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2. I will make a palace fit for you and me // Of green days in forest and blue
days at sea. (R.L. Stevenson)
3. I keep six honest serving-men // (They taught me all I know); // Their names
are What and Why and When // And How and Where and Who.
(R. Kipling)
4. The earth is crying-sweet, // And scattering-bright the air, // Eddying, dizzy-
ing, closing round, // With soft and drunken laughter. (R. Brooke)
5. The fatal Cleopatra for which he lost the world and was content to lose it.
(W. Shakespeare)
6. Hey! Stop messing with me! (http://partofspeech.org/interjection/
)
7. They grew frightened, sitting thus and facing their own apprehensions and a
callous, tobacco-smoking audience. (J. London)
8. There was none of the Old-fashioned Five-Four-Three-Two-One-Zero busi-
ness, so tough on the human nervous system. (A. Clarke)
9. Eek! There’s a flying cockroach! (http://partofspeech.org/interjection/
)
10. Oh pardon! I could have sworn it was a carrot. (He rummages again in his
pockets, finds nothing but turnips.) All that’s turnips… (S. Beckett)
11. JERRY: The guy who runs the place is a little temperamental, especially
about the ordering procedure. He’s secretly referred to as the Soup Nazi. //
ELAINE: Why? What happens if you don’t order right? // JERRY: He yells
and you don’t get your soup. (“Seinfeld” – American sitcom)
12. Are you still going to eat that? Yuck! (http://partofspeech.org/interjection/
)
13. And then in a nice, old-fashioned, lady-like, maiden-lady way, she blushed.
(A. Christie)
14. Congratulations, you won the match (http://partofspeech.org/interjection/
).
15. “I don’t pretend to be a great painter,” he said. “I’m not a Michael Angelo,
no, but I have something …” (S. Maugham)
16. Every year she tries to fix me up with some bushy-haired middle-aged bore.
(H. Fielding).
17. There is no interrogation in his eyes // Or in the hands, quiet over the
horse’s neck, // And the eyes watchful, waiting, perceiving, indifferent.
(T.S. Eliot)
18. Person behind me gives oh-do-get-on-with-it cough. (K. Fox)
19. Wow, that was a thrilling ride! (http://www.k12reader.com/exclamatory-
sentences-rock/)
20. … which now, under the withering gaze of Madam Style-Police, seemed
rather silly and childish. (K. Tessaro)
21. Brilliant, you solved the puzzle!
(http://www.k12reader.com/exclamatory-
sentences-rock/)
22. An image comes to me of Alicia Bitch Long-legs, the meanest, snidest girl
I ever knew. (S. Kinsella)
23. Awesome, you got the job!
(http://www.k12reader.com/exclamatory-
sentences-rock/)
24. “What are you guys doing-having a supper and ladies” night. (A. Hailey)
21
25. Well, what would Madam What’s Her Knickers say in a case like that?
(K. Tessaro)
26. Ouch, that really hurts!
(http://www.k12reader.com/exclamatory-sentences-
rock/)
27. Mr. and Mrs., Happy Families, both of us there for the boys. (L. Diamond)
28. Dishes that are heaven-scent. (thelondonpaper)
29. I don’t know what you feel but, sheesh, I think the food was too expensive!
(http://www.k12reader.com/exclamatory-sentences-rock/)
30. I’m going to reconcile with my long-lost-found-then-estranged sister.
(S. Kinsella)
2. Make a card (only you have the answers to it!
interjection, exclamatory word, epithet
and antonomasia. Make copies for
) that includes examples of
your groupmates and teacher.
Seminar # 7
LEXICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES
Questions for discussion
1. Figures of contrast: oxymoron, zeugma, pun, paradox.
2. Oxymoron and zeugma: lexical and syntactical peculiarities.
3. Polysemy, homonyms and homophones as a source of pun.
4. Figures of quantity: hyperbole, understatement, litotes.
Terms to be included into the glossaries
oxymoron, zeugma, pun, paradox, hyperbole, understatement, litotes
Reading matter
1. Lectures.
2. Galperin I.R. Stylistics (Стилистика английского языка). – 3-е изд. – М.:
Высш. школа, 1981. – P. 148–152, P. 162–164, P. 176–177, P. 246–248.
3. Kukharenko V.A. A book of practice in stylistics (Практикум по стилистике
английского языка). – М.: Высш. шк., 1986. – P. 42–46, P. 57–62, P. 93–94.
4. Shakhovsky V.I. English Stylistics. – М.: Издательство «КомКнига», 2008. –
P. 99–101, P. 104, P. 130.
5. Арнольд И.В. Стилистика. Современный английский язык:
Учебник для
вузов. – 5-е изд., испр. и доп. – М.: Флинта: Наука, 2002. – С. 125–127,
С. 138–147.
Practical assignments
1. Find out the cases of oxymoron, zeugma, pun, paradox, hyperbole, under-
statement and litotes given in the sentences below.
22
1. “Not a bad day’s work on the whole,” he muttered, as he quietly took off his
mask, and his pale, fox-like eyes glittered in the red glow of the fire. “Not a
bad day’s work”. (Baroness E. Orczy)
2. I must be cruel to be kind. (W. Shakespeare)
3. I am not unaware how the productions of the Grub Street brotherhood have
of late years fallen under many prejudices. (J. Swift)
4. I’ll love you, dear, I’ll love you // Till China and Africa meet, // And the
river jumps over the mountain // And the salmon sing in the street.
(W.H. Auden)
5. I always told you, Gwendolen, my name was Ernest, didn’t I? Well, it is
Ernest after all. I mean it naturally is Ernest. (O. Wilde)
6. No light, but rather darkness rather visible. (J. Milton)
7. I have to have this operation. It isn’t very serious. I have this tiny little tu-
mor on the brain. (J.D. Salinger)
8. War is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strength. (G. Orwell)
9. She lowered her standards by raising her glass, // Her courage, her eyes and
his hopes. (Flanders and Swann)
10. At that time Bogota was a remote, lugubrious city where an insomniac rain
had been falling since the beginning of the 16th century. (G.G. Márquez)
11. Miss Bolo rose from the table considerably agitated, and went straight home
in a flood of tears, and a sedan-chair. (Ch. Dickens)
12. [Aunt Sally] “Good gracious, anybody hurt?” // [Huck] “No’m. Killed a
nigger.” (M. Twain)
13. It was not a mere man he was holding, but a giant; or a block of granite. The
pull was unendurable. The pain unendurable. (J.R. Ullman)
14. He was alternately cudgelling his brains and his donkey when, passing the
workhouse, his eyes encountered the bill on the gate. (Ch. Dickens)
15. He carried a strobe light and the responsibility for the lives of his men.
(T. O’Brien)
16. Not improbably, it was to this latter class of men that Mr. Dimmesdale, by
many of his traits of character, naturally belonged. (N. Hawthorne)
17. I had to wait in the station for ten days – an eternity. (J. Conrad)
18. They seemed to think the opportunity lost, if they failed to point the conver-
sation to me, every now and then, and stick the point into me. (Ch. Dickens)
19. Then she brought the cup to each of the Company, and bade them drink and
farewell. (J. Tolkien)
20. I fancy you were gone down to cultivate matrimony and your estate in the
country. (O. Goldsmith)
21. I like a smuggler. He is the only honest thief. (Ch. Lamp)
22. It’s okay. Your father and I were just having a little disagreement. (J. Son-
nenblick)
23. You baddie, good boy. (T. Dreiser)
24. [Beowulf] raised the hard weapon by the hilt, angry and resolute – the
sword wasn’t useless to the warrior… (Beowulf)
23
25. [ALICE:] “You see the earth takes twenty-four hours to turn round on its
axis –“// “Talking of axes,” said the Duchess, “chop off her head!” (L. Carroll)
26. He cried all night, and dawn found him still there, though his tears had dried
and only hard, dry sobs shook his wooden frame. But these were so loud
that they could be heard by the faraway hills… (C. Colloid)
27. A soiled baby, with a neglected nose, cannot be conscientiously regarded as
a thing of beauty. (M. Twain)
28. Indeed, it is not uncommon for slaves even to fall out and quarrel among
themselves about the relative goodness of their masters, each contending for
the superior goodness of his own over that of the others. (F. Douglass)
29. He had a face like a plateful of mortal sins. (B. Behan)
30. Why, then, O brawling love! O loving hate! // O anything, of nothing first
create! // O heavy lightness! Serious vanity! // Mis-shapen chaos of wellseeming forms! // Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health! //
Still-waking sleep, that is not what it is! // This love feel I, that feel no love
in this. (W. Shakespeare)
2. Make a card (only you have the answers to it!
oxymoron, zeugma, pun, paradox, hyperbole, understatement
) that includes examples of
and litotes.
Make copies for your groupmates and teacher.
Seminar # 8
PHRASEOLOGICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES
Questions for discussion
1. Breaking up of set phrases. Its different types: substitution, inclusion / prolon-
gation, dual / double actualization (phraseological pun), phraseological inversion.
2. Allusion.
3. Epigram.
4. Quotation.
5. Proverbs and sayings.
Terms to be included into the glossaries
substitution, inclusion / prolongation, dual / double actualization (phraseological
pun), phraseological inversion, allusion, epigram, quotation, proverb, saying
Reading matter
1. Lectures.
2. Galperin I.R. Stylistics (Стилистика английского языка). – 3-е изд. – М.:
Высш. школа, 1981. – P. 181–190.
24
Practical assignments
1. Analyse the given cases of phraseological pun
: identify the set phrase, its
transferred meaning and the corresponding free combination of words
with their literal meanings.
1. But I laughed and said: “Don’t worry, Professor, I am not pulling her lady-
ship’s leg. I wouldn’t do such a thing. I have too much respect for that
charming limb”. (J. Cary)
2. BERNARD: What guilty secret? // JACK: Some skeleton in the cupboard. //
BERNARD (handing him back his glass): No, no a body in the garden.
(G. Cooper)
3. Again that indefinable mockery, as if he had something up his sleeve. So-
ames looked mechanically at the fellow’s cuffs – beautifully laundered,
with a blue stripe, at his Holland waistcoat, and his bird’s-eye-tie – a regular
dandy. (J. Galsworthy)
4. BERYL: Oh, good, I can kill two birds with one stone and you’re one of
them, Jenny. // BILL: Jenny a bird? (G. Cooper)
5. ROSALIND: But are you so much in love as your rhymes speak? // OR-
LANDO: Neither rhyme nor reason can express how much. (W. Shakespeare)
6. LANNY: On the rocks? Or as it comes? // RUTH: Rocks? What do you
know about rocks? // LANNY: We’ve got rocks. But they’re frozen stiff in
the fridge. (H. Pinter)
7. “Birds in their little nests agree”, she said smiling … She knew nothing at
all about birds. (L.I. Wilder)
8. I’m eating my heart out. // It’s evidently a diet that agrees with you. You are
growing fat on it. (S. Maugham)
9. White feather, dear boy. Quite literal, you know. Had a collection of a
damn’ things. Didn’t care, all a joke. Russell, he converted me …
(J. Fowles)
10. Meanwhile a pretty kettle of fish was preparing for Mr. Noon. He smelled
nothing of it for some days. (D.H. Lawrence)
2. Find out the cases of substitution, inclusion / prolongation
and phrase-
ological inversion given in the sentences below.
1. To dish or not to dish? (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mary-jo-eustace/to-
dish-or-not-to-dish-th_b_331745.html)
2. You know which side the law’s buttered. (J. Galsworthy)
3. It was raining cats and dogs, and two kittens and a puppy landed on my
window-sill. (G. Chesterton)
4. You have been working non-stop. Why don’t you go out and down let your
hair? (our example – N.K.)
25
5. Divorces are made in heavens. (O. Wilde)
6. Early to rise and early to bed, makes a man healthy, wealthy and dead.
(J. Thurber)
7. She took a desperate hold of his arm. (http://vikidalka.ru/2-99019.html
8. Little Jon was born with a silver spoon in his mouth which was rather curly
and large. (J. Galsworthy)
9. In England and France he was a square peg in the round hole, but here the
holes were any sort of shape, and no sort of peg was quite amiss.
(S. Maugham)
10. Yesterday I was not born. She is absolutely eccentric if she asks somebody
for help every time she wants to start her car. (our example – N.K.)
3. Find out the cases of allusion, epigram, quotation, proverbs
and sayings
given in the sentences below.
1. There is always one moment in childhood when the door opens and lets the
future in…We should be thankful we cannot see the horrors and degradations lying around our childhood, in cupboards and bookshelves, everywhere. (G. Greene)
2. At rest on ocean’s brilliant dyes / An image of Elysium lies. (E.A. Poe)
3. My father has always stayed in a good health with his habit of eating an ap-
ple every day. For him, an apple a day keeps the doctor away has worked
well (http://www.careerride.com/proverbs-meaning-examples-1.aspx
4. Mankind must put an end to war, or war will put and end to mankind.
(J.F. Kennedy)
5. The black evangelist – whom Time magazine called “one of religion’s most
prodigious polymaths” – had been invited to be the speaker at a plenary session of the National Association of Black Journalists. (DeWayne Wickham,
“A Religious Man – Not Right, Not Left.” USA Today, August 8, 2005)
(https://www.thoughtco.com/direct-quotation-composition-1690461
6. You can not justify your late night parties just because your friend attends
them. Two blacks don’t make a white.
(http://www.careerride.com/proverbs-meaning-examples-1.aspx
)
7. The morning wind forever blows, the poem of creation is uninterrupted; but
few are the ears that hear it. Olympus is but the outside of the earth everywhere. (H.D. Thoreau)
8. You can bring a horse to water but you can’t make it hold its nose to the
grindstone. (P. Muldoon)
9. My son is the black sheep of our family. All of us are very talkative while
he is very reserved. (http://www.careerride.com/proverbs-meaningexamples-1.aspx)
10. Some cause happiness wherever they go; others whenever they go.
(O. Wilde)
)
).
)
26
11. She was almost ready to go, standing before the hall mirror, putting on her
hat, and he, his hands behind him, appeared pinned to the door frame, waiting like Saint Sebastian for the arrows to begin piercing him. (F. O’Connor)
12. He lies so much! I am surprised that his nose has not grown like Pinoc-
chio’s. (http://www.buzzle.com/articles/example-of-allusion.html
)
13. He can scale any structure as if he were Spider-Man.
(http://www.buzzle.com/articles/example-of-allusion.html
)
14. So Eden sank to grief, // So dawn goes down to day. // Nothing gold can
stay. (R. Frost)
15. My colleague was very good and polite to me on face but he kept complain-
ing about my every small mistake to the boss. All that glitters is not gold.
(http://www.careerride.com/proverbs-meaning-examples-2.aspx
)
16. Women are a decorative sex. They never have anything to say, but they say
it charmingly. (O. Wilde)
17. He does not believe, who does not live according to his belief. (S. Freud)
18. E.B. White wrote in 1981: “You might be amused to know that Strunk and
White was adapted for a ballet production recently. I didn’t get to the show,
but I’m sure Will Strunk, had he been alive, would have lost no time in
reaching the scene, to watch dancers move gracefully to his rules of grammar.” (Jeremy Eichler, “Style Gets New Elements.” The New York Times,
October 19, 2005) (https://www.thoughtco.com/direct-quotationcomposition-1690461)
19. Never mix the grape and the grain. (unknown author)
20. If you prevent your child from eating chocolates, he will be all the more at-
tracted to eat them. Forbidden fruits are often the sweetest ones. So, limit
them but don’t ban them. (http://www.careerride.com/proverbs-meaningexamples-2.aspx).
4. Make a card (only you have the answers to it!
allusion, epigram, quotation, proverbs
and sayings. Make copies for your
) that includes examples of
groupmates and teacher.
Seminar # 9
SYNTACTICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES
Questions for discussion
1. Stylistic inversion and detachment. Their types.
2. Parallel constructions. Chiasmus as a special variety of parallelism.
3. Repetition: anaphora, epiphora, framing, anadiplosis.
4. Polysyndeton and asyndeton.
Terms to be included into the glossaries
stylistic inversion, detachment, parallel constructions, chiasmus, anaphora, epiphora,
framing repetition, anadiplosis, polysyndeton, asyndeton
27
Reading matter
1. Lectures.
2. Galperin I.R. Stylistics (Стилистика английского языка). – 3-е изд. – М.:
Высш. школа, 1981. – P. 203–216, P. 226–227.
3. Kukharenko V.A. A book of practice in stylistics (Практикум по стилистике
английского языка). – М.: Высш. шк., 1986. – P. 72–76, P. 82–84.
4. Shakhovsky V.I. English Stylistics. – М.: Издательство «КомКнига», 2008. –
P. 118–124, P. 126–127.
5. Арнольд И.В. Стилистика. Современный английский язык: Учебник для
вузов. – 5-е изд., испр. и доп. – М.: Флинта: Наука, 2002. – С. 219–223,
С. 244–250.
Practical assignments
1. Find out the cases of stylistic inversion, detachment, parallel constructions,
chiasmus, anaphora, epiphora, framing repetition, anadiplosis, polysyndeton and asyndeton given in the sentence below.
1. There were frowzy fields, and cow-houses, and dunghills, and dustheaps,
and ditches, and gardens, and summer-houses, and carpet-beating grounds,
at the very door of the Railway. Little tumuli of oyster shells in the oyster
season, and of lobster shells in the lobster season, and of broken crockery
and faded cabbage leaves in all seasons, encroached upon its high places.
(Ch. Dickens)
2. Hourly joys be still upon you! Juno sings her blessings on you … Scarcity
and want shall shun you, Ceres’ blessing so is on you. (W. Shakespeare)
3. To generalize about war is like generalizing about peace. Almost everything
is true. Almost nothing is true. (T. O’Brien)
4. Do I love you because you’re beautiful? Or are you beautiful because I love
you? (O. Hammerstein)
5. When I give, I give myself. (W. Whitman)
6. All for one, and one for all. (A. Dumas)
7. Steyne rose up, grinding his teeth, pale, and with fury in his eyes.
(W.M. Thackeray)
8. Sweet Thames, run softly till I end my song, // Sweet Thames, run softly,
for I speak not loud or long. (T.S. Eliot)
9. The instinct of a man is to pursue everything that flies from him, and to fly
from all that pursues him. (Voltaire)
10. An empty stream, a great silence, an impenetrable forest. The air was thick,
warm, heavy, sluggish. (J. Conrad)
11. The land of my fathers. My fathers can have it. (D. Thomas)
12. Daylight was dying, the moon rising, gold behind the poplars. (J. Galswor-
thy)
28
13. Hear the tolling of the bells– // Iron bells! // What a world of solemn
thought their monody compels! (E.A. Poe)
14. I said, “Who killed him?” and he said “I don’t know who killed him, but
he’s dead all right,” and it was dark and there was water standing in the
street and no lights or windows broke and boats all up in the town and trees
blown down and everything all blown and I got a skiff and went out and
found my boat where I had her inside Mango Key and she was right only
she was full of water. (E. Hemingway)
15. This isn’t a bar for writers with a drinking problem; it’s for drinkers with a
writing problem. (J. Joice)
16. Perhaps this is the most important thing for me to take back from beach-
living: simply the memory that each cycle of the tide is valid, each cycle of
the wave is valid, each cycle of a relationship is valid. (A.M. Lindbergh)
17. June stood in front, fending off this idle curiosity – a little bit of a thing, as
somebody once said, “all hair and spirit”. (J. Galsworthy)
18. What the hammer? what the chain? // In what furnace was thy brain? //
What the anvil? what dread grasp // Dare its deadly terrors clasp?
(W. Blake)
19. A fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with
no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head.
A man who had been soaked in water, and smothered in mud, and lamed by
stones, and cut by flints, and stung by nettles, and torn by briars… and
glared and growled; and whose teeth chattered in his head as he seized me
by the chin. (Ch. Dickens)
20. Fair is foul, and foul is fair. (W. Shakespeare)
21. Tears, idle tears, I know not what they mean, // Tears from the depth of
some divine despair. (A. Tennyson)
22. I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree . . . And I will have some peace
there, for peace comes dropping slow. (W.B. Yeats)
23. Then I’ll be all aroun’ in the dark. I’ll be ever’where – wherever you look.
Wherever they’s a fight so hungry people can eat, I’ll be there. Wherever
they’s a cop beatin’ up a guy, I’ll be there … An’ when our folk eat the stuff
they raise an’ live in the houses they build – why, I’ll be there. (J. Steinbeck)
24. If black men have no rights in the eyes of the white men, of course the
whites can have none in the eyes of the blacks. (F. Douglass)
25. No wonder his father wanted to know what Bosinney meant, no wonder.
(J. Galsworthy)
26. And he walked slowly past again, along the river – an evening of clear,
quiet beauty, all harmony and comfort, except within his heart. (J. Galsworthy)
27. Fog everywhere. Fog up the river, where it flows among green aits and
meadows; fog down the river, where it rolls deified among the tiers of shipping and the waterside pollutions of a great (and dirty) city. (Ch. Dickens)
29
28. In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit. (J. Tolkien)
29. I had been short, and now I was tall. I had been skinny and quiet and reli-
gious, and now I was good-looking and muscular. It was Sally Baldwin who
brought me along, told me what to wear and do and think and say. She was
never wrong; she never lost her patience. She created me, and when she was
done we broke up in a formal sense, but she kept calling me. (J. Smiley)
30. Five years have passed; // Five summers, with the length of // Five long
winters! and again I hear these waters… (W. Wordsworth)
31. I’m a Pepper, he’s a Pepper, she’s a Pepper, we’re a Pepper. Wouldn’t you
like to be a Pepper, too? Dr. Pepper (an advertising jingle for Dr. Pepper
soft drink).
32. I am Sam; Sam I am. (Dr. Seuss)
33. Let the whitefolks have their money and power and segregation and sar-
casm and big houses and schools and lawns like carpets, and books, and
mostly–mostly–let them have their whiteness. (M. Angelou)
34. Speed up the film, Montag, quick. Click, Pic, Look, Eye, Now, Flick, Here,
There, Swift, Pace, Up, Down, In, Out, Why, How, Who, What, Where, Eh?
Uh! Bang! Smack! Wallop, Bing, Bong, Boom! (R. Bradbury)
35. So I said yes to Thomas Clinton and later thought that I had said yes to God
and later still realized I had said yes only to Thomas Clinton. (A. Patchett)
2. Make a card (only you have the answers to it!
) that includes examples of
stylistic inversion, detachment, parallel constructions, chiasmus, anaphora, epiphora, framing repetition, anadiplosis, polysyndeton and asyndeton. Make copies for your groupmates and teacher.
Seminar # 10
SYNTACTICAL AND LEXICO-SYNTACTICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES
Questions for discussion
1. Syntactical stylistic devices.
a) rhetorical question;
b) question-in-the-narrative;
c) break-in-the-narrative:
d) suspense.
2. Lexico-syntactical stylistic devices.
a) antithesis;
b) simile and comparison;
c) climax and anticlimax;
d) periphrasis and euphemism.
Terms to be included into the glossaries
rhetorical question, question-in-the-narrative, break-in-the-narrative, suspense, an-
tithesis, simile, comparison, climax, anticlimax, periphrasis, euphemism
30
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