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Файл:Практика английской речи = English Speech Practice 2-й курс
.pdf
If I have a choice in the matter, I do things my way first. C A
Success in my job is very important to me. B C
I like tasks which demand a lot of physical and mental energy. B C
I frequently ask myself how I really feel. A C
I make sure people that upset me know they have. C B
Calculate your score:
Total A answers
Total B answers
Ignore all C answers.
A = Caring
B = Influencing
0-4 very slight interest
5-2 average interest
13 + strong interest
If you have more A and B answers, you are more interested in caring for people than influencing them. If you have more B answers, you are interested in influencing people.
Caring jobs Influencing jobs
e.g. Medical e.g. Control
doctor armed forces
dentist police
psychiatrist prison officer
health visitor security guard
radiographer
other
Welfare Commercial
social worker sales representative
retailer
Education Managerial
speech therapist marketing manager / director
teacher property developer
lecturer advertising executive
market researcher
Skill developing
Ex. 6 Work in small groups. Ask your partners these questions:
1. People who work often say that students have an easy time. Do you agree?
2. What is the most difficult job you can imagine?
3. What is the most unpleasant job you can imagine? And the most pleasant?
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Ex. 7 Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions.
1. What is your idea of a good job?
2. Have you ever had a job you didn’t like? What happened?
Words in Context
Ex. 8 Read about how two people came to choose their careers. Pay attention to
phrasal verbs.
At the moment I have a very good, well-paid job that I enjoy doing, but it hasn’t always
been like this.
Several years ago I used to work as a salesman for a small company that specialized
in making motor components for the car industry. It was the sort of job where you had to be
committed to your product, you had to believe in it and do everything possible to sell it. But
times were hard, and a lot of companies were going out of business, so our company
started to cut back on the number of people it employed in order to save money – fortunately I wasn’t one of them – but in the end it had to close down, and I found myself out of
work for the first time in my life. I applied for several jobs in similar companies, but I wasn’t
successful – every one of them turned me down.
Then one day I was looking through the paper and I came across an advertisement for
courses that specialized in journalism. I filled in an application form, sent it off, was accepted onto the course, studied hard, passed my exams, and became a qualified journalist.
I then wrote to a small magazine for the car industry, attended an interview with dozens of
other applicants and, to my surprise, they took me on. The magazine grew in size and
popularity, I moved from writing articles to being subeditor, and this year I became the editor, so I suppose, I’ve been lucky, really.
Jeremy
Angela
When I was young my father always told me how important it was to get on in life and
be a success. ‘You must make something of your life,’ he used to say. I think he wanted
me to be a doctor or an engineer or something like that. And I can remember how disappointed he was when I left school early and started work as a secretary.
It was a small, badly-run company, and when I went there they told me the job wasn’t
difficult and I would soon pick it up. At the beginning I liked the job, but as time passed the
work started to take up more of my time and I found I was working late in the evenings and
even at weekends. And in addition to this I had to put up with poor working conditions and
a low salary – I earned just enough to get by – and there were no promotion prospects at
all. All this really got me down. And then I started to wonder if I was really cut out for this
kind of work – it didn’t really suit me or my particular abilities.
Then one day – I remember I’d been working very hard that month and had put in a
lot of extra hours – I went to see my boss to ask for some time off work. I needed to visit
my mother, who wasn’t well at that time. I have to say that I didn’t get on with my boss very
well. Anyway, he refused point-blank. He said that it was out of the question and he didn’t
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want to hear another word. I tried explaining but I just couldn’t get through to him. He
wouldn’t listen. So I walked out of the office, and as far as I was concerned, that was the
last straw. The next day I handed in my resignation, and I said to myself that I would never
put myself in that kind of position again. I decided to return to studying and go in for law. I
graduated from London University and now I am starting to make my way in the world. As
my father used to say, ‘The world is your oyster’.
So was my father right? Is it important to get on in the world? Well, in some ways it
is, but it depends on how you measure success and what you want to get out of life. After
all there are other things in life besides work.
Word meaning
Ex. 9 Find in the text the phrasal verbs that mean the following:
1. to learn something without difficulty or special study
2.
to make someone feel depressed
to close something (a factory or organisation) temporarily or permanently
3.
4.
to manage to survive and have a satisfactory life
5.
to use or require a certain amount of time, effort, or space
6.
to employ someone
to choose something as one’s career
7.
8.
to refuse or reject someone / something
9.
to reduce something, especially to save money
10. to succeed, to be successful in one’s job
Ex. 10 Paraphrase the sentences using the phrasal verbs.
1. The company has employed extra staff.
2. I’ve decided to make a career in medicine.
3. He didn’t accept my offer of help.
4. The factory will have to reduce production.
5. The bad working conditions depress me.
6. The company has stopped doing business.
7. I learned some Arabic while I was in Cairo.
8. She wants to be a success in her job.
9. Writing reports uses a lot of my time.
10. She survives on a very small income.
Ex. 11 Look at how the following expressions are used in the texts.
What do you think they mean? How would you say number 4 and 6 in Russian /
Belarusian?
1. to get on in life / the world
2. to be cut out for something
3. to refuse (something) point-blank
4. That’s the last straw!
5. to make one’s way in the world
6. The world is one’s oyster.
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Ex. 12 Use the expressions above to complete the following sentences.
1. After four weeks of working in a school, he realised he wasn’t __________
teaching.
He didn’t have enough patience.
2. Although she worked hard and was ambitious, she didn’t ________
Perhaps she was just unlucky.
3. She was young, intelligent, free, and rich. The world __________
.
4. Sarah’s two young children had behaved badly all day, so when they threw their dinner
on the floor, she said ‘____________
5. The Director was rather shocked when she refused his offer __________
used to receiving __________
refusals.
‘ and immediately put them to bed.
. He wasn’t
Ex. 13 Fill in the gaps below. The last one is the name of a profession.
Originally I worked (1)_________
study medicine at university and was accepted (3)_______
(4)_________
(5)_________
mental disorders, and then started my present job. I believe completely
what I am doing, I never take any time (6)__________ work, and I am totally
committed (7)___________
they say, and I sometimes explain (9)____________
Sometimes they start to depend (10)___________
forgot to tell you, I am a (11)___________
a school teacher, but I applied (2)__________ a grant to
the course. I specialised
my clients. I have to listen very carefully (8)___________ what
them what I think the problem is.
me too much. What is my job? Oh, I
.
Skill developing
Ex. 14 Work with your partner. Take turns interviewing one another, using the
questions below. Try to use the following phrasal verbs and expressions in your
questions and answers.
cut out for
take on
pick up
Example:
go in for
turn down
take up
get by
apply for
get someone down
get on (in life / the
world)
be accepted onto / for
A. What profession do you think you are cut out for?
B. I think I’m cut out for acting because I like speaking in public.
a. Which of these jobs are you most / least suited to? Why?
business management
administrative work
teaching
social work
acting
nursing
secretarial work
academic work
b. What made you choose your present career or course of study?
c. What kind of things make you feel depressed at work or at university?
d. What aspects of your work or study require most time?
e. How important is it to be successful in life? Why?
f. How important is it to have a job that pays a lot of money? Why?
g. Have you acquired any new skills recently?
h. Where did you learn them?
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Ex. 15 Finding out about yourself. Which of the following are true for you?
If none of the answers is appropriate, you may provide your own.
Compare and discuss your answers with your partner.
a. How would you describe your character? Is it:
shy and reserved?
aggressive?
confident?
hesitant?
proud?
……….....……….........……………...?
b. What do you feel about other people? Do you:
have a lot of friends?
dislike most people?
relate better to nice people?
fall in love with aggressive people?
find most people boring?
……….....……….........……………...?
c. How do you behave with other people? Do you:
like to start conversations with strangers?
prefer to wait until you are spoken to when you are with more than two people?
dislike being touched by strangers?
prefer to be surrounded by lots of people?
like being on your own?
……….....……….........……………...?
d. What are your sleeping habits? Do you:
prefer being awake to sleeping?
sleep more than eight hours a night?
cat-nap during the day?
think you sleep too much?
find it difficult to get to sleep?
……….....……….........……………...?
e. What’s your sense of humour like? Do you:
find a lot of people funny?
laugh at jokes?
laugh at yourself?
find it amusing when you have an accident?
laugh out when something funny happens to other people?
……….....……….........……………...?
f. Do you like talking? Do you:
like sitting in silence with other people?
prefer listening to people talking rather than talking yourself?
talk quickly?
like telling jokes?
think of yourself as a chatterbox?
……….....……….........……………...?
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g. What is your attitude to work? Do you:
feel you have to keep active?
look forward to holidays?
find it difficult to sit still?
hate work?
think you are lazy?
……….....……….........……………...?
h. How much attention do you pay to your appearance? Do you:
like buying new clothes?
look in the mirror before you go out?
comb your hair frequently?
prefer wearing make-up in other people’s company?
have your hair cut at least once a month?
……….....……….........……………...?
i. How practical are you? Do you:
repair things yourself when they go wrong?
feel helpless when a fuse blows?
like working with car engines?
think of yourself as a dreamer?
like making model aeroplanes?
……….....……….........……………...?
Ex. 16 Summarize your partner’s self-image. Discuss it with him / her to see if he /
she agrees. Change anything you do not agree on. Think of the jobs your partner
is cut out for.
Class communication
Task 1.
You want to change your job. Say why.
Task 2.
Act out a sketch ‘Gossip in the office’.
Task 3.
Student A. You are the manager of a department. And you are reprimanding one of
your subordinates for failing to do his / her duty.
Student B. You think that your boss is constantly finding fault with you and is picking on
you in public.
Role-play.
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"
Writing
Choose one of the following tasks:
1. Write a letter to a friend describing your new job and comparing it with your previous
job.
2. Write a letter to your boss after he has fired you or if you want to quit the job.
Revision and Consolidation
I. Supply the suitable words from the list on the right.
1. __________ is hard to find at the moment.
2. The quality of the food in a restaurant depends on its __________.
3. I work in a garage as a car __________.
4. Nancy has started a new __________.
5. Mrs Wilks is the __________ of this shop, not the owner.
6. If you want to know the way, ask a __________.
7. Who’s the __________ of the Boston Symphony Orchestra?
8. Brenda Mittens was a university __________ at the age of 26.
9. He has a car with a uniformed __________.
10. His __________ at school has given him a good report.
11. What’s the name of the __________ of your company?
12. An __________ designs bridges or roads.
13. The __________ of our shop is putting up the rent.
14. There had been a burglary, so we called the __________.
15. I went into business after I left __________.
16. Gordon is a __________ at the local hospital.
17. Has the __________ given you your medicine?
18. Smithers is a __________of mine at the office.
19. It’s useful to be a good __________ if you use a computer.
II. Choose the best variant to complete each sentence.
a) boss
b) chauffeur
c) chef
d) colleague
e) college
f) conductor
g) doctor
h) engineer
i) job
j) manager
k) mechanic
l) nurse
m) owner
n) police
o) policeman
p) professor
q) teacher
r) typist
s) work
A.
1. The person in charge of a business is informally known as the __________.
a) chef b)chief c) boss
2. The person who is in charge of a car is the __________.
a) guide b) leader
c) motorist d) driver e) conductor
3. A person who prepares food is a __________.
a) cook b) cooker
4. A person who works in an office is an __________.
a) officer b) office worker
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5. A person who takes photographs is a __________.
a) photograph b) photographer c) photography
6. A person who knows how to use a keyboard is a __________.
a) typewriter b) typist c) typing machine writer
7. A woman who looks after other people’s children is a __________.
a) nanny b) nurse
8. The person you work with is your __________.
a) college b) colleague c) collaborator
9. The person who is in charge of a restaurant is the __________.
a) patron b) manager
c) chef d) chief
10. The person who would service your car is __________.
a) a mechanic b) an engineer c) a technician
11. A person who studies the origins of the universe is a __________.
a) physician b) physicist c) physics
12. Another word for ‘a doctor’ is a __________.
a) physician b) physicist c) medicine
13. The person who teaches you or taught you at school is a __________.
a) teacher b) professor
14. If you are one of the people waiting to be served in a shop you are a __________.
a) client b) customer
c) patient d) guest
15. If you serve people who come into a shop, you are __________.
a) an official b) a shop assistant
c) an attendant d) a bank clerk
B.
1. He has all the right __________for the job.
a) certificates b) degrees
c) diplomas d) qualifications
2. She’s looking for a better position with another __________.
a) association b) firm
c) house d) society
3. A doctor is a member of a respected __________.
a) occupation b) profession
c) trade d) work
4. It’s wise to think about choosing a __________ before leaving school.
a) business b) career
c) living d) profession
5. If you want a job you have to __________ for one.
a) applicate b) apply
c) ask d) appoint
6. You’ll probably have to __________ an application form.
a) fill down b) fill in
c) fill on d) fill through
7. And you’ll need to give the names of two or three __________.
a) hostages b) judges
c) referees d) umpires
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8. All the members of our __________ are expected to work hard.
a) personal b) personnel
c) staff d) gang
9. If you’re a(n) __________ you have to do what your boss tells you.
a) director b) employee
c) employer d) manager
10. You can earn more money by working __________.
a) extraordinary hours b) overhours
c) overtime d) supplementary hours
11. It’s difficult these days for a young person to find a well-paid __________ job.
a) eternal b) permanent
c) reliable d) stable
12. She was __________ after three years with the company.
a) advanced b) risen
c) promoted d) raised
13. An apprentice is required to do several years’ __________.
a) coaching b) education
c) formation d) training
14. In Britain, people are usually unwilling to tell other people how much they __________.
a) deserve b) earn
c) gain d) obtain
15. A retired person is paid a __________.
a) grant b) pension
c) rent d) scholarship
16. According to everyone in the __________, she is a very good boss.
a) apartment b) compartment
c) department d) employment
17. Some of my work is quite interesting, but a lot of it is just __________.
a) habit b) practice
c) routine d) tradition
18. If you are paid monthly, rather than weekly, you receive __________.
a) revenue b) a reward
c) a salary d) wages
19. The purpose of running a business is to make a __________.
a) contribution b) money
c) profit d) service
20. Great news! I’ve just been __________.
a) promoted b) raised
c) advanced d) put up
C.
1. Workers who arrive late will be given three warnings and then __________.
a) refused b) dismissed
c) cancelled d) rejected
2. The job __________ dealing with potentially dangerous situations. Are you still interested?
a) involves b) concerns
c) offers d) encloses
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3. Most of the men went __________ in protest at the cuts.
a) to strike b) in strike
c) on strike d) at strike
4. The chief engineer was in __________ of nearly fifty men.
a) charge b) direction
c) leadership d) management
5. Before long I was promoted to the __________ of under-secretary.
a) job b) profession
c) position d) vocation
6. Many women decided to __________ their careers for their family life.
a) give up b) put down
c) give in d) put up
7. They asked me if I had had any __________ experience in this area.
a) before b) preliminary
c) early d) previous
8. Teachers find it difficult to __________ on the small salaries they earn.
a) keep b) be
c) alive d) survive
9. It was terrible – my best friend and I had both __________ for the same job!
a) intended b) referred
c) applied d) requested
10. I have an excellent job __________ an architect’s office.
a) by b) in
c) with d) to
11. I’m on the dole now – I was __________ by the dockyard when they started to lose
money.
a) laid off b) put off
c) called off d) sent off
12. She was a woman of great __________; she was so good at her job that she soon rose
to the top of the profession.
a) future b) ability
c) opportunity d) possibility
13. We’re very busy this week. Can you work __________?
a) extra time b) supplementary time
c) overtime d) double time
14. I succeeded in my job through sheer hard __________.
a) work b) labour
c) industry d) effort
15. I’m thinking of changing my job because there are few __________ of promotion.
a) perspectives b) opportunities
c) prospects d) sources
16. Bill has a real __________ for looking after handicapped children.
a) career b) post
c) inspiration d) vocation
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