɨɭɜɟ
ɥɢɱɢɬɫɹɧɚ"
Ɉȼ
ə
8
Ʉɡɚɞɚɱɚɦɢ
Ɉȼ
ə
Ⱦɜɚ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɚ ɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɦ ɯɨɞɭ ɫɦ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɤ ɡɚɞɚ
ɱɚɦ ɢ ɑɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɟɫɥɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɬɨɤɚ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɫɹɧɚ"
Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ
Ɉɦɜɵɞɚɟɬɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟȼɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ
5
ɧ
ɰɟɩɢ 5
Ɉɦ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɟɫɥɢɱɚ
D
ɫɬɨɬɚɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɭɩɚɞɟɬɧɚ"
Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ
Ɉɦ ɜɵɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ 8 ȼ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ
5
ɧ
ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ5
Ɉɦ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ
D
ɟɫɥɢɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɫɹɜɪɚɡɚ"
ɑɟɬɵɪɟɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɣ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɢɦɟɟɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɭɸ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɭɸ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɭ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɹɤɨɪɹ
1 ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ5
ɧɢɟ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ 5
ɡɚɡɨɪɟ %
O
ɦ ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ 5
ɠɟɧɢɟ
Ɍɥ Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɹɤɨɪɹ 'D ɦɞɥɢɧɚɹɤɨɪɹ
G
8 ȼ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨ
Ɉɦ ɂɧɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɜ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɦ
ɜ
Ɉɦɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟ
D
Ɉɦ ɜɵɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɹ
ɧ
ɝɨ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
Ƚɟɧɟɪɚ
ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɜɵɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧ
ȼɬɨɤ, Ⱥɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ5
8
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɰɟ
ɬɨɪ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɢɟ
Ɉɦ
D
ɩɢ
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ " Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ
ɢɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢ
Ƚɟɧɟɪɚ
ɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱ
ɬɨɪ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɜɵɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧ
8 ȼɬɨɤ, Ⱥɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ5
ɶ
ɢɟ
Ɉɦ
D
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɫɹɧɚ " Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɹɤɨɪɹ ɢɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟ
ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧ
ɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
ɦ
ɇɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɟɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶ
ɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɭɤɚɡɚɧɚɬɨɱɤɚɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣɗȾɋȿ
ɬɨɱɤɚɧɚɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣɱɚɫɬɢɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ
L
ɜ
ȼɢLɜ Ⱥɬɨɱɤɚɩɪɢɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɦɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɦ
ȿ
ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɟɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɣȿ
ȼɢLɜ ȺɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɤɪɢɬɢ
§ɩɪɢ
ɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨ
ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢ
ɪɟɝ
ɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɟɳɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠ
ɟ
ɞɟɧɢɟɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɣɬɨɤɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ3
ɤȼɬ
ɩɪɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɦɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɫɟɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ 8 ȼ ɋɨɩɪɨ
ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ 5
ɈɦɄɉȾ ɉɨɞɛɟɪɢɬɟ
D
ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɫɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɩɪɢɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɭɫ
ɤɨɜɨɝɨɬɨɤɚɛɵɥɚɛɵɪɚɜɧɚ
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ 8 ȼ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚ
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬ ɬɨɤ , Ⱥ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬ
Q ɨɛɦɢɧɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ5
ɈɦɈɩɪɟ
D
ɞɟɥɢɬɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɭɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɟɫɥɢɬɨɤɹɤɨɪɹɡɚɫɱɟɬɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɫɹɧɚȺȾɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɹɤɨɪɹɢɧɚɫɵ
ɳɟɧɢɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ
8 ȼ ɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ,
Ɉɦ ɰɟɩɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɈɦȼɰɟɩɶɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɜɨɡɛɭɠ
5
D
Ⱥ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
D
ɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɜɟɥɢɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ɉɦ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɧɨɜɭɸɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ
ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɝɨɯɨɞɚɞɨɢɩɨɫɥɟɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜ
ɥɟɧɢɹɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɱɚɫɬɨɬɵɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ'Q
Q
Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɢ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
Q±Qɢ'Q Q±
ɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣQ ɨɛɦɢɧɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɫɟɬɢ8 ȼɌɨɤɹɤɨɪɹ
Ⱥɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ ɹɤɨɪɹɢɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ
,
D
ɳɟɬɤɚɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ 5
Ɉɦɉɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɨɛɦɨɬɤɟɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɥɢ
ɧɢɹ5
ɜ
ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ 5
Ɉɦɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟ
D
Ɉɦ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɲɜ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ
ɢɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ʉɚɤɨɜɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜ
ɥɟɧɢɣɜɰɟɩɢɹɤɨɪɹɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɩɨɫɬɨ
5
5
5
Q
ɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟ
ɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɢ"
ɉɪɢ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ
Ɇ
ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɟɟ" ɫɦ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɤ
ɡɚɞɚɱɟ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣQ
ɨɛɦɢɧɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɬɢ8 ȼ Ɍɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ,
Ʉɡɚɞɚɱɟ
Ⱥ
D
ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ5
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ5
ɈɦɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɞɜɢɝɚ
ɜ
Ɉɦɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ
D
ɬɟɥɹɩɪɢɬɨɦɠɟɦɨɦɟɧɬɟɟɫɥɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɫɟɬɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɫɹɞɨ
ȼȾɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɹɤɨɪɹ ɢ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ
ɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɬɢ
8 ȼ ɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ,
ɈɦȾɨɤɚɤɨɣɱɚɫɬɨɬɵɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɟɝɨɪɚɡɨɝɧɚɬɶ
5
D
Ⱥ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
D
ɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɩɪɢɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɦɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɢɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɥɬɨɪɦɨɡɧɨɣɦɨ
ɦɟɧɬ0
±ɇÂɦ"
ɚ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟ
ɧɢɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɬɢ
8 ȼ ɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ,
Ɉɦ Ʉɚɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɜɟɫɬɢ ɜɰɟɩɶ ɹɤɨɪɹ
5
D
Ⱥ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
D
ɩɪɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɥ ɬɨɪɦɨɡɧɨɣ
ɦɨɦɟɧɬ0
±ɇÂɦ"
ɚ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɬɨɤ ,
Ⱥ ɩɪɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ 8 ȼɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹQ ɨɛɦɢɧɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ
Ɉɦɰɟɩɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ5ɜ ɈɦɄɚɤɨɜɚɛɭɞɟɬɱɚɫɬɨ
5
D
ɬɚɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɟɫɥɢɩɪɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɦɨɦɟɧɬɟɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɜɰɟɩɶ
ɹɤɨɪɹ ɜɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ɉɦ Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ
ɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɣɜɫɟɬɶɫɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ8 ȼɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɬɨɤɹɤɨ
Ⱥɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ5D ɈɦɄɚɤɨɟɫɨ
ɪɹ,
D
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɜɜɟɫɬɢɜɰɟɩɶɹɤɨɪɹɩɪɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɦɨɦɟɧ
ɬɟɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɫɹ"
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɢɦɟɟɬɪ
ɫɬ
ɪ
ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɹɤɨɪɹ5
ɈɦɉɪɢɤɚɤɨɦɬɨɤɟɹɤɨɪɹɄɉȾɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
5
ɜ
ȼɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ 8 ȼɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɦɟɯ
Ɉɦɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɨɛɦɨɬɤɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɚɦ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ"
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚ
ɫɬɨɬɨɣQ ɨɛɦɢɧɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɬɨɤ,
Ⱥɩɪɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟ
ɧɢɢ8 ȼɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɥɨ
ɫɬɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚɟɫɥɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ 5
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ5
Ɉɦ
ɜ
Ɉɦɰɟɩɢ
D
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɤɟ ɹɤɨɪɹ
Ⱥ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ 0D ɇÂɦɆɨɦɟɧɬɧɚɜɚɥɭ
,
D
ɇÂɦɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɬɨɤɹɤɨɪɹɜɪɟɠɢɦɟɯɨɥɨɫɬɨɝɨɯɨɞɚ
Ɇ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɫɦɪɢɫɭ
ɧɨɤɤɡɚɞɚɱɟɩɪɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ8 ȼɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨ
ɬɨɣQ ɨɛɦɢɧɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ3
ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ 5
Ɉɦɑɢɫɥɨ ɜɢɬɤɨɜ ɲɭɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ Z
5
ɜ
ɜɢɬɤɨɜ ɫɟɪɢɟɫɧɨɣ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢZ
Ɉɦɰɟɩɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
D
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟ
ɫɨ
ȼɬɋɨɩɪɨ
ɱɢɫɥɨ
ɲɨ
ɧɢɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɨɧ ɧɚɱɧɟɬɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɬɶ ɦɨɳ
ɧɨɫɬɶ3
ȼɬ Ɋɚɡɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɢ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɧɟ
ɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ
8 ȼ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣQ ɨɛɦɢɧ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬ
$ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ5D ɈɦɄɚɤɨɟ
ɬɨɤ ,
ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɜ ɰɟɩɶ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɨ
ɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɥɚɫɶɜɞɜɨɟɊɚɡ
ɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɢ ɧɚɫɵ
ɳɟɧɢɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ʉɚɤɨɜɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɰɟɩɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɞɜɢɝɚ
ɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɪɦɨ
ɠɟɧɢɢɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ"ɫɦɪɢɫɭɧɨɤɤɡɚɞɚɱɟ
Q
Ɇ
ɒɈ
ə
Ʉɡɚɞɚɱɟ
ɋɈ
5
5
5
Ʉɡɚɞɚɱɟ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜ
ɫɟɬɢ8 ȼɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɬɨɤ,
Ⱥɢɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ
Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɰɟɩɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ 5
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ5
Ɉɦ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɟɫɥɢ
ɜ
Ɉɦɰɟɩɢ
D
ɩɪɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɦɨɦɟɧɬɟɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɜɰɟɩɶɹɤɨɪɹɜɜɟɫɬɢɞɨɛɚɜɨɱ
ɧɨɟɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ5
Ɉɦ
ɞ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜ
ɫɟɬɢ8 ȼɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɬɨɤ,
Q ɨɛɦɢɧɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɢɹɤɨɪɹ 5
ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ5
ɈɦɈɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɟɫɥɢ
ɜ
Ⱥɢɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ
Ɉɦɰɟɩɢ
D
ɩɪɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɬɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢ
ɥɨɫɶɞɨ ȼɊɚɡɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣɪɟɚɤ
ɰɢɢɹɤɨɪɹɢɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ
ɜ ɫɟɬɢ 8 ȼ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɬɨɤ ɹɤɨɪɹ ,
Ⱥ ɢ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ
D
ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
Ɉɦ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧ
5
D
ɧɨɦɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɭɜɟɥɢ
ɱɢɬɫɹɧɚɊɚɡɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣɪɟɚɤ
ɰɢɢɹɤɨɪɹɢɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɩ
ɪɹɠɟɧɢɢɜɫɟɬɢ 8 ȼɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬ ɬɨɤ, Ⱥ ɢɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ
ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Q ɨɛɦɢɧ ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
Ɉɦ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧ
5
D
ɧɨɦ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ
ɜ ɪɚɡɚ Ɋɚɡɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ
ɹɤɨɪɹɢɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɟɦɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ʉɚɤɨɜɨɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ
ɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɤɟ ɹɤɨɪɹ
ȺɨɧɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣQ ɨɛɦɢɧɚɩɪɢɬɨɤɟ
,
D
ȺQ ɨɛɦɢɧ"ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ8 ȼȾɟɣ
,
D
ɫɬɜɢɟɦɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɹɤɨɪɹɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Ⱦɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜ
ɫɟɬɢ8 ȼɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɬɨɤɹɤɨɪɹ,
ɫɬɨɬɨɣQ ɨɛɦɢɧɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɹɤɨɪɧɨɣɰɟɩɢ5
ɉɨɫɬɪɨɣɬɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ Q I0
ɨɬ Ɇ
ɞɨɆ
D
Ɋɚɡɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ
ɩɭɫɤ
Ⱥɢɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹɫɱɚ
D
Ɉɦ
D
D
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢɹɤɨɪɹɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]