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Файл:Практика английской речи = English Speech Practice 2-й курс
.pdf
PHRASAL VERBS
to come / go down with
to get over
to pick up
to get through
to cut down (on)
to cut out
to put on
to take up
to pass out
to come round / to
to come through
to build up
to fight off
to go ahead with
to wear off
to feel up to
to try out
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS
to be as fit as a fiddle
to feel off colour
to feel out of sorts
to feel under the weather
to be out of condition
to be / feel run down
His / her life is hanging by a thread.
to burn the candle at both ends
to be out of danger / off the danger list
to be on the mend
to be up / out and about
to be as right as rain
to be as good as new
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Part
III
FIT AND WELL!
UNIT 1
F
Focus Vocabulary
Some popular sports
archery
artistic gymnastics (callisthenics)
boxing
car / motorcycle racing
cycling
diving
fencing
figure-skating
gliding
glider
gymnastics
hang gliding
mountaineering
rowing and canoeing
skating
skiing
WHY NOT TAKE UP SPORT?
ski-jump
sky diving / parachuting
swimming
weight-lifting
windsurfing
wrestling
yachting
athletics / track-and-field
discus / hammer / javelin throwing
high / long / triple jump
hurdle races
marathon
pole vault
to race / to run
shot-putting
steeplechase
172
Some popular games
p
badminton
basketball
cricket (BrE)
football / soccer (AmE)
golf
hockey / ice hockey
chess
draughts
Open air games
netball (BrE)
polo
rugby (colloq. rugger) (BrE) / American football
(lawn) tennis
volleyball
water polo
Indoor games
squash
table tennis
gym (gymnasium)
court
course
itch
arrow
bat
bow
club
cue
dart
Competition sites
playground
ring
rink
track
Sporting equipment
paddle
puck
racket
rod / line
stick
shuttlecock
oar
Participants
crew (used for sportsmen rowing or sailing a boat)
national / Olympic / college team
umpire / referee / judge
opponent / rival
sportsman / athlete
sportswoman
sports people
championship
competition
contest
Competitions
games (Olympic Games)
match
tournament
cup
final, semi-final cup
173
Audience
fan (colloq)
spectator
sports enthusiast
to support
to shout for
to follow
Scoring System
best / record / fastest time
to beat / to defeat
to draw
goal
to lose
loser
point
runner-up
record
to set / to beat / to break / to hold a record
to score
score
victory
to win
Words in Сontext
Read the following passage and do the exercises.
How better to get rid of tension or let off steam than to hit a ball hard or go running?
Sport, then, should provide an opportunity for people to express themselves in a way
that is not always possible in work life. It can provide a challenge and can break down economic and social barriers. Thus, a participant can become good at something purely
through his or her ability.
However, these ideals do not always stand up when we look at professional sport. In
this situation, sport seems less to do with enjoyment and more to do with making money.
Top sports people appear to view their sport as a way of making as much money as possible in as short a time as possible. As a result of this desire, some participants are prepared
to take drugs to help their performances – and therefore help their bank balances. On the
Why Do We Do Sport?
Sport has played an important part in our lives for
many centuries. For some it seems as necessary and
natural as eating and sleeping, for others it is just entertainment on television.
Today it is easy to forget that sport is supposed to be
for enjoyment, for the good feeling that is produced when
the body has done some physical work. Many people
nowadays work in offices where they have to sit at desks
for six or eight hours a day. For this reason, we feel the
need for exercise at the end of the day and turn to sport.
174
other hand, without these potential record-breaking performances, sport would not be as
attractive to watch on TV. There is no doubt that televised sport is great entertainment.
But sport has become too connected to big business. Sponsorship, advertising and appearance money for top sports people have all led to a situation where it sometimes seems
that the athlete comes second to the accountant.
To sum up, sport at an amateur level should be for enjoyment and fitness, and should
provide an outlet for surplus energy. At the same time, we have to say that professional
sport seems to have lost these aims and is now being used by some purely as a way of
making money.
Ex. 1 Put each of these sports into one of the three groups.
volleyball
sailing
golf
swimming
judo
cycling
handball
boxing
table tennis
football
tennis
basketball
sports played in teams
sports that can be played
against one other person
sports that can be played alone
Ex. 2 Which of the sports are these people probably talking about?
hang gliding
wind-surfing
snooker / pool / billiards
motor racing
bowls
darts
horse-riding
1. ‘The ball has a natural curve on it so it doesn’t go in a straight line on the grass.’
2. ‘Provided it’s not too windy at the top, there’s no problem.’
3. ‘It is incredibly noisy, fast and dangerous, but it’s really exciting to watch.’
4. ‘You get sore at first and can hardly sit down, but you get used to it after a while.’
5. ‘It’s all a matter of balance really.’
6. ‘You need a good eye and a lot of concentration.’
7. 'It isn't easy at all to hit the ball into the pocket.'
Ex. 3 Collect the words from the list to fill the three boxes.
basketball, cricket, golf, squash, polo, table tennis, football, tennis, volleyball, ice hockey,
water polo
Games played with a ball
Games played
between two teams
Games played with a …
racket, club, stick, bat
Can you think of more games which you can add to this list?
175
Ex. 4 Find as many combinations as possible.
basketball
boxing
cricket
football
golf
ice hockey
running
skating
squash
swimming
tennis
volleyball
ring
racket
stick
boots
gloves
course
court
club
pitch
bat
rink
track
pool
racket
costume
table
puck
net
Ex. 5 Make compound nouns, like this: shoes for running – running shoes
shoes for running
shorts for tennis
socks for football
ball for cricket
winner of the match
scorer of the goal
player of squash
member of the club
Ex. 6 What do you hold in your hand?
golf
squash
tennis
badminton
darts
archery
cricket
table tennis
baseball
hockey
snooker
pool
billiards
canoeing
rowing
fishing
dart bat rod / line club bow paddle racket oar stick cue
Ex. 7 What do you call a person who ...?
a) does the long-jump? a long-jumper
b) rides horses in races?
c) drives cars in races?
d) throws the discus / javelin?
176
e) does gymnastics?
f) plays hockey?
g) plays football?
h) does the pole-vault?
Ex. 8 Fill the gaps with suitable verbs.
1. Were many records at the Olympics?
2. We’ve been
so many times we deserve to be bottom of
the league!
3. Congratulations! How many points did you
4. Who
the world record for the 1000 metres? Is it a Rus-
by?
sian?
5. I only ever once
6. Liverpool
Hamburg 4-2 yesterday.
a goal, and that was sheer luck.
Class Communication
Questionnaire
Using this Questionnaire interview your partner then speak about your partner’s
attitude to keeping fit.
1. Would you describe yourself as:
Very fit
Quite fit
Average
Unfit
Do you think physical fitness is important?
Yes
No
2.
Do you ever get out of breath?
Can you touch your toes (without bending your knees)?
Can you run 1 km?
Can you hang from a bar, supporting your own weight for 20 seconds?
3. Does your daily routine involve any physical exertion?
Yes
No
4. Do you take regular exercise?
Yes
No
177
5. If you take regular exercise, how often do you take it?
Every day
Every other day
More than once a week
Once a week
Less
6. If you take regular exercise, in which of the following ways do you take it?
Sport
Jogging
Swimming
Other (What other ways? )
Dance
Cycling
Keep-fit exercises
Yoga
Walking
Aerobics
Shaping
7. If you play a sport, is it:
A team game
Competitive
Organised
Amateur
Professional
8. Do you possess any sports equipment?
Yes
No
If so, what?
9. Do you / Did you play any sports at school?
Yes
No
If so, which ones?
How often?
10. Do you / Did you have P.E. (Physical Education) classes at school?
Yes
No
If so, how often?
11. Do you think sports or P.E. should be a compulsory part of the school cur-
riculum?
Yes
No
12. Why? / Why not?
178
Look through the information on sports and say in what way each sport is benefi-
cial for your health and what it requires from a person who decides to take it up.
Athletics
All branches of athletics are beneficial. You really need to be dedicated to enjoy them, as
this is not advisable for anyone who did not enjoy sport previously.
Boxing
This is excellent for arms and legs and good for letting-off steam. You have to be light on
your feet, even if you are a heavy-weight, and that may be why most boxers are excellent
dancers.
Climbing
This is good for single-minded, and exercises arms and legs very well. Psychological
make-up is important in climbing – you need to be the calm, resourceful type and have
great powers of concentration. Amateurs must not, of course, attempt difficult climbs alone
or in bad weather – they can easily end up stranded.
Football and Rugby
These are both very good for leg muscles and general fitness. The disadvantage is the
summer rest between seasons. And when you are playing avoid fattening drinks and
snacks after the game.
Gymnastics
These are marvellous for developing a sense of grace and poise as well as being good for
muscles generally. This is an increasingly popular sport which could be well worth considering seriously if you are fit, agile and have a good sense of balance.
Riding
Riding is becoming more and more popular, and it is certainly a good way of getting away
from it all. It is excellent for posture and can benefit thigh muscles. The major disadvantage is that it sometimes produces large buttocks.
Skating
This is great fun, and is good for legs, ankles and general posture and has a definite air of
glamour about it, too. It is, however, probably better started young – children tend to fall
less clumsily.
Squash
This is good for maximum exercise in minimum time. Forty minutes for a game is usually
quite enough. You need to be agile, wiry and have a good eye. Squash is an excellent winter choice as it is played indoors.
179
This is another excellent all-year-round sport. Sadly, many adults forget about serious
swimming once their school days are over. But it is a splendid sport to follow with your
children, and provides good exercise for most parts of the body. Breast stroke, in particular, is excellent for thigh muscles.
Tennis
Swimming
Socially tennis is great fun but you need to be fairly proficient before joining a club. It provides excellent general exercise, too.
Class Communication
Task 1
Work in two teams. In each team one person confesses that she / he is not happy about
her / his stamina or she / he has a weight problem. (Try to describe in detail how you feel).
The group give advice, each student advocates a different sport.
"
Writing
Write about a sport or a game you enjoy most as a participant or a spectator.
The Village Sports
For many people, sport is a question of winning and losing. Note the numerous
expressions concerning sporting success
and failure in the text.
The sports were held as usual on the recreation field, next to the glove factory. Offi-
cials outnumbered spectators, but there were more competitors than ever before.
Maggie was the star, as always. Apart from winning the woman’s sprints and tying for
the first place in the long jump, she was the champion again in the (approximately) 50
metres freestyle, retaining her title for the fifth time. She led from start to finish in the
running – the others didn’t stand a chance – and she was in a class of her own in the
swimming; it was a walkover, completely one-sided. She was across that pond and back
before some had reached the other side.
Dad did well too. There was a field of fifteen for the 400 metres – to the bicycle shed
and back – and Dad was an outsider before the race because he’s unfit; but he excelled
himself and came second. Was he proud of his runner’s-up medal? You should have
seen him!
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