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Файл:Improve your vocabulary and grammar. For classwork and selfstudy. Учебное пособие
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51
B
1. train (v.)
2. technique
3. amount
4. sense
5. support
6. state
7. affect
8. reason
9. reach
10. found
11. connection
12. public
13. include
14. investigation
a) teach b) trade c) arrive
a) science b) method c) cell
a) number b) degree c) cause
a) state b) noise c) feeling
a) help b) wish c) obtain
a) health b) condition c) pattern
a) force b) influence c) expect
a) research b) wealth c) cause
a) arrive b) leave c) save
a) lose b) find c) create
a) condition b) quality c) link
a) open b) special c) private
a) involve b) produce c) restore
a) disaster b) case c) research
1. destroy
2. reach
3. private
4. cheap
5. except
6. adult
7. refuse
8. arrange
9. severe
10. create
11. advance
12. pass
13. disaster
14. include
a) waste b) report c) construct
a) arrive b) leave c) create
a) reliable b) public c) advanced
a) expensive b) recent c) proud
a) after b) before c) with
a) child b) master c) teenager
a) arrange b) agree c) restore
a) organize b) apply c) mix
a) serious b) kind c) sure
a) destroy b) produce c) write
a) stop b) declare c) enter
a) leave b) fail c) connect
a) happiness b) catastrophe c) competition
a) involve b) report c) except
III. Найдите справа в строчке слово, противоположное по
значению слову из левой колонки.
52
IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
A
1. She did not report…of her bag to the police.
a) the aim b) the sense c) the loss
2. My brother likes films based on…
a) science fiction b) power c) purpose
3. Massachussets Institute of Technology and its…are situated along the
Charles River.
a) quality b) campus c) scholars
4. A University in Kansas … to admit Carver because he was black.
a) prevented b) declared c)refused
5. He…himself by various jobs.
a) supported b) attracted c) adopted
6. A multi spectral camera uses electronic sensors instead of using
nerve….
a) units b) cells c) techniques
7. Our eyes are sensitive to…of wavelengths.
a) an activity b) a variety c) a task
8. It is important to be on time at business, social and…events.
a) public b) expensive c) reliable
9. Carver decided to plant peanuts to…the lands.
a) produce b) adopt c) restore
10. He never thought of pleasures and…in his life.
a) resources b) rewards c) patterns
11. Private schools differ in the…of education.
a) power b) connection c) quality
12. What kinds of…transport do you know?
a) recent b) public c) academic
53
13. He has only one…in his life.
a) aim b) electricity c) energy
14. A great…of electrical energy can be created by wind-powered
generators.
a) lack b) demand c) amount
15. In 1957 there was…to design a new Opera House for Sydney.
a) a competition b) an investigation c) a success
16. Sydneysiders are…of their famous Harbour Bridge.
a) tired b) proud c) late
17. Few…grow in Alaska.
a) crops b) examples c) orders
18. Public life does not…much social activity in Alaska.
a) declare b) involve c) compete
19. Computers are a great help to…
a) models b) quality c) scholars
20. It is…to solve many complex problems with the help of computers.
a) possible b) difficult c) hard
B
1. Many new…are carried out in geophysics.
a) disasters b) demands c) investigations
2. After four years students get a…'s degree.
a) Bachelor b) Candidate c) Master
3. To…a disease is better than to take medicine afterwards.
a) prevent b)follow c) improve
4. This sort of work…good knowledge of the subject.
a)expects b) exhausts c) demands
5. Water… hydrogen and oxygen.
a) destroys b) consists of c) affects
54
6. The ship… the English Channel.
a) passed b) lacked c) applied
7. The Challenger catastrophe in 1986 was the worst…in space.
a) investigation b) process c) disaster
8. His research projects were…at helping Southern agriculture.
a) depended b) aimed c) refused
9. The farmers found little…for peanuts on the market.
a) demand b) pattern c) crop
10. The…of ocean waves can also be used to produce electricity.
a) condition b) connection c) power
11. When there is no wind no energy is… .
a) produced b) rewarded c) wasted
12. Our University offers both graduate and undergraduate… .
a) campus b) reason c) education
13. It is possible that physiological state of a human…the properties of
water.
a) admits b) affects c) expects
14. I wish you all success in your … .
a) investigation b) loss c) power
15. When he was 20 he …a high school education in Kansas.
a) invented b) refused c) obtained
16. Vaccination …more human losses from infectious diseases.
a) prevented b) exhausted c) supported
17. The Sun…in the East.
a) sets b) rises c) reaches
18. Some diseases are caused by…of vitamins and minerals.
a) delay b) loss c) number
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19. The Erie Canal…Lake Erie with the Hudson River.
a) destroyed b) connected c) reached
20. Private schools were…long ago.
a) found b) founded c) exhausted
C
1. Britain…with many countries.
a) trades b) trains c) numbers
2. Oranges, flowers, potatoes and tomatoes are the main crops in
California’s… .
a) industry b) agriculture c) climate
3. Modern technologies use various… .
a) competitions b) lacks c) techniques
4. The report…some very unusual theories.
a) prevented b) included c) carried out
5. Englishmen are…their traditions.
a) tired of b) proud of c) late for
6. The main…of this report is to explain this phenomenon.
a) reason b) method c) aim
7. Electricity…mankind with the energy of the future.
a) prevents b) provides c) demands
8. The first talking cartoon film with Mickey Mouse was…in 1928.
a) applied b) refused c) created
9. The children of Alaska today…faster then children of other regions.
a) connect b) advance c) involve
10. The cold climate…his health.
a) affected b) decreased c) forced
11. He was arrested because of mistaken … .
a) support b) identity c) energy
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12. The two towns are… by a railway.
a) mixed b) noted c) connected
13. Using the computers, it became possible to…many disasters in the
world.
a) produce b) refuse c) prevent
14. A club is usually connected with some sport or with social… .
a) activities b) tasks c) reasons
15. Another energy…is the heat from volcanoes.
a) loss b) resource c) demand
16. Every plant, animal and person … cells.
a) depends on b) consists of c) destroys
17. Electricity is the most important kind of…
a) identity b) power c) technique
D
1. Civilization has…during the XXth century.
a) reached b) delayed c) advanced
2. In British and American Universities…is the first degree in arts and
sciences.
a) the Bachelor b) the Master c) the scholar
3. Both new planets…unusual elliptical paths.
a) find b) follow c) investigate
4. The boy had a very good…of colour and form.
a) sense b) education c) order
5. This group…quite a great number of different tasks.
a) trades b) includes c) buys
6. Washington tried to improve the life of black Americans through…
a) education b) technique c) influence
57
7. Not long ago we could meet the notion of teleportation only
in…stories.
a) private b) reliable c) science fiction
8. Some new medicines cannot be…to practice yet.
a) applied b) restored c) prevented
9. We do not know…how the man originated.
a) mostly b) exactly c) quickly
16. Cambridge was…at the beginning of the XIIth century.
a) found b) destroyed c) founded
17. The cost of education…the college and specialty.
a) depends on b) creates c) applies
18. There was a good … of potato last year.
a) example b) advance c) crop
19. The US Institute of Medicine…a special norm for a daily amount of
calcium for adults.
a) constructed b) remained c) adopted
20. On New Year’s Eve people …the end of the year.
a) connect b) celebrate c) provide
21. The film…a sensation.
a) produced b) destroyed c) refused
22. Education is one of the…of success in life.
a) conditions b) crops c) words
23. When did the news…you?
a) found b) reach c) apply
24. He is the only…man for the position.
a) possible b) crazy c) silent
25. The project is…by voluntary contributions.
a) given b) discussed c) supported
58
E
a) amounts
b) compete
c) reward
d) power
e) activity
f) a reliable
g) states
h) involves
i) affects
j) investigations
k) severe
l) provided
m) wood
n) additional
o) depend
p) private
q) possible
r) techniques
s) waste
t) variety
1. There is traditionally more… in the city than in the village.
2. Cosmic flights demand large…of money from the Government.
3. It's difficult to live in the…Arctic climate.
4. The work of a…detective is hard and dangerous.
5. Modern technologies use various… .
6 …partner means success in business.
7. The…of colours makes autumn the most beautiful season of the year.
8. Today many Russian companies successfully….. with foreign firms.
9. Students are often asked…questions at the exams.
10. Chemical substances have three physical… .
11. Try not to…your time and money.
12. It is no…for everybody to study in a private college.
13. His father…him with a prestigious education.
14. State organizations…on the government.
15. Today many new….are carried out in genetics.
16. Everybody knows that bad ecology …the health of the people.
17. Prize-winners at Olympic Games are given much money as a… .
18. Anthropology…some work abroad.
19.Plastic is often used instead of…these days.
20.Modern scientists are surprised at the…of mind of some ancient
scholars.
F
a) disaster
k) demands
b) resources
l) obtained
c) advance
m) admitted
d) created
n) exhausted
e) prevents
o) the remains
f) destroyed
p) adopts
g) post-graduate courses
q) identity
h) title
r) science fiction
i) variety
s) connection
j) loss
t) remained
1. The fire was so big, that very little…of the house.
2. Students at universities usually address their teachers by their… .
3. Scientific knowledge in geophysics…catastrophes.
4. The lands of California still have some unused… .
5. …of weight sometimes means disease.
6. How many students are…to the University this year?
7. The experts proved the…of the ancient manuscripts.
8. There is a strong…between anthropology and physiology.
9. Many beautiful works of art were…in the period of the Renaissance.
10. The results were…after many experiments with lead.
11. It's the Government that…new laws.
12. An unexpected…destroyed the town.
13. …are different in length in different countries.
14. He was completely …after his first working day at the bank.
15. The research was not carried out in time for a …of reasons.
16. It may seem strange, but according to statistics, scientists love… .
17. We can't…the research without new experiments.
18. Many Russian cities and villages were…completely in the war.
19. This problem…much attention.
20. Lots of tourists come to Rome to observe …of the ancient town.
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V. Прочитайте текст, кратко передайте его содержание.
Переведите текст на русский язык, обращая внимание на
выделенные слова, и проанализируйте, что было непонятно при
чтении.
A The state of our planet demands full attention of all people of the
world without delay. We have no time to waste and must prevent
ecological disaster for the reason which was identified long ago. In fact,
it is human and industrial activity that badly affects nature. A primitive
society can destroy only its own land. But the more advanced a society
is, the more wastes it produces. Their amount is constantly rising. Many
people still refuse to admit how much they depend on nature. Actually,
nature provides us with everything-conditions for living, crop,
resources. Man started creating artificial substances only about a century
ago but their amount on the Earth is reaching the limit now because many
of them cannot be naturally destroyed. Fortunately, there is no lack of
hopeful ideas for balancing the environment. There are people who
realizing the problem set a task to inform everybody from elementary
schoolchildren up to famous scholars about it. They support recent
investigations involving expensive computer analysis, appeal to public’s
common sense through radio, TV and newspapers and create reliable
technologies which compete with the old ones. Let’s hope their efforts
will be rewarded.
B There is hardly a sphere of our life where power is not required.
Today it is obtained mainly from burning coal, oil and gas and from
falling water. The resources of coal, oil and gas, which made the industrial
revolution possible and gave us additional comfort can be exhausted in
the next century. Unfortunately, man can not restore them.
The energy problem is the result of many factors, including a worldwide demand for energy, inadequate efforts during the recent past to
develop new energy resources, delays in the construction of nuclear
power stations and others.
Large amounts of energy can be obtained from ocean tides, the power
of wind, the heat of the Sun. The investigators turned to the Sun, which
has been providing the Earth with energy since it was created. The Sun
provides us with light and heat. Oil and coal are the remains of past
vegetation which obtained its energy from sunlight. Except atomic energy
all fuels on the Earth have somehow obtained their energy from the Sun.
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