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Файл:Английский язык в сфере ЖКХ. Учебное пособие
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practiced. Management is not an academic subject to be absorbed passively.
Even when managers have received degrees in their field, most of their
learning gets done on the job. In this way learning to manager is a bit like
learning to ride a bicycle. Management is a kind of house-keeping. But it is
also home-making in that it involves dealing with people. Management means
getting things done and no one not even the single entrepreneur can do it
alone. The successful manager knows how to get the right people to do the
right jobs. He/she knows how to delegate authority: how to make peopl e feel
good about the responsibility they are taking and the creativity they engage
in. All of us need a sense of self-fulfillment and the successful manager will
know how to give such a sens e to th e peopl e who work with him/her.
All management involves three elements: planning, execution and control.
Every enterprise must be carefully planned before the first step is taken. That, of
course, does not mean that plans cannot be changed mid-stream. The successful
manager should be flexible enough to let his/her original design go and switch
gears when he/she feels it necessary to do so. Execution means that plans are
realistic enough to be carried out and to see them to their fruition. Control is the
sense of keeping one’s hands on the reins of things – seeing that the project
doesn’t get too far out of touch with the possible, keeping people on track,
keeping lines of com munication ope n.
Managers never work alone. They listen to others and they pay attention.
The best way, of course, to know who the best manager is, is to look at the final
result of the project – the pr oof of the pudding is in the eating – bon appetit!
Text 14. Rea
d the text and translate it. Make up a summary of the text.
Use dictionary if necessary.
asy Property Maintenance For You
E
If you want to earn better money from your rented property, then you
should go for regular property maintenance work. The tenant will always
look forward to stay in a safe, secured, clean and decent looking building.
Depending on these factors, your renting rate will be calculated. So, you
must maintain a regular inspection schedule for your property. You can
prepare your own tool box for fixing up minor e mergency problems. To start
with you can have some basic tools like a range of screwdrivers, spanners,
pliers and a hammer. You can even keep some basic tools for electrical
work, a wrench for plumbing purpose and insulation tapes. It is advisable,
that you maintain a stock of fuses and light bulbs, so that in case of an
emergency property maintenance situation, you can fix the problem.
You should keep a pack of drain cleaner for clogged sink or wash basin
pipes, grout filler for leaks, and a variety of screws in your tool box. Finally,
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you will need a decent ladder, so that you can reach the ceiling. Make
sure the ladder is strong enough to carry your weight. With these tools
you can easily manage the minor repairing works, if you have a flair for this
type of mechanical works.
Normally, the floors of the building are susceptible to more damage,
especially if there are young kids. It is a great challenge to your property
maintenance program, to keep the floor and the carpets totally dirt and stain free.
If you can clean the carpets daily, then you can be rest assured about the
cleanliness of the carpet. But, that it is not always possible. As prevention, you
can use door mats at each entrance, and vacuum at least once a week. Hard
wooden floors should be swiped regularly to keep the polish intact. Take care of
the stains on your carpet as early as possible, using a carpet stain remover. If the
stain stays for long time, then it will be difficult to clean. Arrange a professional
carpet cleaning proce dure once in a year.
Most of the times walls do not get proper attention for property
maintenance work. The walls must be kept in good condition as these are
another important part of a building. Simple surface cracks are not a major issue.
You can hide those cracks using wallpaper or paint. But, do not ignore a real
intrusive damage, as it demands an immediate expert opinion. Also, check for
any damp in the wall, especially for bathroom walls. The earlier you find the
problem, the easier will be to fix it. Windows also require regular cleaning up
service. Wooden windows should be painted once in three years.
Plumbing is another important side for your property maintenance
project. Do not compromise with any of your dripping taps. Clogging of
sink and bathroom pipes is a major concern in most of the household. But,
this can be treated easily using drain cleaner overnight, and then flushing
with water. In case of electrical problem, you can work on simple jobs like
replacing plugs, or changing fuse or bulbs. For any type of electrical work,
always switch off the supply first. However, it is better to fix any electrical
problem by professional trained electricians, as they have better knowledge
about this stream than you.
Text 15. Rea
d the text and translate it. Make up a summary of the text.
Use dictionary if necessary.
Rights For Ap artment Maintenance
R
egular apartment maintenance is fully the responsibility of your
landowner. He is very much liable for keeping your unit in an inhabitable
condition. There might be major maintenance problem or some minor fixing
problems, whatever is the situation you must not face these problems while
staying at the unit. Major maintenance problem will be a serious issue which
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must be dealt with urgent consideration. Simple problems like leaking bathroom
faucets or clogging drain pipe for the kitchen sink or irritating stain over the
carpet, will not be a great hazard for you. But, this will increase in due course
making them a huge one, if kept unatt ended at the beginning.
Your landowner must provide adequate attention for frequent
apartment maintenance purpose. The structure of the building must be
strong and sturdy, specially the floors, roofs and staircases. Any cracks or
damages to the building should be fixed immediately. Also, the electrical,
heating and plumbing system must operate safely and smoothly. Skilled
persons should visit your place for inspection on regular basis. Consistent
check ups must be provided by the landowner for pests and insects like
cockroaches, spiders, ants etc. Always remember, if you are responsible for
any damages made on the property, you have to pay for the maintenance.
Otherwise, the amount will be deducted from the security deposit.
Generally, landowners are quite reluctant for fixing up minor apartment
maintenance issues. As it is mentioned earlier, that these problems never make
the unit unfit to live in. But, continuous occurrence of these problems will be a
major source of irritation for you. If the problem is really minor, you can fix that
of your own. Otherwise, you have to check your agreement to find out that
whether your landowner is liable for solving the issue or not? Sometimes, the
agreement does not clearly mention the duties for the landowner. In that case,
you can deal with your landowner using differ ent methods.
First of all, write a detail application to your landowner requesting him to
look into the apartment maintenance issue. If you have any evidence mentioning
that the landowner is responsible for all type of maintenance, attach that
document with your letter. He should take decision about the expenditure of the
maintenance work. Actually, you can easily describe the whole scenario in
details by writing. Give extra importance to the fact that this could have some
damaging effect on the property or on you in near future, which will be more
expensive to fix up at that time than right away. This will make the reluctant
landowner, at least to inspect the problem.
If the landowner still remains reluctant for accepting any
responsibility for apartment maintenance , then you can think of some other
alternatives, by which you can create pressure on your landowner. You can
invite a trained mediator to find out some mutually acceptable way outs for
this problem. You can also talk to your local building or housing agency,
to enforce your landowner to sit with you with the problems. If nothing
works, then the ultimate choice is to make a lawsuit against your landowner
in small claims court. It will be always better, if you maintain a
good friendly relation to your landowner, so that you can settle down
any problem within a moment. In case you totally loose your hopes, only
then you should take legal help.
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Text 16. Read the text and translate it. Make up a summary of the text.
Use dictionary if necessary.
Discuss Building Maintenance
Investing in property is a very good option these days and if one can
rent out the buildings on the property one gets to generate income even
while paying back the mortgage amount. But any property needs care and
this is even more necessary when one has buildings on it. Building
maintenance is the most important part of property maintaining. It is the
buildings that will attract the tenants and keeping it spic and span will
automatically attract better revenues. Building maintenance means looking
after everything from the exteriors to the roof to the internal wiring and
plumbing. So it is a comprehensive job.
Generally the management company that looks after the property does
the building maintenance jobs, and sometimes companies are hired by the
owners. But in all cases they must look after certain things to maintain the
health of the structure. These should include assessment of the condition of
the general building structure, mechanical installations like lifts, etc., utility
services and electrical infrastructure. The necessary repairs and restoration
should follow such assessment and the aim should b e to prese rve the desired
condition. These maintenance work should also include additions and
alterations where needed. These days emphasis should be also laid on
matters like incorporating new techniques in construction, use
of technologically superior materials, and finally use of environment
friendly substances.
The life of a building depends on the way it is taken care of. The longterm repairs and renovations may be necessary for keeping the building in a fine
condition, but the most important thing is the routine maintenance. Routine
building maintenance is not only the most visible aspect of the total maintenance
job but if this maintenance is religiously carried out, the major repairs can be
kept out for long periods. The tenants also feel happy because all the facilities
work well and they hardly find any reason to complain. These activities can be
of daily nature like checking the valves and electrical points for malfunctioning
to carrying out external decorations every five years or reinstalling the roof after
about fifte en years.
People often feel confused with the routine building maintenance jobs.
Queries are bound to aris e about what is the ti me period after which th e routine
repairs must be carried out. There are various periods for different parts of a
building. The external paint job needs to be done every five years to look fresh
all the time, the boiler needs servicing every year to preserve their efficiency
84
while the roof needs to be treated regularly and re-laid after fifteen years.
However, these are not the hard and fast rules to follow. A place where rain is
frequent may require maintenance of the external parts more often than a drier
place. Similarly, the material of the roof decides how often it needs to be
replaced. Therefore, it is best to decide this period with the help of the
knowledge of the local inhabitants.
Finally, management of any building does not only need new
constructions and repairs. It requires money to fund any maintenance projects.
The extent of renovation depends on the available money. Thus, the viability of
a project, the calculation of cost and benefit, arrangement of funds and each and
every aspect must be thoroughly judged before actually executing it. The
manager of the property is the best person in this matter because he knows the
financial health of the property and the physical health and strike the right
balance to benefit the owner.
Text 17. Read the text and translate it. Make up a summary of the text.
Use dictionary if necessary.
Home Electrical Services
Choosing a professional to fix your electrical needs is what most homes
will do, not only because not everyone knows everything there is to know about
electrical needs in homes, but because the work has a warranty and is safe.
Working on electrical problems at home can actually be quite dangerous if you
do not know exactly what you are doing. You also do not want to make the
problem you might be having worst, so having an electrician fix your needs will
save you money in the long run.
Companies that specialize in servicing your home's electrical needs aren't
only for problems that might occur, or fixes you might need, but they can also
help you to upgrade your home. Maybe you decide to upgrade your breaker box
to have more overall power in your room. Home electrical services would be
perfect if you are adding an addition to your home, because you will need the
addition wired, outlets installed, light switches, fans, and the list goes on and on.
The usability of an electrician or company that has electricians works for them is
endless when it comes to your home.
Many families are choosing to set up areas of their house to run off of a
generator in case of an emergency, or if the power goes out. This works a lot
better than just having flash lights, and can also save food that is stored in your
refrigerators and freezers. Whatever your needs may be, a professional home
electrica l service is the way to go for anything to do with power.
85
Text 18. Read the text and translate it. Make up a summary of the text.
Use dictionary if necessary.
S
teel Doors: T he Best Pr otection Door
Everyone wants to have a home to live in - a house where he can find
refuge and safety from the dangers of the world. Every individual yearns for the
nurturing and warm arms of a place he can call home. But the home is an image
of security and peace, and if evil can come into it, its ultimate purpose is
destroyed. That is why steel doors are becoming more and more popular.
Making a home a safe place is not difficult, it is just that many evil
minds are becoming more cunning and tactful, finding more ways of
infiltrating the peaceful sanctuaries of happy families and destroying them.
Because of this, people are developing more and more ways of making the
home a safer place.
There are some who make use of the technology available today. Security
systems, burglar alarms, closed circuit television cameras, and many other safety
protection machines are being utilized to create a stronger force of security in
the home. However, these machines are not foolproof, and once in a while they
may malfunction. Homeowners need a guaranteed safety element in their homes
that can prevent any da nger from enter in g the h ou se hol d.
One of the better options is by using steel doors for the house. Steel doors
are commonly found in high-security places like banks, but their purpose does
not exclusively remain there. As a matter of fact, there are several steel door
manufacturers in the market. It is also a misconception of steel doors that they
are plain and dull, beca use steel doors can fit a lmost any where in the h ouse.
Steel doors are usually made of steel, but they are not necessarily 100%
steel. Some steel doors make use of wood accents and edges, others glass
elements, or a combination of the two materials. Whichever may it be, steel
doors are still guaranteed to provide the security and protection that
homeowners are looking for in their doors because they are durable, longlasting, and weather-resistant.
Some steel doors make use of very stylish wooden accents on their edges,
and some steel doors use wood as framing. Other steel doors have fiberglass
elements where various designs and styles can be incorporated, making a more
fashionable and elegant look. Pure stainless steel doors are good for fire
protection and excellent security.
While wooden doors are elegant and stylish, steel doors can be molded
and embossed to imitate the effect of wooden doors at the same time provide
better fire protection than them. Steel doors can even be painted in different
colors, making them flexible for any kind of house. One quality of steel doors
that makes them very popular and widely used is its abil ity to resis t fire.
Every homeowner first thinks of the safety of his family when he
constructs his house. The last thing he would want is to endanger his family
86
because of a defective ele ment, like a door. That is why it is essenti al to wisely
choose the door to be used in the house. The family is definitely more important
than a few hundred dollars, and if the priority of a homeowner is the protection
of his fam ily, then a steel door is his best option.
Text 19. Read the text and translate it. Make up a summary of the text.
Use dictionary if necessary.
Air Conditioning Tips
Air conditioning units will work for many years with very little difficulty, if
you keep your system properly mai ntained. However, this is not peculiar to home air
conditioning units. Almost everything we do these days can be done with the
assistance of a mechanical or el ectrical device. However, some things are non-user
maintainable and will bre ak down after a w hile.
Home air conditioning system s are intended to last a long time, as long as they
are correctly maintained. If you are loath to do this maintenance yourself, you will
need to call in a professional, but there is a lot of mainte nance any one can perform. If
you carry out these straightforward cool air conditioning tips, you will only need a
professional's help once every two years, which will save you a fortune.
There are three fundamental varieties of fixed home air conditioning
units: central air conditioners; split air conditioners and room air conditioners.
There is also a fou rth category, the port able conditioner, but there are too many
types of these to gene r al ize .
Central Air Conditioners - this is made up of an indoor unit and an
outdoor unit. You can clean or change the air filter in the indoor apparatus
according to its type. Wire filters can be cleaned, glass fibre filters must be
replaced. You ought to do this monthly during the hot season in order to
maintain peak performance and air quality.
You should also wash any dust or grease from the fan blades. Lightly oil
the fan shaft and any bearings too. If your unit is belt driven make sure that the
belt is not worn and that it is neither too taut nor too slack, which means that
there should be some give, but that it should not be so free as to slip. Like a car's
fan belt. Degrease and clean se the co il of tub i ng.
The outside system should be treated in the same manner as the inside
box, but you ought to also clear any undergrowth or rubbish from around it to
permit an unrestricted airflow. If it is in direct sunlight while in operation, erect
a lean-to to give it shade and s hel ter from rain and snow in the winter.
Split Air Conditioning Systems - the outdoor component should be
serviced as above, but the indoor air handler is different as there is no fan
driving air through a structure of ducts. At least once a year, take out the internal
filter and wash it or clean it according to the maker's instruction manual. If you
do this often enough, you will not hav e to clean t he coil.
If you overlook a few maintenance sessions, wash the coil as above.
Service the outside unit as above as well.
87
Room Air Conditioners - take out the grille and wash or replace
the filter at least once every summer. Filters can normally be washed three
times and then ought to be replaced. If you fail to do this, you will have to
wash the coil, as above. In the winter, cover the grille with cling film or a
tarp, to prevent cold drafts.
Text 20. Read the text and translate it. Make up a summary of the text.
Use dictionary if necessary.
Six Useful Pieces Of Advice For Saving Money On Lighting U sage
When times are difficult, like they have become lately, it is time to cut costs.
This is not a well-liked move, but really, it need not be such a problem as you might
envisage. The biggest single cost for most households is the energy bill and in
particular the electric bill. If you do not use electricity to cook or heat your house,
then the next biggest contributor to your bill is probably lighting. Anyway, here are
six suggestions for reducing your household expenses. 1] Plan your meals before you
go shopping. If you are able to, plan your meals for the entire week so that you can
use bits and pieces from one day's meals in the next day's. It is also easier and less
expensive to buy in bulk, whic h wil l als o sav e you t rave lli ng cos ts. U se cou pons w er e
you can. It is an obvious idea, but one that a lot of people overlook as they read their
magazines. 2] Replace all your traditional, incandescent light bulbs with compact
fluorescent bulbs (CFL). These bulbs use a low quantity of energy, but still put out a
high amount of light. It is a good idea to check for the 'Energy Star' rating before you
buy in order to ensure that you are getting a high quality product. 3] Instead of using
all the lighting in a room, try to illuminate only what you have to. If you are working
at your desk, switch off all the other lighting except a desk top lamp and possibly a
standard floor lamp. It is surprising how far light travels in a dark room. The light
from two lam ps such a s these w ill be am ple t o see y our way around to o.
4]Buy stocks of light bulbs by the dozen. They will last a long time, but
the CFL bulbs will not deteriorate, so as the price increases with inflation, you
will have a stock at the old price. If you can, buy them online, because an online
retailer has fewer ov erheads, which can convert into savings of as much as 70%.
Online auctions are also a great idea, you may be able to pick up bankrupt stock.
5]Cook your own meals and make your own food for work. Take homeproduced sandwiches or salads. A flask of tea or coffee will supply up to $25 of
Starbucks' substitute coffee drinks
6] Put as many of your lights and appliances on timers or photosensitive
switches. If you use passive infra red sensors to activate lights to deter intruders
in your garden, you could be burning more electricity than you have to during
the day. If you buy flood lights with photosensitive switches, then they will
deactivate the lights during daylight when they are pretty ineffective anyway.
If you have a pond and pond lights, you can also use similar devices to turn
your pond lights and pond fountain off during the night. None of these measures
should have a negative effect on your lifestyle, although they will save you money.
88
Библиографический список
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Омега-Л, 2009. – 312 с.
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С. Н. Любимцева. – Москва : Высшая школа, 2004. – 296 с.
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8. Buzzle [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access : http : // www.buzzle.com
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apartmentsearc h.com
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ted.com/playlists/60/work_smarter
11. Learnenglish [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access : http : //
learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/youre-hired/episode-09
12. WiseGEEK [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access : http : // www.
wisegeek.com/what-does-an-apartment-manager-do.htm
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Учебное пособие
Бабушкина Оксана Николаевна
Чуманова Наталья Александровна
АНГ
ЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК В СФЕРЕ ЖКХ
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