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Файл:Английский язык. Контрольная работа № 1. Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов I курса заочной формы обучения всех направлений подготовки
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ВАРИАНТ 2
1. Образуйте множественное число следующих имен существительных:
sandwich, ox, enemy, shelf, banana, toy, tomato, postwoman, photo, princess
2. Раскройте скобки, поставив прилагательные и наречия в нужную по
контексту степень сравнения.
1. The Beatles was (popular) band of the last century.
2. Finally we were sent home without (far) delay.
3. She is not so (busy) as I am.
4. This good-looking girl is the (good) student in our group.
5. Those snakes are (poisonous) than cobras.
3. Перефразируйте приведенные ниже словосочетания, используя
притяжательный падеж:
e.g. the ball of the dog - the dog’s ball
the computer of my son, the secrets of the girls, the poems by Pushkin, the house
of our parents, the best role of the actress
4. Заполните пропуски глаголами to be или to have (по смыслу) в
соответствующей форме Present Simple. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
1. Their house … near the park.
2. Her cat … funny kittens.
3. The animals … in danger.
4. It …very cold today.
5. We … a business meeting at 7 o'clock.
5. Вставьте some, any, every, no или их производные. Переведите
предложения на русский язык.
1. There are … tall trees in front of their house.
2. Did you go... yesterday? - No, I went ... , I stayed at home the whole day.
3. Well, anyway, there is... need to hurry now that we have missed the train.
4. I don't need ... help.
5. There is ... white in the box. What is it?
6. Откройте скобки, поставив глагол в нужное время группы Indefinite
(Simple). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. They (not to go) to the shop yesterday.
2. We (to watch) an interesting documentary film about wild animals last week.
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3. My husband (to sleep) 8 hours every night.
4. If my neighbours (stop) making a noise, I (be able) to fall asleep.
5. Russian people (to celebrate) Christmas on January, 7th.
7. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам, начиная с вопросительных
слов, данных в скобках.
1. There are four members in our family. (How many…?)
2. He always meets that man on his way home. (Whom …?)
3. We sent some letters to foreign firms the day before yesterday. (When …?)
4. My brother will buy a new bike soon. (What …?)
5. He will drive to his studio and work there. (Where …?)
8. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно на русский язык.
The United States of America
The USA is situated in southern part of North America and occupies more
than one third of this continent, being the fourth largest country of the world after
Russia, Canada and China. The USA borders on Canada in the north and on
Mexico in the south. It also has a sea-border with Russia. It covers the area of 9,5
million square km.
The USA is a federal republic of 50 states. It consists of three separate parts.
They are the Hawaiian Islands, situated in the central part of the Pacific Ocean,
Alaska separated by the Canadian territory and the rest major part of the USA.
The country can be divided into five main areas. The Appalachian Highlands
- geologically the oldest area – are in the east. Further to the west there is the
Mississippi Basin called the Interior Plains. It comprises the Mississippi Lowlands,
Central Plains and Great Plains.
About one half of the continental USA is occupied by the Cordilleras in the
west. They are divided into several ranges: the Rocky Mountains reach over 4,000
m, to the west of them there is the Great Basin full of ranges and valleys (the
deepest valley is the Death Valley lying 85m below sea level). The Colorado
Plateau with the Grand Canyon is also to the west of the Rocky Mountains. The
Cascade Range, the Sierra Nevada and the Coastal Range, surround the Great
Californian Valley. The highest peak of the USA, however, is in Alaska - it is Mt.
McKinley (6,194 m).
The USA has many rivers. The biggest river system is that of the Mississippi
("great water" in Indian origin) and the Missouri. It is the third longest river system
in the world after the Amazon and the Nile.
The border with Canada is in its central part made by the Great Lakes
Region. The USA shares Lakes Superior, Huron, Erie and Ontario with Canada.
Lake Superior is the second largest lake in the world (after the Caspian Sea). There
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is also another large lake in this region - Lake Michigan. The Great Lakes Region
is the biggest reservoir of fresh water in the world. The Niagara River - part of the
St. Lawrence River - connects Lake Eire and Lake Ontario forming the worldfamous Niagara Falls 51 m high, 900 m wide on the Canadian side and 320 m wide
on the US side.
Temperatures range from the arctic cold in northern Alaska to subtropical
warmth of Hawaii and the Gulf Coast States but the temperate climate prevails. On
western coast temperature changes very little between summer and winter, the
north central states have different climate in summer and winter.
Over 328 million people reside in America making it the third most
populous country in the world. Throughout its history, the United States has been a
nation of immigrants. There are 106 ethnic groups in the USA today. America is
sometimes called the "melting pot" or the "salad bowl" or the "Pizza" because
people living here are of all possible origins and all the races mix here together.
The United States is the world’s greatest economic power in terms of gross
domestic product (GDP) and historically has been among the world’s highest-
ranking countries in terms of GDP per capita. With less than 5 percent of the
world’s population, the United States produces about one-fifth of the world’s
economic output.
There are many goods in production of which the American industry is in
the first place in the world - in chemicals, the production of lorries and cars; it is a
leading country in machinery, production of computers, electrical and electronic
engineering etc. Food industry is also highly developed. As in other developed
countries there has been a shift in employment towards the service industries.
Industry developed mainly in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio,
and Michigan, because of the availability of local coal deposits, as well as iron and
oil. But there are many industrial centers in the Western States and in the Middle
East, where agriculture is greatly developed.
The United States also impinges on the global economy as a source of and as
a destination for investment capital. The country continues to sustain an economic
life that is more diversified than any other on the Earth, providing the majority of
its people with one of the world’s highest standards of living.
9. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. Where is the USA situated?
2. What are the largest rivers and lakes of the USA?
3. How does the climate of the USA vary?
4. Why is the USA sometimes called the "melting pot"?
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5. What branches of industry are developed in the country?
10.Составьте рассказ о себе и своей семье, отвечая на вопросы:
1. What is your full name?
2. Where and when were you born?
3. Where are you from?
4. Where do you live?
5. Are you married or single? Do you have a family of your own?
6. Is your family large?
7. How many persons are there in your family?
8. Where do you work?
9. What is your wife’s (husband’s) name?
10. How old is she (he)?
11. Where does your wife (husband) work? What is your wife (husband)?
12. Have you got any children? How old are they?
13. Where do you study?
14. Have you got any friends?
15. What is your hobby? What do you like to do most?
ВАРИАНТ 3
1. Образуйте множественное число следующих имен существительных:
deer, ability, shoe, tornado, calf, sportsman, kangaroo, roof, celebrity, desk
2. Раскройте скобки, поставив прилагательные и наречия в нужную по
контексту степень сравнения.
1. I feel (little) tired today than I felt yesterday.
2. Mary was (clever) girl in the whole class.
3. I find French (difficult) than English.
4. Today the streets aren’t as (dirty) as they used to be.
5. St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
3. Перефразируйте приведенные ниже словосочетания, используя
притяжательный падеж:
e.g. the ball of the dog - the dog’s ball
the table of our teacher, the husband of my sister, the life of this woman, a friend
of my cousins, the books of my children
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4. Заполните пропуски глаголами to be или to have (по смыслу) в
соответствующей форме Present Simple. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
1. My granny usually … a rest after dinner.
2. They … their English in the morning.
3. Her friends … in the garden.
4. It … never late to learn.
5. He … a lot of experience.
5. Вставьте some, any, every, no или их производные. Переведите
предложения на русский язык.
1. There are... beautiful pictures in the magazine. Look at them.
2. The room was empty. There were … people there.
3. Didn't you buy... potatoes yesterday?
4. I don't know... about your town. Tell me … about it.
5. Is there ... here who knows French?
6. Откройте скобки, поставив глагол в нужное время группы Indefinite
(Simple). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Sound (to travel) with a speed of about 330 meters per second.
2. You (to fail) your exam if you (not to study) hard.
3. Britney wasn’t hungry, so she (not to eat) anything.
4. I have a headache. My mother (to buy) me some medicine on her way home
from work.
5. Yesterday he (to forget) to turn off the computer.
7. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам, начиная с вопросительных
слов, данных в скобках.
1. They will go to the stadium four times a month. (How often…?)
2. He is always late because he doesn’t want to get up early. (Why…?)
3. My uncle told me the good news. (Who …?)
4. He saw a little bird in the garden. (Where …?)
5. There are three mushrooms under the tree. (What …?)
8. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно на русский язык.
Canada
Canada is located in North America and stretches all the way from the
Atlantic to the Pacific, being made up of ten provinces and three territories. To the
North is the Arctic ocean; Davis Strait on the North East separates it from
Greenland, to the East is the Atlantic Ocean; the South is bordered by the United
States of America and the West by the Pacific Ocean and Alaska.
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A country of outstanding natural beauty, Canada has a wide variety of
landscapes: the mountains, the prairies, lakes and rivers with many national and
provincial parks to protect the habitats. With a total land mass of 9,984,670 sq. km,
Canada is the second largest country in the world. There are more lakes and inland
waters in Canada than in any other country, in fact 7.6% or 755,180 sq. km is made
up of fresh water.
Most images of Canada refer to the Mounties, bears, snow or the Rocky
Mountains with the amazing turquoise lakes though there is truly more to this vast
landscape. Tourism is a large part of the economy with the abundant natural
resources quickly turning Canada into a rich and vibrant country that is a
permanent listing at the top of the best places to live. With distinct seasons – the
winters are cold with plentiful snow and then warm summers, the best way to
survive is to make the most of nature’s offerings. Skiing, snowboarding and
snowmobiling are popular pastimes and great exercise and fun. In the summer,
hiking, camping and exploring the great outdoors are fantastic ways to spend your
free time. This is especially true when you are amongst the most breathtaking and
fabulous scenery the world has to offer!
The biggest part of Canada has a continental climate, although average
winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary according to the
location. Winters can be harsh in many regions of the country, particularly in the
interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate. In these
areas the daily average temperatures can be near -15 C° but can even drop below 40 C° with severe wind chills. In noncoastal regions, snow can cover the ground
almost six months of the year. Coastal British Columbia enjoys a temperate
climate, with a mild and rainy winter.
On the east and west coasts in summer average high temperatures are
generally in the low 20 C°, while between the coasts, the average summer high
temperature ranges from 25 to 30 C°, with occasional extreme heat in some interior
locations exceeding 40 C°.
Canada has a population of around 38 million people. Most of the population
lives in the cities and most of these are located in the South of the country; about
three quarters of the population live within about 300 kilometers of the U.S border.
The most populated provinces are Ontario and Quebec. Toronto (in Ontario) is the
most populated city.
There are two official languages – English and French – and Montreal in
Quebec is the world's largest French-speaking city outside of France. All of the
services offered by the Federal Government are in English and French. Almost
every product you buy has English and French on the labels and most public
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services are available in both languages. Outside of Quebec the majority of people
speak English; about 18 percent of Canadians are fluently bilingual.
Canada has a democratic system of government. It is a constitutional
monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as the Head of State. In Canada, the Governor
General carries out Her Majesty’s duties and is de facto the Head of State.
Canada’s capital city is Ottawa, Ontario. Its Parliament consists of the House
of Commons with 338 elected members and the Senate, where 105 members are
appointed. On average, members of Parliament (MPs) are elected every 4 years.
The Prime Minister, who is usually the leader of the party with the largest number
of seats in the House of Commons, is Canada’s Head of Government. The Prime
Minister appoints 20 to 30 ministers who make up the Cabinet. The Cabinet
develops government policy.
Canada is one of the world's leading economies, driven largely by Canada's
incredible wealth of natural resources. Despite having little over a tenth the
population of the United States, Canada produces more energy than its large
neighbor. This low population and high energy production makes Canada a major
economic power, helped along by a healthy services industry and strong tech and
automotive industries.
9. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. Where is Canada situated?
2. What outdoor activities do Canadians enjoy?
3. What can you say about the climate of Canada?
4. What are the official languages of the country?
5. How many Houses does the Parliament of the country consist of?
10.Составьте рассказ о себе и своей семье, отвечая на вопросы:
1. What is your full name?
2. Where and when were you born?
3. Where are you from?
4. Where do you live?
5. Are you married or single? Do you have a family of your own?
6. Is your family large?
7. How many persons are there in your family?
8. Where do you work?
9. What is your wife’s (husband’s) name?
10. How old is she (he)?
11. Where does your wife (husband) work? What is your wife (husband)?
12. Have you got any children? How old are they?
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13. Where do you study?
14. Have you got any friends?
15. What is your hobby? What do you like to do most?
ВАРИАНТ 4
1. Образуйте множественное число следующих имен существительных:
hero, ostrich, lorry, goose, radio, secretary, craftsman, child, theatre, half
2. Раскройте скобки, поставив прилагательные и наречия в нужную по
контексту степень сравнения.
1. Excuse me, where’s the (near) pharmacy?
2. She seems to be (happy) than before.
3. Making excuses is his (bad) trait of character.
4. Keira drives (carefully) than Alice.
5. He’s (selfish) person I’ve ever met.
3. Перефразируйте приведенные ниже словосочетания, используя
притяжательный падеж:
e.g. the ball of the dog - the dog’s ball
the handbags of these women, the gloves of Kate, rights of people, black mobile
phone of my uncle, the coat of that girl
4. Заполните пропуски глаголами to be или to have (по смыслу) в
соответствующей форме Present Simple. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
1. His friends … in the restaurant.
2. My dad … short dark hair.
3. I often … a lot of work to do.
4. It … easy to ask him about it.
5. Ann and Mike … ready for the lesson.
5. Вставьте some, any, every, no или их производные. Переведите
предложения на русский язык.
1. We could not buy cherries, so we bought... plums instead.
2. Did he say... about it? – No, he said....
3. There is … fresh milk in the fridge. I can't cook porridge.
4. You must find ... who can help you.
5. Have you ever seen... of these pictures before?
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6. Откройте скобки, поставив глагол в нужное время группы Indefinite
(Simple). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I (not to play) computer games yesterday.
2. Everyone (be) very surprised if he (pass) the exams.
3. My brothers (not to like) to drink milk.
4. My mother (to water) flowers twice a week.
5. Yesterday my best friend (break) his leg.
7. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам, начиная с вопросительных
слов, данных в скобках.
1. They danced till the morning. (How long …?)
2. My friend made a big mistake. (Who …?)
3. There are some newspapers and magazines on that little table. (What …?)
4. They will go for a walk in the evening (When …?)
5. Our students answer the teacher’s questions during the lesson. (Whose …?)
8. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно на русский язык.
Australia
Australia is the only country in the world that covers an entire continent.
Lying southeast of Asia, between the Pacific and Indian oceans, Australia is almost
completely surrounded by ocean expanses. The Tasman Sea lies to the southeast,
separating it from New Zealand, while the Coral Sea lies to the northeast. Papua
New Guinea, East Timor and Indonesia are Australia's northern neighbours,
separated from Australia by the Arafura Sea and the Timor Sea. Australia is
slightly smaller than the United States, with a total area of 7,686,850 sq. km.
The geography of Australia ranges from deserts, mountains, tropical islands,
rain forests, lakes and rivers. The longest river in Australia is the Murray River
which is 2375 kilometers long. The Murray River begins in New South Wales, and
then travels through Victoria and finally South Australia where the Murray Mouth
meets the Southern Ocean. The Murray River is home to a variety of wildlife such
as platypus, Murray cod, golden perch, trout and cod. The river is also famous for
its paddle steamers and there are paddle steamers that cruise along the river for
several days.
Australia boasts some of the world's most beautiful natural wonders such as
the Great Barrier Reef - the world's largest coral reef system, the Heritage Listed
Ayers Rock (Uluru), the Bungle Bungles in Western Australia, the Twelve
Apostles along the Great Ocean Road.
Australia is one of the most biologically diverse countries on the planet. It is
home to more than one million species of plants and animals. More than 80 per
cent of Australia’s mammals, reptiles, frogs and flowering plants are unique to
19
Australia, along with many of its freshwater fish and almost half of its birds, and
less than half have been described scientifically. There are more than 140 species
of marsupials, including kangaroos, koalas, wombats and the Tasmanian devil. The
UNESCO World-Heritage listed Gondwana Rainforests of Australia area contains
some of the world’s oldest ferns and conifers, and many plants and animals remain
relatively unchanged from their ancestors in the fossil record – making Australia
one of the few places on the Earth with such a remarkable living history.
The climate in Australia varies with tropical climate in the northern parts,
subtropical in the south and temperate in the south east and south west. Australia is
situated in the southern hemisphere and that’s why January is the hottest month in
this country. Canberra can be very cool in winter and the coldest temperature
recorded was -14.60 degrees in 1971 while Stanthorpe in Queensland holds the
record for the lowest temperature in the state. Rainfall in Australia is generally
seasonal with the highest rainfall occurring at Mount Lofty in South Australia and
the lowest in the desert regions. The varied weather in Australia allows for a
variety of outdoor sports such as sailing, skiing, hiking and rock climbing.
Australia is a safe country with a population of around 24 million, mostly
residing in major cities with Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane being the most
highly populated. Canberra is Australia's capital city. With a population of
approximately 380,000 people and situated in the Australian Capital Territory,
Canberra is roughly half way between the two largest cities Melbourne and
Sydney.
Today the population of Australia consists of more than 270 ethnic groups.
Although some nine-tenths of Australia’s population is of European ancestry, more
than one-fifth is foreign-born, and there is a small but important (and growing)
Aboriginal population. Of those born overseas, about half were born in Europe,
though by far the largest proportion of those came from the United Kingdom.
Among the larger non-European groups are New Zealanders and Chinese.
The Commonwealth of Australia, an independent, self-governing nation
within the Commonwealth of Nations, has a federal parliamentary government.
The government consists of the British sovereign, represented by a
governor-general, and the Australian Parliament. Australia's elected national
government is answerable to the Parliament for its actions. The Prime Minister
leads a Cabinet of ministers, who are responsible for decisions made by their
department.
Australia has an open economy and is known for its agriculture, mining and
energy industries. Since 1992, its economy has grown faster than any other major
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