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Файл:Практика английской речи = English Speech Practice 2-й курс
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death
dizzy
dizziness
disease
dress
dressing
drug
drugstore
examine
n
adj
n
n
v
n
n
n
v
to die through neglect
to die with / in one’s boots = die while still vigorous and active
to cause death
unable to balance; confused
a dizzy height / speed
to feel / be dizzy
• It made me dizzy.
• I suffer from dizziness.
illness of the body or of the mind caused by infection or internal disorder.
Syn: ailment, illness, malady
acute / common / incurable / serious / rare / chronic / contagious / infectious / mental / veneral disease
• Measles, mumps and influenza are common diseases.
to come down with / catch / contract a disease
to carry / spread a disease
to cure / prevent a disease
to get over / overcome a disease
clean and bandage a wound
to dress a wound
1. bandage, ointment, etc. for treating a wound;
to apply a dressing to a wound;
to remove / replace a dressing
1. substance used as or in a medicine
• The doctor has put me on drugs.
2. substance that affects the nervous system, esp. one that is
habit-forming
to take / use / be on drugs
(AmE) a chemist’s shop which also sells many kinds of goods
and often serves light meals
to inspect carefully (a patient or part of his body), to check for
a disease
to examine carefully / thoroughly
to examine for smth
to have one’s teeth / eyes examined
161
examination
extract
extraction
factor
faint
faint
faint
feel
feeling
fever
feverish
fit
n
v
n
n
v
n
adj
v
n
n
adj
n
Syn: inspection, check
a medical examination by a doctor
to take or get smth out, usu. with effort or by force
to have a tooth extracted
a painful / painless extraction
a fact, circumstance, etc. that helps to produce a result
environmental factors
the determining / human factor
a risk factor
• Can we reduce the risk factor?
to lose consciousness (because of shock, loss of blood, etc.)
• He fainted from hunger.
in a dead faint = completely unconscious
lacking strength;
likely to lose consciousness
• She looks / feels faint.
• They were faint from hunger.
(felt) 1. be in the specified physical, emotional or moral state
to feel well / unwell / bad / shivery / dizzy / sick / stiff
• How are you feeling today?
• He feels out of sorts.
• I feel as if I’m going to be sick.
2. explore or perceive by touching
to feel smb’s pulse / heart
• The doctor felt my pulse and sounded my heart.
a feeling of hunger / joy / gratitude / discomfort / satisfaction
to hurt smb’s feelings
1. an abnormally high body temperature, esp. a sign of illness;
to have a high / slight / constant fever
to reduce fever
2. a specified disease in which (a) fever occurs
yellow, typhoid, rheumatic, etc. fever
having a fever;
• The child’s body felt feverish.
a sudden attack of illness
a fit of coughing / hysterics
a fainting fit
a fit of rage / anger / generosity
by / in fits and starts = in irregular bursts of activity
162
fit
giddy
giddiness
habit
habitual
harm
harm
harmful
heal
hurt
adj
adj
n
n
adj
n
v
adj
v
v
1. Syn: suitable; Ant: unfit
• This dress isn’t fit to wear.
• The ground isn’t yet fit for sowing.
2. Syn: healthy; in good shape
to keep fit
• He keeps himself fit by running every morning.
to be fit for / to
• He is not fit to / for work.
to be as fit as a fiddle = to be in very good physical condition
feeling slightly sick and unable to balance, because everything
seems to be moving
• Just watching these kids spinning makes me feel giddy.
• A wave of giddiness swept over her.
a thing that a person does often and almost without thinking
bad habits
eating / drinking / sleeping habits
to be in / fall into / get into the habit of doing smth
to cure smb of the habit of doing smth
to get out of the habit of doing smth
to break the habit
to kick the habit = stop taking a drug regularly
regular, usual
habitual smoker
Syn: damage, injury
to do harm
• These pills will do you no harm.
to do more harm than good
• There’s no harm in doing it.
• It does no harm (for smb) to do it.
to cause harm to smb / smth
Ant: harmless
the harmful effects of smoking
• He’s a harmless enough chap.
(to cause smth) to become healthy again
(over / up)
• The cut soon healed up / over but it left a scar.
• Time heals all sorrows.
(hurt) 1. cause a bodily injury or pain
• I hurt my leg. It hurts to cough. Does it hurt to swallow? My
eyes hurt. Where does it hurt?
163
hurt
ill
illness
infect
infection
infectious
inflamed
inflammation
inject
n
adj
n
v
n
adj
adj
n
v
2. distress; upset
• I’m hurt not to have been invited. These criticisms hurt his
pride deeply.
3. to do harm; to damage
• It wouldn’t hurt you to say sorry for once.
• I had a feeling of deep hurt.
• I intended no hurt to his feelings.
in bad health; sick
be / fall / be taken ill (with)
disperately / seriously / incurably ill
a state of being ill; lack of health
a slight / serious / sudden / incurable illness
• We’ve had a lot of illness in the family.
illnesses of children
to get over an illness
to recover after a long illness
(esp. passive) to cause smb / smth
to have a disease; contaminate smb / smth
an infected wound
an infected area
to be infected with
(fig) a mind infected with prejudices / ideas
a disease caused by a micro-organism
to spread by infection
to spread / pass on an infection
to catch infections
a waterborne infection
Syn: catching (not before a noun), contagious
infectious diseases
(by / with smth) red, hot and sore (e.g. because of infection)
inflamed eyes; a nose, inflamed by an infection
inflammation of the lungs
Syn: pneumonia
to force (a drug) into smb / smth with a syringe = to give a
needle (infml)
to inject penicillin into smb’s arm / leg
to inject smb’s arm with penicillin
(also fig)
• Try to inject a bit of enthusiasm into your work.
164
injection
injure
injury
malady
malinger
malingerer
medicine
medical
medical man
medicinal
mortal
mortality
ointment
n
v
n
n
v
n
n
adj
adj
adj
n
n
an injection against cholera
to prescribe a course of injections
to give an injection
to hurt (smb); harm;
to injure badly / seriously / severely / slightly
to injure one’s health (by smoking, drinking, etc.)
to injure smb’s reputation
slight / serious injury
• He suffered severe injuries to the head.
to do smb an injury = to cause smb harm
(fml) disease, illness (also fig)
• Violent crime is one of the maladies of modern society.
to pretend to be ill in order to avoid work or duty
Syn: feign a sickness
a person who malingers
1. the prevention and cure of a disease
to study / practise medicine
clinical / social / family / occupational / preventive medicine
a Doctor of Medicine
2. a substance used in curing disease
cough medicine(s)
to prescribe some medicine for smth
a medical examination
a medical student / school; medical skill / treatment
medical care / attention
medical service / equipment / record
a practitioner
Syn: doctor, general practitioner (GP)
medicinal herbs / springs
to be used for medicinal purposes
1. causing death; fatal
a mortal wound / injury, etc.,
that must die; that cannot live for ever
• All human beings are mortal.
infant mortality
mortality rate
smooth greasy paste rubbed on the skin to heal injuries
• Rub the ointment in twice a day!
165
operate
operating theatre
operation
pain
painful
painkiller
patient
in-patient
pill
prescribe
prescription
recover
v
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
v
n
v
to perform a surgical operation
to operate on smb for smth
• The doctor decided to operate on her for appendicitis.
a room used for surgical operations
to undergo / perform / have an operation for smth
the suffering of mind or body
an acute / constant / severe / sharp / dull / steady / sudden pain
to be in pain
to scream with pain
to cause / stand / feel / experience a pain
to ease / soothe / relieve / kill a pain
• He felt pain in his back / stomach / leg.
• He could hardly speak from the pain.
to be out of one’s pain
a painful blow / memory / experience
Ant: painless
a painless injection / extraction (of a tooth)
medicine for lessening pain
a person who’s receiving medical treatment esp. in a hospital,
to cure / handle / treat a patient
a person who lives in hospital while receiving treatment
Ant: out-patient
tablet
vitamin pills
to take pills
side effect of the pill
• (fig) It was a bitter pill (to swallow).
(smth for smb) to advise or order the use of a course of treatment
• What can you prescribe for this illness?
• Do not exceed the prescribed dose!
to write out
to fill a prescription
to make up
to have the prescription made up
• The prescription of drugs is a doctor’s responsibility.
to return to a normal state of health, mind, etc.
the shock
to recover from surprise
strain
166
recovery
reduce
remedy
remedial
shiver
the shivers
shivery
sick
n
v
n
adj
v
n, pl
adj
adj
to make a quick / slow / good recovery
to be well on the road / way to recovery
1. (from smth) (to / by smth)
to make smth smaller in size, number, price, degree, etc.
to reduce one’s weight by 6 kilos
to reduce the swelling
to reduce pressure / temperature
to reduce pain
2. (infml esp. AmE) to lose weight; to diet, slim
(for smth) (fml) treatment, medicine, etc.
that cures or relieves a disease or pain
• I often use herbal remedies .
• There’s no remedy for the disease.
• (also fig) The remedy for boredom is work.
providing a remedy or cure
to undergo remedial treatment therapy
remedial exercises
(with smth) to tremble, esp from cold or fear
Syn: tremble, shudder
• She’s shivering all over with cold.
• She shivered at the thought of leaving home again.
a fit of trembling, resulting from fever or fear
• She was lying in bed with a bout of the shivers.
to feel shivery
• There’s a cold, shivery breeze from the sea.
1.physically or mentally unwell. Syn: ill
a sick person / animal / plant
• He’s off (work) sick.
• He’s a sick man.
sick at heart = very unhappy, upset, or disappointed about smth
• I was sick at heart to think that I would never see the place
again.
2. likely to vomit; nauseous
a sick feeling in the stomach
to make oneself sick
3. (of smb / smth) (infml) bored with smb / smth
• I’m sick of my dull job.
167
sickness
sick leave
sneeze
sneeze
sore
sound
stress
stressful
surgery
n
n
n
v
adj
v
n
adj
n
illness; ill health
• They were absent because of sickness.
air- / sea- / travel - / motion- / carsickness
a permission to be absent from work, duty, etc. because of illness
to be granted a sick leave
two weeks’ sick leave
to be on sick leave = to be on the sick list (infml.)
a sudden uncontrollable noisy outburst of air through the nose
(usu. when one has a cold)
• Coughs and sneezes spread diseases.
• Use a handkerchief when you sneeze.
(of a part of the body) hurting when touched or used;
Syn: painful, aching
a sore head / throat, knee, etc.
• My eyes are still very sore.
like a bear with a sore head (infml.) = irritable; bad-tempered
(fml) to test or examine (smth) listening carefully;
to sound smb’s chest / lungs, etc.
1. mental or physical distress, difficult circumstances
mental / nervous stress
to be under stress
to control stress
to suffer from stress
the stresses and strains of modern life
2. a special emphasis or significance
• She lays great stress on accuracy.
causing stress
• I find my new job very stressful.
1.treatment of injuries or diseases by cutting or removing
parts of the body
to perform surgery
to undergo surgery
emergency
major
radical surgery
cosmetic
open-heart
168
surgeon
surgical
survive
survival
swell
swelling
temperature
test
test
tooth
toothache
n
adj
v
n
v
n
n
n
v
n
n
• Surgery lasts from 9 to 10 am.
2. (BrE) a place where a doctor, dentist, etc. sees his patients;
surgery hours
a doctor who performs surgical operations
a heart surgeon
instruments
treatment
surgical
skills
wards
to continue to live or exist
• He survived the illness.
• We can’t survive on $ 30 a week.
• The plants may not survive the frost.
a person, thing, custom, belief that has survived from an earlier
time
• This custom is a survival of the past.
(swelled, swollen or swelled) to become larger or bulge outwards
• My eyes swelled with tears.
• His face was swollen with toothache.
• His leg swelled up.
• The swelling went down. He reduced the swelling with ice-packs.
to get / have / run a temperature
to raise the temperature
to take smb’s temperature
to bring down / reduce the temperature
an examination conducted for medical purposes
to have a blood test taken
to test a new medicine
to have one’s eyesight tested
(pl. teeth)
false teeth
to have a tooth out
to pull / take out / extract a tooth
to fill / stop a tooth
• I’ve got (a) toothache
169
treat
treatment
vital
vitally
vitality
vomit
vomit
vomitive
X-ray
X-ray
v
n
adj
adv
n
v
n
n
n
v
1. to act or behave in a certain way towards smb
• You should treat your patients better.
2. (smb for smth with smth) to give medical or surgical care to
(a person)
• How would you treat a case of rheumatism?
• He was treated for pneumonia / sunstroke / malaria, etc.
to have a course of treatment
to undergo medical treatment
treatment for a disease
• There’s a new treatment for cancer.
1.connected with or essential to life
• The heart performs a vital bodily function.
2.the existence, success, etc.
a question of vital importance
extremely
vitally important / necessary
persistent energy, liveliness
• The children are full of vitality.
to eject (food, etc. from the stomach) through the mouth
• The mixture made me vomit.
• He vomited (up) all he had eaten. = He threw up .... (infml)
a remedy that helps to vomit
X-ray machine
therapy
chest
hand
X-ray
to have one’s chest X-rayed
170
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