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Файл:Практика английской речи = English Speech Practice 2-й курс
.pdf
Ex. 10 Match the words from the two columns.
Note: that there may be various combinations.
full-time
demanding
blue-collar
tough
high
frustrating
factory
hard
seasonal
backbreaking
white-collar
boring
office
brilliant
government
part-time
competitive
rewarding
odd
low-status
challenging
worker
job
employment
business
career
employee
position
work
post
profession
Ex. 11 A. Read the expressions connected with work.
to work shift-work (nights one week, days next)
to be on flexi-time (flexible working hours)
to work nine-to-five (regular day work)
to go / be on strike (industrial dispute)
to get the sack (thrown out of your job)
to be fired (more formal than ‘get the sack’; often
used as a direct address: ‘You’re fired!’)
to be dismissed (more formal than ‘be fired’)
to be made redundant (thrown out, no longer
needed)
to be laid off (more informal than ‘made
redundant’)
to give up work (e.g. in order to study)
to be on / take maternity leave (expecting a baby)
to be on / take sick leave (illness)
to take early retirement (retire at 55)
hours of work
reasons
for
not
working
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B. Using the expressions say what you think has happened / is happening.
Example:
I’m not working now; the baby’s due in 3 weeks.
She’s on maternity leave.
1. I lost my job. They had to make cutbacks.
2. He’s enjoying life on a pension, although he’s only 58.
3. One week it’s six-to-two, the next it’s nights.
4. I was late so often, I lost my job.
5. I get in at nine o’clock and go home at five.
Ex. 12 Who would you contact or call on in the situations below? Try to find the
appropriate person for each situation.
1. A filling has come out of one of your back teeth.
2. You think your eyes need testing.
3. Your fringe is getting a bit too long.
4. You want a portrait photograph of yourself.
5. You fancy a holiday in the sun.
6. Your grand piano isn’t sounding quite right.
7. You want to find a 400-year-old grandfather clock.
8. Your car won’t start.
9. You want to learn to drive.
10. You have decided to sell your house.
11. You want plans drawn up for a new house.
12. You like the idea of new wallpaper throughout the house.
13. Your house is on fire.
14. You think your neighbours just might be neglecting their
little child.
15. All the lights in your house have fused.
a) a dentist (dental surgeon)
b) a hairdresser (hair stylist)
c) an architect
d) a driving instructor
e) an interior decorator
f) a (garage) mechanic
g) a photographer
h) an optician
i) an antique dealer
j) a travel agent
k) an electrician
l) an estate agent
m) the fire brigade (firemen)
n) a piano tuner
o) a social worker
Ex. 13 A. Find sentences from the list on the right which paraphrase each of the
sentences on the left.
1. What do you do for a living?
2. Is it a very rewarding job?
3. Do you get any perks?
4. Why did they sack you?
5. Are you in charge of recruitment?
6. Is it a very demanding job?
7. What does the job involve?
8. Why did you hand in your notice?
9. How much do you earn?
10. Is it a skilled job?
a) Why did you resign?
b) What do you have to do exactly? (2 vari-
ants)
c) Do you work for yourself or are you em-
ployed by someone?
d) Why did they employ you?
e) Do you need any special training?
f) Are you responsible for employing people?
Is it very hard work?
g)
h) What is your salary?
12
11. Why did they take you on?
12. Are you freelance?
13. What are your job responsibilities?
i) Why were you dismissed?
j) What’s your job?
k) What fringe benefits are there?
l) Is it a very satisfying job?
B. It is sometimes necessary to paraphrase what you are saying if the listener
does not understand.
Example:
A: How much do you earn? C: Why did they sack you?
B: Sorry? D: I beg your pardon?
A: What’s your salary? C: Why did they dismiss you?
B: Oh, it’s ... D: It was because of ...
C. Practise similar dialogues with a partner using phrases from A.
Ex. 14 Work in small groups. Ask your partners these questions:
1. What do you do / plan to do for a living?
2. What do the other members of your family do for a living?
3. If you could choose any job in the world, what would it be? Why?
Class communication
Task 1
Speak about the careers of your parents / friends / relatives. Did they ever change their
jobs? Did they get promotion? Are they happy with their jobs?
Task 2
Speak about a career you intend to follow.
WHO IS THE BOSS?
Focus Vocabulary
boss
chairman / chairperson
chancellor
chief
"
headmaster
headmistress
manager
president
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director
executive
principal
subordinate
head
Note: In the United Kingdom Chancellor is the person who officially represents a
university on special occasions; Vice-chancellor is the person who is in charge of a uni-
versity.
Compare: In the USA Chancellor is the person who is in charge of an American university; Vice-chancellor is next in rank to the Chancellor of a university.
BrE AmE
School Headmaster / Headmistress
Head teacher
College Principal Principal
University Principal / Vice-chancellor Chancellor / President
Word meaning
Principal
Ex. 1 Say in one word using the focus vocabulary.
1. a master; a person who controls or gives orders to others
2. a member of a group who manage the affairs of a business company
3. a person charged with administrative work
4. the chief officer of a corporation, company
5. a person presiding at a meeting
6. a person who controls a business, a hotel, etc.
7. someone in the position of command
8. title of heads of colleges or schools in America
9. a person highest in authority, the head or leader
10. junior in rank or position
11. principal teacher of a British school
Word use
Ex. 2 Complete each sentence by using a word from the box.
manager
director principal headmaster
boss subordinate
head
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1. I must first consult my ______________ about it.
2. The ______________ of the department is an experienced engineer.
3. The ______________ of the college is busy at the moment. Could you wait, please.
4. The sales ______________ recommended me for promotion.
5. I’ve known him as my ______________ for six years.
6. The ______________ of photography was awarded an Oscar.
7. The teacher sent her to the ______________ as her work was so bad.
‘HAVE YOU AND YOUR BOSS EVER HAD ANY
DIFFERENCES OF OPINION?’
‘YES, BUT HE DOESN’T KNOW IT.’
Ex. 3 Who is who? Match the words from the two columns.
1. The head of
2. The manager of
3. The chairman of
4. The headmistress of
5. The Director of
6. The Chief of
7. The principal of
8. The director of
9. The president of
a. Studies
b. the school
c. the firm
d. the film
e. Police
f. the college
g. the corporation
h. the Committee
i. the department
Skill developing
Ex. 4. Find out the meaning of the underlined phrases in the following sentences
and be prepared to explain them to a partner in the next lesson. Use them in examples of your own.
1. He has always taken his job very seriously but recently he has become a complete
workaholic
2. They gave her a golden handshake
3. I told him that I was up to my eyes
evening.
4. They’ve just employed a new financial adviser – a real high-flier according to the people in the accounts department.
5. He told me to pull my socks up
6. That Mrs. Bates is a real slave driver
7. £ 2 an hour! That’s slave labour
.
when she left the company.
in work and couldn’t possibly go out with him this
otherwise I’d be out of a job.
.
.
15
PRAISE A FOOL AND YOU MAY MAKE HIM USEFUL.
OLD PROVERB
Ex. 5. Work in pairs. What do you think are the qualities of 'the perfect secretary'
and 'the perfect boss'? Here are some comments from the opinion poll. Can you
add more to each list?
The perfect secretary
Laughs at my jokes
Remembers my wife's
birthday
The perfect boss
Doesn't get cross
Compliments me for good
work
Doesn't mind working late
______________________
______________________
______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Ex. 6. Now reverse the roles: a female boss and a male secretary. Do your lists of
qualities still make sense? Do you want to make any changes? Name the jobs
that men do better than women and the jobs that women do better than men?
Class discussion
1. Would you rather work for a female boss or a male boss? Give your reasons.
2. What is your idea of a perfect boss?
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OR
Focus Vocabulary
#
ambitious
ambition
bored
boring
committed
considerate
cruel
efficient
expert
experienced
When planning your lifetime career you have to consider two aspects. First, what career
will suit you and give you satisfaction. Second, if you are the right person for this career.
Ex. 1 Choose the best variant.
THE RIGHT ONE FOR THE JOB
enthusiastic
generous
honest
ignorant
incompetent
indifferent
just
motivated
punctual
patient
What’s in a Job?
qualified
reliable
responsible
receptive (to new ideas)
self-confident
self-confidence
self-important
skilled
tactful
unfair
One of the most difficult decisions is choosing what to do for a / – (1) work / living. For ex-
ample, do you want to follow a definite (2) business / career, and (3) earn / gain a / – low
(4) salary / money at the beginning, but have good (5) perspectives / prospects in a company that trains its (6) employers / staff? Or are you more interested in taking any kind of
work, because you need a / an (7) income / money? You may have to (8) come up with /
face up to the fact that a good (9) work / job can be difficult to find. In that case, why not
take a (10) temporary / short one? You will gain some useful (11) experiences / experience.
Remember that even if you have the right (12) qualifications / degrees, you may have to
(13) turn down / fill in lots of application forms before you are asked to (14) attend / make
an interview. But don’t worry if you don’t know what you want to (15) work / do exactly. You’ll
enjoy finding out!
Choosing a Job
Skill developing
Ex. 2 A. What are the most important factors for you in choosing or keeping a
job? Put the following factors in order of importance and then compare your list
with that of your partner's.
− a good salary or wages
− interesting and varied work, not boring and monotonous
− work which is useful to society
− good working conditions
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− flexible hours
⎯⎯⎯
⎯
− opportunities to meet people
− friendly considerate management and colleagues
− opportunities to travel
− long holidays
− job security
− good career prospects
− bossing people
− dealing with children
− responsibility of your own
− working with nice people
− getting on with your boss
− a chance of promotion
− another factor – what?
B. In your opinion, which jobs or professions fit your criteria?
C. Does the job you hope to have fit them?
The important thing is not what others think of me
but what I think of me.
D. What jobs fit the criteria that you have selected above?
Put them in order.
Very boring
Very badly-paid
Give opportunity to meet people
Involve travelling
Require special qualification
Caring
Require using a computer
Involve the use of languages
Monotonous
Involve living abroad
Low-status
Require working indoors
Require wearing special uniform
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Very interesting
Very well-paid
Give no opportunity to meet people
Don’t involve travelling
Manual
Influencing people
Don’t require using a computer
Don’t require knowledge of languages
Varied
Don’t involve living abroad
High-status
Require working outdoors
Suggest wearing beautiful clothes
Ex. 3 In teams of three or four devise a list of
а) jobs which can be described as:
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full-time
part-time
9 to 5
temporary
seasonal
backbreaking
demanding
frustrating
challenging
boring
tough
interesting
well-paid
badly-paid
prestigious
rewarding
b) jobs requiring:
an incredible responsibility
a good qualification
a rich imagination
an attractive appearance
a fine sense of humour
a good memory
a refined taste
creativity
strength of body
stamina
a quick mind
tolerance
self-discipline
self-confidence
full commitment
special skills (administrative, managerial, communicative, other skills)
leadership qualities
c) jobs suitable for:
MEN WOMEN
Lorry driver
Car mechanic
...........
Secretary
Nurse
.......….
Ex. 4 Work in small groups. Ask your partners these questions:
1. Is your job (or the job you plan to do when you finish studying) often done by someone
of the opposite sex? Can it be done just as well by men and by women?
2. In our country, which of these jobs are normally done only by men or women: secretary,
clerk, shop assistant, bus driver, train driver, airline pilot, taxi driver, ship’s captain,
building worker, doctor, schoolteacher, receptionist, politician?
3. Can women succeed in the so-called ‘male dominated’ professions? Do you know such
examples?
4. What professions would you call ‘female dominated’? Can men do women’s jobs?
19
Games
)
Which Job Is the Best?
Split into two teams. One team names a job and gives its attractions. The other team thinks
of its drawbacks. Then the second team names a job and its attractions and the first team
finds its drawbacks.
Class discussion
One student thinks of a job, the others try to guess what the job is by using various job descriptions from Exercises
Example: Do you have to wear a uniform?
2 and 3.
Do you work flexible hours?
Step1. Split into two teams. Each team member writes down the ideal job for himself / her-
self and for everybody in the team.
Step2. The job lists are read out and discussed in class. Team members explain why they
feel the ‘ideal job’ suggested for them would / would not be ideal.
What’s in You for a Job?
Guess Game
The Ideal Job
Ex. 5 A. Discuss your imaginary or intended career in pairs. Do you think it involves caring for people or having influence over them?
B. Individually, circle ‘True’ or ‘False’ to the statements below.
Now calculate your score.
True False
I always consider other people’s opinions before making decisions. A C
I like working with statistics.
C A
I never hesitate to help a colleague with his / her family problems. A C
I frequently forget where I leave things. B C
I rarely succeed in persuading others when I talk to them. C B
Most people think I can survive being insulted. C A
In a new group of people, I often feel anxious. C B
I rarely boast about my achievements. A C
Mundane tasks bore me. B C
The main aim in taking part in an activity is to win. C A
I am easily persuaded by the majority. C B
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