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Файл:Английский язык для магистрантов в сфере компьютерных наук = English Master’s Course In Computer Science. Учебное пособие
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are available for the postgraduate degree seekers in any field. 30. I have
benefited enormously from Professor Smith’s vast knowledge. 31. There
is a wide diversity of opinion on this problem. 32. There is a shortage
of skilful graduates in the power and energy sector globally. 33. It is
a highly skilled job. 34. He submitted a report on the eperience of
translating research into practice. 35. Some employers support their
employees to undertake postgraduate studies by allowing fleibility
with working hours. 36. Postgraduate unemployment is almost half the
graduate unemployment rate. 37. Postgraduate study involves hard work
and commitment, but success can bring with it a range of benefits, some
personal, some professional and some financial. 38. Taking this decision
will cost us more in the short term, but will be beneficial in the long term.
39. These are the terms and conditions of your employment. 40. In terms
of depth, postgraduate study is different from undergraduate.
VIII. Form the nouns with the help of the following suffixes.
Read and translate them into Russian.
a) -er/-or: supervise, hold, seek, research, employ, speak, lecture,
provide, teach, manage, advise, translate, use, design, compute;
b) -ment: require, govern, adjust, manage, equip, achieve, state,
measure, move, improve, recruit, develop, arrange, advertise, employ;
c) -ion/-ation/-ition/-sion/-tion: create, educate, organize, present,
eamine, generate, submit, motivate, conclude, discuss, evaluate, compare,
abbreviate, investigate, cite, defi ne, combine, relate, educate.
IX. Arrange these words in the right order. Use a capital letter
to begin each sentence. Mark each rewritten sentence S V O M P T
to show Subject, Verb, Object, Modifier (How?), Place (Where?),
Time (When?).
1. degree, studying, I, Master’s, am, the, for.
2. postgraduate, abroad, spent, she, year, her, college, first, after,
studying.
3. three, degree, from, complete, years, takes, two, it, to, Master’s, to, a.
4. research, working, project, am, a, I, at.
5. wide, postgraduate, the, year, offers, range, a, university, this,
you, studies, of.
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6. postgraduate, loans, through, you, funding, grants, get, and, for,
study, can.
7. programme, apply, postgraduate, to, university, a, decided, at,
this, research, he, for.
8. practically, research, year, attended, every, I, last, seminar.
9. taught, world-leading, by, you, will be, academics.
10. dissertation, Roman, he, architecture, his, on, wrote.
X. Ivan Petrov tells us about his educational background.
Complete the text with the words below.
a) undertook
b) defended
c) degree
d) finished
e) supervisor
f) graduated from
g) perform
h) undergraduate
i) research
j) was admitted
k) Master’s degree
l) scholarship
m) earned
n) proceed
o) Bachelor’s course
p) carried out
My educational background
My educational background has an over-all underlying tone of
consistency. I am pleased with my past education, and feel that I have
become a well-rounded individual in many various aspects of my life.
In this educational autobiography, I will cover my education from
beginning to present which will include how I came to the decision to
begin doing a Master’s (1)__________.
I started schooling when I was seven years old. I attended a small
school in a town in Omsk region. My elder brothers attended the same
school and most everyone from my big family went there. I attended
this school until the fifth form after which my family moved to Omsk.
I started to attend a lycée. Coming from a small school, it was a dramatic
change in my life. The work was harder, and the lycée atmosphere
carried the sense of learning and ecellence. As a school student,
I always ecelled in mathematics, informatics and physics. Those were
the subjects I was good at, and unlike my classmates, I really enjoyed
them.
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So towards the end of the final year at the lycée, I decided that being
in engineering was for me. It wasn’t a hard decision to make, and my
parents supported me. I (2)__________ lycée with honours.
At 18, I (3)__________ to the Technological �niversity on a (4)_
_________ and took a (5)__________. I decided to major in Computer
Sciences. That (6)__________ programme lasted four years. At the
�niversity I had the opportunity to study a lot of key subjects ranging
from Programming languages to Theory of Graphs and Engineering
graphics. In addition to the theoretical side of things and practical
eperience within the university labs, I (7)__________ an optional course
in my second year which allowed me to put many of the theoretical
modules I had studied in the first two years of my degree into practice.
In the final year I (8)__________ a final qualification paper. My (9)
__________ was coordinated by the academic (10)__________ within
the department. I took some etra courses in the area of my specialisation.
I developed an interest in programming and so had the opportunity to
(11)__________ analysis of PROLOG, a logic programming language
which style is unfamiliar to most programmers and which is used in
Artificial Intelligence and natural language processing. It was my own
original research with the subsequent conclusions and I (12)__________
it successfully. So, in 2015, I (13)__________ �niversity and (14)
__________ a Bachelor’s degree in Computer Sciences.
To deepen my knowledge of the subject I am interested in I decided
to (15)__________ to a (16)__________ programme which is going to
take two years to complete. It is a logical progression to my studies.
XI. Using the information given in the above text, fill in the
missing answers of the dialogue.
A.: Could you introduce yourself, please?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: Are you pleased with your past education?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: When and where did you start schooling?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What school subjects were you good at?
B.: _______________________________.
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A.: Why did you decide that engineering was for you?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What university were you admitted to?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What undergraduate programme did you take?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: How long did it take you to complete it?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What did you study at university?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What was your final qualification paper titled?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: When did you defend it?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: When did you graduate from university?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What degree did you earn?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What is the area of your specialisation?
B.: _______________________________.
A.: What encouraged you to proceed to a Master degree course?
B.: _______________________________.
XII. Speaking. Work in pairs.
Make up dialogues about your educational background.
XIII. Speak on your own educational background. Use the text
in task X and the dialogue as a model.
XIV. Project Activity.
You are going to take part in a scientific conference. Present the
main ideas of your research paper (see Appendi I)
XV. Speaking. Rendering.
Render the article “Postgraduate study: passport to a better career
by Liz Lightfoot (Appendi II, Tet 1).
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I do not fear computers. I fear lack of them. – Isaac Asimov
Unix is simple. It takes a genius to understand it’s simplicity –
Dennis Ritchie.
I. Discuss the ideas:
1) Does our life depend on the quality of education?
2) What is your specialization?
3) Does your enhanced CV enlarge employment opportunities/
career options?
II. Rank these skills from the most important to the least
important for you while getting a Master’s degree in Computer
Science and complete the table:
Most important Less important Least important
• Ability to understand comple numerical data
• Ability to negotiate, persuade, and present reasoned arguments
• Analytical and critical thinking skills
• Awareness of and ability to cope with and adapt to rapid
technological changes
• Commercial awareness
• Creative thinking skills
• Ecellent mathematics/numeracy skills
• Foreign language skills
• Good foundation in physics
• Knowledge of computer science theories, methods, practices and
strategy
• Problem solving skills
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• Programming skills
• Self-management, including planning and meeting deadlines
• Strong problem-solving, analysis and decision-making abilities
• Teamwork and leadership skills
• �nderstanding of computing architecture, construction, engineering
and design
• �nderstanding of computing software, tools, packages and
design
• Wide understanding of a range of computer-based systems
• Written and oral communication skills, including presentations
and report writing
What qualities are important for you to be successful in your
future career? Why?
III. Read the text below to find out about master’s courses in
computer science and translate the sentences with the words in cursive.
Masters Courses in Computer Science
It seems fair to argue that computer technology has, more than
anything else, shaped the modern world. Things that we now take for
granted– the internet, mobile phones, medical technology – would not be
possible without the major developments made in the field of computing,
particularly over the past 20 years. A master’s degree in computer science
can give you a specialized focus on an area of technology, helping you
develop your skills and career prospects.
Course Structure & Entry Requirements
Masters in Computer Science degrees are typically offered as a
Master of Science (MSc) and are one or two years long, depending on
the country of study. You will study a range of modules, some optional
and some compulsory. Compulsory modules include programming, data
analytics, software development, applied communications, network
architecture and database design.
Course assessment is likely to be a miture of written essay papers
and practical work. You’ll continue to develop your knowledge, leading
to a research project or dissertation, perhaps in a specialized subject of
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your choice. If you produce your own project, you will plan, research
and implement a piece of work relating to your chosen specialization.
Entry requirements
Although some universities specifically request students to have a
related undergraduate degree (mathematics, physics, computer science,
computing, ICT, electronics or statistics), others are willing to accept
graduates of any discipline. For eample, the �K’s �niversity of
Birmingham offers an MSc in Computer Science as a conversion master’s
for students who have not previously studied computing, as well as an
MSc in Advanced Computer Science for those who have studied a related
subject. Previous work eperience in the field is likely to be beneficial,
but is not essential. Depending on the university, you may also need to
provide letters of recommendation and/or attend an interview.
Computer science specializations
Many Masters in Computer Science courses allow you to choose
optional modules, the most common of which are listed below. Some of
these may also be available as a separate, dedicated master’s course which
you may wish to study if you’re keen on a career in that particular area.
Human-computer interaction
The study of human-computer interaction (HCI) considers the
challenges in making computers and computations useful, usable, and
universally accessible, in order to prevent unepected problems caused by
poorly designed human-machine interfaces. Coupled with studies rooted
in behavioral sciences, you’ll cover the study, planning and design of this
kind of interaction, with the understanding that a computer has an almost
unlimited amount of uses which can only take place in dialogue between
the user and the computer. You’ll approach the subject on the machine
side, with computing techniques such as computer graphics, operating
systems, programming languages and development environments, and
on the human side, eploring communication, graphics, linguistics,
social sciences such as cognitive psychology, and user satisfaction.
Artificial intelligence
The study of artificial intelligence (AI) is closely related to the field of
artificial life (AL), and both are involved in synthesizing goal-orientated
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processes such as problem-solving, decision-making, environmental
adaptation, learning and communication using computers and algorithms.
AI is a cross-disciplinary topic drawing on applied mathematics,
symbolic logic, semiotics, electrical engineering, philosophy (of mind),
neurophysiology and social intelligence. AI involves the automation of
tasks (such as evaluative and predictive tasks) in computer applications
involving comple real-world data, as successful use of AI in this manner
can act as a viable substitute for humans doing the same tasks. At master’s
level, study of AI can epand to include related modules on how games
can be used for research on AI. You may even get to play games as part
of your degree, and this specialization would be useful if you are aspiring
to become a computer games producer.
Information, network and cyber security
Information security is about protecting information (and
information systems) against unlawful access and altering. Preventing
security breaches has a high precedence for organizations which store
and handle confidential data. The specialization therefore familiarizes
students with threats and attacks which may be enacted on computer
networks, and what mechanisms and techniques can be used to address
them. You will also evaluate case studies.
Computer graphics
Studying computer graphics involves using computers to create still
or moving two or three dimensional images using specialized graphics
hardware and software. You’ll study how to manipulate visual and
geometric information using computational techniques, focusing on
mathematical and computational foundations of image generation and
processing rather than purely aesthetic issues. You’ll need knowledge
of physics, light and materials, as well as knowledge of the mathematics
of homogenous matrices, and of data storage, representation and
manipulations. Computer graphics makes the interaction and
understanding of computers and interpretation of data easier for both
computing professionals and consumers. With companies eploring
increased use of trends such as ‘gamification’, the demand for computer
scientists with advanced knowledge of computer graphics has never
been greater.
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Career Options. Computer science careers
Games developer
Games developers produce games for personal computers, games
consoles, social/online games, arcade games, tablets, mobile phones
and other hand held devices. This role could be focused on the
creative role of designing a game and dealing with the art, animation
and storyboarding, or it could focus on programming the game using
knowledge of programming languages such as C++. To increase your
chances of entry into this role, it’s etremely helpful to have studied
related aspects during your degree. It is essential that you create a
portfolio (for artistic roles) or working demo (for programming roles)
with eamples of work to show employers.
Cyber security consultant
Maintaining cyber security in the modern world has become
increasingly important, so in this role you will focus on understanding the
risks to the security of information or data. You’ll analyze where security
breaches may occur or have occurred, and restore or reinforce systems
against such breaches, to ensure that confidential data is protected. This
role could include ‘ethical hacking’, meaning deliberately attempting to
hack into your employer’s network to epose any weaknesses, or you
could work as a computer forensics analyst or investigator to combat
the growing phenomenon of cyber-crime.
Multimedia programmer
A multimedia programmer is responsible for designing and creating
multimedia computer products, making sure they are functional and
maintaining fidelity to a designer’s specification. You’ll use creative
as well as technical skills to develop multimedia features including tet,
sound, graphics, digital photography, 2D/3D modelling, animation and
video. You’ll need to work with the designer to understand the design
concept, discuss how it can be technically implemented, identify the
operational rules necessary, write efficient computer code or script to
make the features work, run tests of the product to test for bugs and
rewrite or add new code if necessary.
You’ll also be available for technical support after the product
is completed, and will need to keep abreast of industry news and
developments in order to suggest and implement improvements. You
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may work across platforms (such as the internet, interactive television,
information kiosks, DVDS, computer games consoles and mobile
phones) or remain specialized in one platform. Your role may overlap
with similar IT roles such as web developer, games developer, systems
developer or software engineer, or you may find yourself working in
tandem with these professionals to achieve mutual goals.
Software engineer
Software engineers apply the principles of software engineering to the
design, development, maintenance, testing and evaluation of the software
and systems that make computers or anything comprising software work.
Similarly, the role of a network engineer focuses on implementing,
maintaining and developing communication networks within organizations
to ensure the communication infrastructures work effectively.
https://www.topuniversities.com/courses/computer-science-informationsystems/grad/guide
IV. Make up your own sentences with the words in cursive.
V. Look through the text above again and summarize
the information about course structures, entry requirements,
specializations and career options (at least 10 sentences) and be
ready to present it to your group mates.
VI. Speak about the Master’s course you are taking at your
university.
VII. Project Activity
Search and study the information about postgraduate courses at
universities in different countries. Choose any university you would
like to enter and prepare reports revealing the following points:
• course structure
• entry requirements
• specializations
• career options
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