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Файл:Практика английской речи = English Speech Practice 2-й курс
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Whisky
A typical sight in many Highland valleys or glens are the white buildings of the malt
whisky distilleries. No two malt whiskies are the same, and the taste cannot be copied anywhere else in the world, as the water comes from the local hills. Whisky was first produced in Scotland in 1494 and for many years there was a lot of smuggling to avoid paying
taxes. There are more than 100 malt whisky distilleries in the Highlands and it is not surprising that the word ‘Scotch’ (Scottish is used to describe someone or something from
Scotland) is used to mean whisky throughout the world.
c) Word search
Make a list of things that you associate with Scotland and Scotsmen. Compare your list
with your fellow students. Explain your choice. How many of them can you find in the
square below?
T
N Z K V T B W B H
H A G G I S C K U O
W Y T D C L F M R G
B P Q T A R T A N M
R C Z N O X V S S A
F K Q M L O C H B N
E D I N B U R G H A
P R E F B D Q P W Y
R S T F O G K S E B
B L O Q S C O T C H
d) Compare the English and the Scottish. In what way are they different? What
can account for these differences?
e) If you had a chance to visit Scotland, what would you like to see there?
Scotland Quiz
1. The capital of Scotland is
a) Edinburgh
b) Glasgow
c) Aberdeen
2. A haggis is a type of
a) musical instrument
b) food
c) clothing
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3. Many Scots have names beginning Mac or Mc. Originally this meant
a) head of the family
b) son of ...
c) Scottish for ‘Mr’
4. A clan is a
a) type of Scottish family group
b) Scottish castle
c) traditional Scottish sword
5. Ben Nevis is, or was
a) a famous Scottish nationalist
b) the highest mountain in Britain
c) an island on the west coast
6. How many of these does Scotland have?
a) its own banknotes
b) its own church
c) its own national football team
7. The Scottish national emblem is
a) heather
b) a thistle
c) a deer
8. One of Scotland’s most famous exports is
a) lager
b) beer
c) whisky
Ex. 38 Imagine that you and your groupmates have just returned from Scotland.
Recall the places you visited, the things you saw, the things you learned about
this country and its people and share your impressions with your groupmates.
Some Glimpses of the History of Wales
Although it is now approximately seven hundred years since England and Wales became part of the same kingdom, the Welsh people have retained, to this day, their own individuality and their own language, an ancient Celtic tongue whose literature goes back
1400 years (Gaelic).
A deep and fierce love of their country has always animated the Welsh people and, for
this reason, even when the whole of England was subdued by foreign invaders, the Welsh
never failed to retain some corner of their land, some mountain fastness, from which they
could defy the enemy.
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Although Edward I (1272-1307) built throughout Wales castles which served as military
bases for the subjugation of the Welsh people, the Snowdonian region was never conquered.
The Welsh are intensely musical and great lovers of poetry, with a natural urge and ability to express themselves. What could be more natural than that legend and romance
should flourish there? Indeed, the legend of King Arthur, who seems to have travelled
widely on the Continent, originated in Wales.
Word Meaning
Ex. 39 Answer the questions.
1. Can you find in the text two words for to conquer ?
2. What is mountain fastness?
3. What is the opposite of retain?
4. Which verb is closer in meaning to the verb animate in the sentence: A deep and fierce
love of their country has always animated the Welsh people. Choose from: enliven,
stimulate, activate, quicken, encourage, waken, arouse, excite, provoke, stir, inspire,
invigorate.
5. What do we do if we defy the enemy? Choose the best variant(s).
disregard
ignore
scorn
disobey
We
6. What is the opposite of to defy?
7. What can be retained by a nation?
8. Can you find another word for retain?
9. What is another word for language?
10. Say in other words: The legend of King Arthur originated in Wales.
11. Find the synonym to the word deeply in the text.
12. What do we mean by fierce love of the country? Choose the best variant(s): violent,
furious, stormy, wild, intense, keen, powerful, strong, uncontrollable, passionate, ardent.
13. What is the opposite of fierce?
14. Find in the text the word that means a strong wish or need.
15. Say in other words go back 1400 years.
16. Explain the difference between go back 1400 years and go back to the year 1400.
17. Can you find another word for invader?
18. Say in other words: for this reason.
19. Find in the text the word that means to develop well and be successful.
challenge
confront
provoke
resist
oppose
the enemy
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Word Use
Ex. 40 Complete the sentences below using the correct word from the text. To
help you the first letter of each word is given. Some words can be used more than
once.
1. This custom o
2. I
from the South ransacked the town.
3. My family g
4. Napoleon s
5. The plants f
6. The Normans c
7. The old diary g
8. It’s important that the elderly should r
in Chinese culture.
b 500 years.
much of Europe.
in the warm sun.
England in 1066.
b to Tudor times.
a sense of dignity.
9. Although English is spoken everywhere, you will also hear the a
l
, which still f in many areas.
Ex. 41 Write down the questions for these answers.
1. For seven hundred years.
2. 1400 years.
3. A deep and fierce love of their country.
4. For the subjugation of the Welsh people.
5. The Snowdonian region.
6. Because of their natural urge and ability to express themselves.
Class Discussion
Ex. 42 Answer the questions.
Welsh
1. What is the origin of the Welsh people?
2. When did they join England?
3. What language do many people in Wales speak? What is its origin?
4. How did the Welsh manage to retain their individuality?
5. What famous legend originated in Wales?
The Land of Song
Wales has been called ‘The Land of Song’. The Welsh people are renowned for their
good voices and it is rare to find a village without at least one choir competing in an ‘eisteddfod’ or arts festival. The bigger festival of all is the International Eisteddfod held every
year in Llangollen in Clwyd. Singers, dancers, musicians and poets come from all over the
world to compete for the awards, often wearing colourful national costume. The prizes are
awarded in the presence of a large crowd clad in ancient Druid robes. The Welsh girls contribute to the festival gaiety with their national dress – a tall black hat, a scarlet skirt and a
starched white apron. The streets of this small country town bustle with the comings and
goings of visitors speaking many languages.
234
Word Meaning
Ex. 43 Answer the questions.
1. What is the opposite of rare?
2. Can you explain the meaning of hustle and bustle?
3. What can be colourful?
4. Can you think of another word for gaiety?
5. Give a colloquial word for clad.
Word Use
Ex. 44 Complete the sentences below using the correct word from the text. To
help you, the first letter of each word is given. Some words can be used more
than once.
1. The region is r
2. Most people c
3. This species of plant is becoming increasingly r
4. We only went to the theatre on very r
5. It’s very r
for her to miss a day at school.
for its fine Persian rugs.
something towards the new church buildings.
.
occasions.
Puzzle
Find the ten words relating to Wales and discover the word made by the letters in
the boxes. There are clues to help you.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
_ _ _ _ _
_
_ _ _
_ _
_ _
_ _
_
_ _ _
_ _ _ _
_ _
_
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _
_
_
_ _ _ _
Clues
1. A member of a race of people formerly inhabiting large parts of Western Europe;
2. A group of people who sing together.
3. A very large strong building, built in the past as a safe place that could be easily de-
fended against an attack. There are a lot of them in Wales.
235
4. A legendary king of the Celts whose name is associated with the ‘knights of the Round
Table’.
5. One of the important Welsh industries.
6. A member of an ancient Celtic group of priests before the Christian religion.
7. The English king who conquered Wales in the 13
th
century.
8. The capital of Wales.
9. Part of the national Welsh women’s costume.
10. The region of Wales, a famous National park, which was never conquered.
Class Discussion
Ex. 45 Answer the questions.
1. Why is Wales often called the ‘land of song’?
2. What is an ‘eisteddfod’?
3. What is the location of the International Eisteddfod?
4. Describe the national costume of Welsh women?
Class Improvisation
Ex. 46 Work in groups of three. You have just returned from Wales. Student A vis-
ited the International Eisteddfod. Student B attended lectures at Cardiff University
on the history of Wales. Student C lived in a family of a coal miner. Share your
impressions.
Writing
Ex. 47 Write about your impressions of the first three days of your stay in Wales.
Project Work
Split into four teams. Each team carries out a project on one country of the United Kingdom: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales. To do a successful project follow the
suggested manual step by step.
Step 1 Collecting Information
Sourses of information
Course book
Other books
Video
Encyclopedia
Brochures and picture books
The Internet
The British Embassy
236
Interviewing
Interview British citizens, teachers or students who have been to Great Britain.
Note: before the interview make up a questionaire.
Step 2 Brainstorming
Each team member introduces the material he / she has selected
Discuss
• the format of the project
• how to present it visually (video, Power-Point presentation, quotations and banners,
pictures, hand outs, brochures, etc)
• who will present it: the leader (makes introduction, introduces the team members),
other team members (give information, demonstrate visuals, perform)
Step 3 Rehearsal
Step 4 Presentation
Introducing the topic, and the performers
Signposting the main issues
Presenting the project
Answering questions
Step 5 Evaluation
Those who evaluate – don’t grudge the fellow students your praise, yet be frank and objective.
Those who perform – be open to criticism and grateful for it.
Class Discussion
1. Bearing in mind its climate and general character, which part of Britain would you
choose to live in? Is this the same part that you would like to visit for a holiday? Why (not)?
2. How is the pattern of human settlement in your country different from that in Britain?
brainstorming is the act of meeting with a group of people in order to try to develop ideas and
think of ways of solving problems
237
Class Improvisation
At the Travel Agency
Some students are travel agents organising tours of different parts of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland. They want to convince the tourists that theirs is the most interesting tour.
The other students are tourists and holiday-makers who are not sure which part of the UK
they would like to visit most.
Act out conversations between the travel agents and tourists (holiday-makers).
"When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life: for there is in London all that life can
afford," wrote Samuel Johnson in 1777. He would still recognize the great sights on both
sides of the Thames, winding its way downstream from the Houses of Parliament to St.
Paul's, London Bridge and the Tower, down to Greenwich and the sea.
When H.G. Wells wrote in 1911 that "London is the most interesting, beautiful and wonderful city in the world to me," horse drawn carriages and Edwardian splendour were on
their way out. The 20
line – skyscrapers in the city, the Post Office Tower and Docklands, the business centre for
the 21
st
century.
Yet London, the world's capital, has kept its heart. Johnson would still be able to drink
coffee in Covent Garden or meander through the City's narrow streets with echoes of Medieval days. H.G. Wells might, today, listen to debates in the Houses of Parliament, attend
a concert in the Albert Hall or listen to a military band in a royal park
Today London is a sprawling cosmopolitan metropolis, an exciting world which many
visitors from abroad see first from the sky. Down there seven million people are at home,
not in anonymous suburbs but in the Cities of London and Westminster and in districts
which have remnants of their countrified past, with their own high streets and historic monuments remembering famous men and women who built a London which each generation
discovers anew.
LONDON: A CITY WITH A DIFFERENCE
With its unrivalled range of museums and galleries, theatres and concert halls, world-famous
sights and daily displays of pomp and pageantry,
London is one of the most exciting capitals in the
world and demands to be explored.
th
century was about to enforce dramatic changes on the London sky-
Word Meaning
Ex. 1 Answer the questions.
1. What is meant by a cosmopolitan metropolis?
2. Find a word meaning to walk in a slow relaxed way.
3. What is a high street?
4. Find a word meaning spreading over a wide area in an untidy or unattractive way.
5. Find a synonym to the words magnificence, grandeur.
238
6. From the list of synonyms choose the one (s) that is / are closest in meaning to the
word dramatic as used in the text: striking, vivid, effective, breathtaking, powerful, excit-
ing, sensational, melodramatic, sudden, startling. What is its opposite?
7. What is meant by remnants of the past?
8. Find a phrase meaning to disappear.
9. Find a synonym to the word to impose.
10. Find the opposite of the word to deny in the text.
Word Use
Ex. 2 Without looking back at the text, try to supply the missing word that com-
pletes these expressions.
– to wind its ___________;
– ___________ carriages;
– military ___________;
– remnants of the _______;
– many visitors________ abroad
Ex. 3 Complete the sentences using the words from the text. To help you, the first
letter of each word is given.
1. An industrial estate s___________ across the valley.
2. He m___________ aimlessly along the lanes.
3. The r_________ of a meal stood on the table.
4. Highway 99 w________ its way along the coast.
5. There has been a d _______ rise in the number of unemployed.
6. Blackheath is a s______ of London.
7. Only seven people a ________ the meeting.
Class Discussion
Ex. 4 Answer the questions.
1. Has London changed much since the 18
2. Can you agree with the statement that London has kept its heart?
3. Why is London described as a sprawling cosmopolitan metropolis?
4. What is meant by a countrified past of London's suburbs?
th
century?
239
A DAY TRIP TO LONDON
Part I
It's hard to imagine a journey more guaranteed to please than a day trip to London, with
all the excitement and variety that one of the world's greatest capital cities has to offer.
There's just so much to see in London that it is well worth planning your day carefully
before you set off.
Once you arrive you could do worse than act like a proper tourist and take one of the
many open-top bus rides which cover the obvious attractions and help you to get your
bearings.
If you'd rather make your own way around, hop off the bus as you wish.
The tour departs from Piccadilly Circus.
It is difficult to say what is the real centre of London, but many people would choose
Piccadilly Circus. This is because it is not only central but also the heart of London's entertainment world. Within a few hundred yards of it we find most of London's best known theatres and cinemas, the most famous restaurants and the most luxurious night-clubs.
In the middle of Piccadilly Circus there is a statue said to be of Eros, the god of love.
Few people know that it really represents the Angel of Christian Charity. On Cup Final
night and New Year's Eve it is boarded up to prevent over-enthusiastic revellers from
climbing onto it.
It is particularly in the evening that Piccadilly Circus is thronged with people going to the
theatre or the cinema, or perhaps to a restaurant. Many others have come for an evening
stroll. The crowd is a motley one, for it is composed of people of many nationalities. The
atmosphere is distinctly cosmopolitan, and one hears around one a great variety of languages. It has been said that if you listen carefully, you may even hear English!
It is out of the question to tour London without catching a glimpse of Nelson standing
high over his Trafalgar Square, anything from 167-185 feet high (ideas vary, ask the students who try to climb it on rag nights). What is certain, however, is that the column was
built during the early part of the 19
there is no doubt that this national hero still draws the crowds. Crowds of tourists as well as
those famous pigeons still flock there in all seasons, and at Christmas time a vast tree
stands there surrounded every evening by scores of carol singers.
You don't have to search for history in London, there is history around virtually every
corner. The most obvious landmarks are the Tower of London, Westminster Abbey and
the Houses of Parliament.
The Tower of London is an open history book of England. It has been a fortress, palace, home of the Crown Jewels and national treasures, arsenal, mint, prison, observatory
and tourist attraction", wrote the Duke of Edinburgh in a book celebrating the Tower's 900
anniversary.
The Tower of London was started by William the Conqueror who invaded Britain in
1066. He built the White Tower to impress and frighten the English. The Tower of London
brings to the visitor's mind a vision of imprisonment, torture and violent death at the hands
of a masked executioner with an axe. Many prisoners laid their heads on the chopping
block. Among the victims were noblemen, politicians, traitors and two of Henry VIII's wives.
th
century to commemorate Nelson's victory in 1805, and
th
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