Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Discover Tourism. Учебное пособие (для аудиторной и самостоятельной работ)
.pdf
Unit 17. ARE YOU AN EXPERIENCED TRAVELER?
1. A long journey by sea.
2. This language is understood in nearly every corner of the world.
3. A place where tourists usually stay while travelling.
4. How ________ does it take to get from Moscow to New York?
5. This book gives you information about a country you are going
to visit.
6. The synonym of the word “ unusual” .
7. You need it if you want to take a picture.
8. Let’s meet ________ the railway station.
9. A person who travels.
10. When in Rome, do as the ______ do.
11. Tourists spend most of their time seeing the _______.
71
12. A large boat that is used for travelling by sea.
13. You need this document if you travel abroad.
14. What do you need to get onto a plane or a train?
15. It can be of different types: eco, sport, learning and others.
16. Madame Tussaud’s is a _______ in London.
17. It helps you not to get lost.
18. You must be careful of this person in some cities: a p-ck-----t.
19. This language is spoken in Turkey.
20. American slang for ‘hello’.
21. The opposite of ‘boring’.
22. You’ll see the Parthenon if you go to this country.
23. A large Australian bird which has a long neck and long legs but
cannot y.
24. The another word for ‘subway’.
25. If you go to the USA, you will have to have change rubles for
_____ .
26. You carry clothes and other things in it when travelling.
27. If you go to this country, you’ll be able to see the pyramids.
28. They’ll go ______ London for their holidays this year.
29. What’s ________ at the Bolshoi Theater tonight?
30. Is there a café ____________ here?
31. British drivers drive on the left side of the road. Russian drivers
drive on the ______ side of the road.
32. The English for ‘чаевые’.
33. The fastest way to get from Moscow to London is by _______ .
34. Have you ________ been to Australia.
35. The English for ‘дорога’
36. This language is spoken in Holland.
37. To travel by getting rides in other people’s cars, usually by
standing at the side of the road and signaling to drivers : h—ch---e.
38. _________ or West, home is best.
39. The English for ‘такси’.
40. This language is spoken in Italy.
41. You’ve n---r been to New Zealand, have you?
42. The Mississippi is a _______ .
72
Unit 18. A BUSINESS LETTER
Structure of a business letter
Exercise 1. Study the following words and word combinations:
1. business correspondence
2. to elaborate
3. open punctuation
4. full stop
5. comma
6. letterhead
7. date
8. inside address
9. subject line
10. salutation
11. body of the letter
12. complimentary close;
13. signature
14. enclosure
15. postscript
16. space
17. addressee
18. acronym
19. clarication
деловая корреспонденция
разработать
открытая пунктуация
точка
запятая
заголовок письма
дата написания
адрес получателя
тема письма
приветствие
основной текст письма
заключительная формула
вежливости
подпись
вложение
постскриптум
интервал
получатель
сокращение
расшифровка
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text:
1. The Block Structure.
Nowadays for all types of business correspondence, the block structure is used. The block structure agrees with business style. This style
allows elaborating the unied form for the business correspondence and
save time when writing business letters. Business letters also have socalled open punctuation, that is an absence of unnecessary full stops and
commas.
The block structure is called this because it comprises several blocks:
1. Letterhead;
2. Date;
3. Inside Address;
4. Subject line;
5. Salutation;
73
6. Body of the Letter;
7. Complimentary Close;
8. Signature;
9. Enclosure;
10. Postscript;
2. Parts of the Business letter
2.1. Letterhead
Letterhead is located at the top of a page. It includes name of the com-
pany that sends the letter, address of the company, phone and fax numbers:
For example:
A. Smith & Co.1, Limited 2
Bennet Bros.3
Phone: 818 432-2900
Fax: 818 432-8216
2.2. Date
Date of the letter sending is located two spaces after the sender’s address. There are several ways to point the date. In Great Britain, it usually
looks like: day/month/year (12 June 2005). It is not necessarily to use
commas. In some other countries, they use the following way of date writing: month/day/year. Here, you need to put comma after the day: June
12, 2005.
Date Endings of the ordinal
numerals
June 12, 2005 -
1st, 21st, 31st
January - Jan. July - Jul.
Months
June 12th, 2005
12 June, 2005
12th June, 2005
2nd, 22nd
3rd, 23rd
5th, 15th, 25th
February - Feb. August - Aug.
March - Mar. September - Sept.
April - Apr. October - Oct.
May - May November - Nov.
June - Jun. December - Dec.
2.3. Inside Address
Name and address of the addressee should be located on different
lines. Firstly, the name is pointed before the address. Before the name it is
desirable to use Mr./Mrs./Ms./Dr., for example: Mr. James Hilton.
74
For example
Mr James Hilton (имя получателя)
General Manager (должность)
JMK Co Ltd (название компании)
34 Wood Lane (юридический адрес)
London (город, штат или провинция)
Great Britain WC2 5TР (страна, почтовый индекс)
2.4. Subject Line
Subject line is usually put two spaces after the inside address. This
part is usually introduced by the words: Re:, Subject:, Conc. Re is an
acronym from the Latin word in re and means “regarding”. Conc.is an
acronym from the English word “concerning”.
For example:
JMK Co Ltd
34 Wood Lane
London
Great Britain WC2 5TР
Re.: Conference
2.5. Salutation
If in the address of a letter you put down the name of the addressee it is
necessary to start your letter with the salutation. If the letter is addressed
to the company and not to a specic person you may use the formal salutation – Dear Sirs. If the letter is for the head of an organization or the head
of some department but you do not know his or her name it is possible to
start your letter with Dear Sir or Madam.
Name of an addressee Formal Salutation
(an organization)
Dear Mr Hilton
Dear James
Dear Miss Smith
Dear Sirs Dear Sir or Madam
department the name of whom you
Formal Salutation
( the head of an organization or a
do not know)
2.6. Body of the Letter
Body of a letter goes two spaces after the salutation. Usually body of
the letter consists of three paragraphs each of which is about one logically
nished subject.
75
The letter should sound formally and respectfully but at the same time
friendly and sincere.
The letter should be brief, all thoughts must be logically nished and
clear. It is better to use short words and sentences. The maximum length of
a sentence must be from 8 to 16 words. In the business letters, it is preferable to use active verb forms instead of passive ones. Also, you may use
abbreviations, they are short and easily read.
Instead of You may use
At an early date (в ближайшее время) Soon, today, next week
Due to the fact that (благодаря тому факту, что) because
For the purpose (с целью, чтобы)
In advance of (в преддверии)
Have a tendency to (имеет тенденцию к) Tend to
In many instances (во многих случаях) often
Letter under the date of (письмо, датированное) Letter of
For
before
2.7. Complimentary Close
The body of the letter is nished with Complimantary Close. You can
use the usual clichés that should follow the salutation. There are the most
accepted complementary closes in English:
If salutation is: Dear Sir, Dear Sirs, Dear
madam, Gentlemen
If salutation is: Dear Mr. Hilton, Dear Mrs.
Hilton
Yours faithfully, (name)
Yours truly, (name)
Yours sincerely, (name)
2.8. Signature
After the complimentary close you put your signature. Usually signature comprises the following parts:
1. Name of the company on whose behalf the letter is written
2. The writer’s signature – in handwriting
3. Clarication of signature
4. Position of letter writer’s
2.9. Enclosure
76
Enclosure is used to point that a letter has some supplements. The most
widespread way to point it is to use Enc or Encs at the end of a letter one
space after the signature.
For example:
Yours sincerely,
James Hilton
General Manager
for Nick Smith
Chairman
Enc
2.10. Postscript
Information that is not written in the body of the letter because of different reasons is put down in the last part of the letter 2-4 spaces after
the signature. Postscript is usually started with the Latin letters P.S. (post
scriptum). Also, P. P. S. (post post scriptum) or P. S. S. (post sub scriptum)
can be used for information given after Postscript.
For example:
Yours sincerely,
James Hilton
General Manager
P.S. Please complete a report before Friday.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions:
1. What structure is used for a business letter?
2. Why is the block structure called this way?
3. What blocks does the block structure of a business letter have
4. Tell about the parts of business letters, their places and content.
Exercise 4. Arrange the following parts of the letters in the right
way:
Sincerely yours,
Tom Curtis
16 June, 2011
Dear Mr Hunt,
77
Merson Electronics
Cavendish House Worple Way
Bristol BS1 7QX
I am writing to conrm the arrangements for Dr Robinson’s visit to your
factory next month. She will be arriving at Changi Airport on ight BA
873 at 15.00 on 8 July. I would be grateful if you could arrange for a car to
meet her at the airport and take her to the Rafes Hotel where she will be
staying for the rst part of her trip.
Pansing International
100 Industrial Rd
Singapore 1953
a) Dear James
Yours sincerely,
2009 BUSINESS CONFERENCE, 10/11 DECEMBER 2009
I have pleasure in inviting you to attend our special conference to be held
at Sheraton Hotel, London on Thursday/Friday 10/11 December 2009.
This intensive, practical conference for businessmen aims to:
increase your business productivity
enable networking with business partners
The seminar is power-packed with a distinguished panel of professional
speakers who will give expert advice on many useful topics.
If you would like to join us please complete the enclosed registration form
and return it to me before 30 August with your fee of ₤50 per person.
I look forward to seeing you again at this exciting conference.
John Smith
Conference Secretary
78
Mr James Hilton
General Manager
JMK Co Ltd
34 Wood Lane
London
Great Britain WC2 5TР
15 October 2008
79
Unit 19. THE STYLE OF A BUSINESS LETTER
Exercise 1. Study the following words and word combinations:
1. full block style
2. block style
3. semi-block style
4. text editing program
5. indented line
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text:
The style of the business letter differs from the one of a personal letter.
There are three main styles that are used in the business correspondence:
full block style, block style and semi-block style.
1. FULL BLOCK STYLE
Full block style is the most used style of the business letters. The main
reason of this is that this style is the easiest to remember and it agrees well
with the text editing program.
Every new line starts with from the left margin: the letterhead, date,
inside address, salutation. Body of the letter, complimentary closing, etc.
Between the parts of the letter and its paragraphs use double space. Below
you can nd an example of a letter written with the full block style:
блочная структура с
выравниванием по левому краю
блочная структура с
выравниванием по правому краю
полу-блочный стиль
текстовый редактор
красная строка
Letterhead (1) MEYER
GmbHIMBERGSTER 46,7000 STUTGART 21
Bellevue Conference Center
1862
Fort Lauderdale Inside address (2)
Florida FL.2000
USA
November 12. 2000 Date line (3)
Dear Sirs, Salutation (4)
Subject: Annual Conference Subject line (5)
We are planning to hold our annual conference in Florida in may next
year and of our clients recommended Belevue to us.
80
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]