Пособие к учебнику технического английского языка «Nuclear English. Language Skills for a Globalizing Industry»

partners are currently at an advanced stage. The event attracted 235 experts from over 30 countries, representing state agencies, international organisations, leading companies in the industry, and major research centres and laboratories in Europe, the United States, Latin America and Asia. The participants also discussed the key and most relevant issues related to the design and operation of research reactors, presenting their own experience of implementing these kinds of projects. The discussion panels focused on topics concerning the nuclear fuel cycle, decommissioning, management, security and control.

An increasing number of countries are opting for nuclear power, beginning their programmes with research reactors, and then building nuclear science and technology centres to help them master nuclear technology and apply it in the fields of science, medicine, geology, agriculture and other areas of human activity. Represented by ROSATOM, today Russia is a world leader in the construction of research reactors. Over the last 50 years, the company has built more than 100 research reactors, including 19 overseas, many of which are still working in North Africa, Europe, Central and South-East Asia. In Russia, 52 research reactors are currently operating, accounting for over 20% of the total number of working research reactors in the world.

3.The National Research Nuclear University MEPhI and the National Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology (France) signed an agreement on educational and scientific-technical cooperation.

The National Research Nuclear University MEPhI and the French Institute INSTN (National Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology) have signed an agreement in the field of education and training in the framework of the IX International Forum “ATOMEXPO2017”. The document was signed by the rector of MEPhI Mikhail

Strikhanov and the Director of the INSTN Philippe Correa.

The agreement envisages cooperation between the two universities in the fields of education and science, in particular: mutual exchange of students at graduate and post-graduate levels; exchange of faculty and development of joint programs, courses, double degree programmes; teaching cooperation and exchange of information and documentation in the field of methods and tools in education. The first joint project will be the Franco-Russian student competition of scientific works.

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Active interaction of the main center of nuclear education of France through its tight links with the French CEA, INSTN and the leading Russian University in the field of nuclear industry MEPhI will actively help to improve the quality of specialists training for nuclear power of both countries.

For reference: The National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI" is a leading Russian University in the field of nuclear energy, cybernetics and nuclear medicine.

Today MEPhI is the all-Russian scientific-educational complex, having branches in all regions of presence of the State Corporation "Rosatom", the main partner and ally of the University. Nucleus and elementary particles physics, nanotechnology and nanomaterials, radiation and beam technologies, superconductivity and nuclear fusion, intelligent computer systems, nuclear medicine and medical physics – this is a partial list of promising areas in the University which it provides for students, engaged in both practical and research activity.

The National Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, INSTN is a public higher education institution administered by the French Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission, established in 1956. It is under the joint authority of the Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research, the Ministry of the Economy, Industry and the Digital Sector and the Ministry of the Environment, Energy and Marine Affairs. It is the main center of nuclear education in France. The Institute is committed to the European process by actively participating in the development of a European area for higher education in the nuclear sector. It is a founding member of the ENEN (European Nuclear Education Network) Association which is a network that promotes training activities in the nuclear energy sector. The INSTN chaired the association from 2003 to 2013 and is also involved in projects funded by the European framework programme for research and development (FPRD) to develop and standardise education and training in Europe.

Find other pieces of news about research and development in the field of nuclear energy.

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GRAMMAR

THE PRESENT

PRESENT SIMPLE is used:

Adverbs of frequency and time expressions

Usually, always, often, never, rarely / seldom, sometimes, “every” construction: every day / week / month / year, ect., on Monday / Tuesday, ect., in the morning / afternoon / evening, at night

Interrogative

Do + I, you, we, they + V? Do you use radioisotopes in medical treatment? Does +he, she, it + V? Does she use radioisotopes in medical

treatment? STATIVE VERBS (use only in the simple tenses)

Agree, appear (= seem), be, believe, belong, cost, feel, fit, forget, forgive, hate, have (= possess), know, like, love, mean, need, prefer, realize, remember, require, see, seem, smell, sound, suppose, taste, think, understand, want, etc.

PRESENT CONTINUOS is used:

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Time expressions

Now, at the moment, at present

PRESENT PERFECT is used:

Adverbs of frequency and time expressions

Just, ever, never, already, yet, for, since, recently, lately, today, “this” construction: this day / week / month / year, ect.

Affirmative

I, you, we, they + have + V3 You have found a medicine for malaria.

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Interrogative

Have + I, you, we, they + V3? Have we found a medicine for malaria? Has +he, she, it + V3? Has Mr. Gordon found a medicine for

malaria? For regular verb: V3 = V + -ed

For irregular verb: V3 = V3 (the last column)

Ex.1. Write the 3rd form and the past participle of the following verbs.

Argue, anticipate, attach, base, begin, behave, believe, break, buy, come, cure, damage, deny, detect, dissolve, do, emit, give, have, implant, improve, increase, inject, know, localize, lose, make, mean, perform, prevent, require, see, suffer, take, think, treat, want, understand

Ex.2. Write 10 sentences with them.

Ex.3. Open the brackets. Use Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect.

1. You (see) the doctor over there? Which doctor? Is the man in the brown jacket? No, I (talk) about the doctor who (wear) the blue shirt. Oh, that doctor! You (know) him? No, I (not / think) so. I (not / know) him either. 2. You (write) a new article about radiopharmacy now? 3. He just (finish) his health education programmes. 4. It (be) impossible for her to feel at home before radiotherapy. 5. What you (look) forward to? 6. Being at hospital it is not comfortable when the neighbour forever (slam) doors and (shout) during the night.7. Cancer treatment abroad (become) increasingly popular.8. Mary usually (work) at St. James Hospital, but she (work) this month in Nuclear Clinic. 9. Nancy (look) forward to positron emission tomography. 10. David (walk) to work every day. He (not / take) the bus. 11. Michael (look) for a chance for radiotherapy, but he (not / find) it yet. 12. That‟s worrying because the number of people with lung cancer (increase). 13. We already (solve) the problem. 14. I (not / see) David since 2010. 15. We (not / treat) cancer by radioisotopes very often. 16. What you (read) now? 17.

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What‟s the matter? Why the doctor (stop) the procedure? 18. I (have) dinner with medical engineers at the moment and we discuss the using of radioisotopes in medicine. 19. How long you (know) about radioisotopes in medicine? 20. They (inject) radioisotopes into patients‟ blood?

Ex.5. Make up the questions with the phrases using Present Tenses. Interview your partner.

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Ex.7. Complete the sentences. Use for or since.

1. Mary‟s' ill. She's been in hospital _____ Friday. 2. Mr. Jackson has been a medical engineer _____ last month. 3. Mr. Black is the best experts in radiology. I have known him ____ three years. 4. It's been 5 years _____ we use radioisotopes in medicine. 5. Don has studied radiological medicine _____ 5 years. 6. The hospital has been closed

____ noon. 7. Micky has cancer. He has had it ____ 2 years. 8. They haven't cured the heart cancer _____ months. 9. My dad has had his first practice in radiopharmacy _____ 25. 10. I've lived near nuclear medical centre _____ 2010.

Ex.8. Put the adverbs in brackets into the correct place in the sentences.

1.The doctors who use radiotherapy train for many years. (always)

2.Isotopes with long half-lives inject into the body. (never)

3.Nuclear medicine concerned with diagnosis work of different chemical principles. (sometimes)

4.Using radioactive iodine is safe. (usually)

5.Medical engineers and chemical workers deal with radioactive materials. (often)

6.Developed countries benefit from nuclear medicine and radiotherapy. (every year)

7.Does teletherapy damage more healthy cells than brachytherapy? (usually)

8.Doctors find new ways for using radioisotopes. (never)

9.Element of iodine concentrates in the thyroid (often)

10.Emitted photons detected a gamma camera. (seldom)

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Ex.9. Find and correct mistakes where necessary.

1.Tom is preferring radiotherapy to operations in cancer treatment.

2.I‟m OK and I don‟t need an ambulance.

3.Yes, I am understanding the point of a medical procedure.

4.How much is the operation with radioactive iodine costing?

5.Are you hearing some noise in the engineering centre?

6.Nancy is having a serious talk with her doctor now.

7.Why aren‟t you agreeing with me?

8.I am not liking nuclear medicine because of many risks.

9.I am thinking about finding new ways for using radioisotopes.

10.These medical results belong to me.

THE PAST

PAST SIMPLE is used:

Time expressions

Ago, yesterday, just now, then, when, in + “time, year”, “last” construction: last week / month / year, ect.

Affirmative

I, he, she, it, you, we, they + I trained a lot to work as a reactor engineer.

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action – Past Simple

Time expressions: While, as

PAST PERFECT is used:

past

Adverbs of frequency and time expressions: Before, for, since, till, until, by, by the time

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For regular verb: V3 = V + -ed

For irregular verb: V3 = V3 (the last column)

Ex.1. Write the 2nd and the 3rd forms of the following verbs.

Answer, be, become, break, carry, cause, clean, connect, cool, do, empty, encourage, find, give, hurry, know, lead, listen, live, maintain, make, obtain, permit, plan, play, prefer, read, regret, reply, rescue, respect, save, slip, stay, stop, understand, walk, wear

Ex.2. According the spelling rules put the verbs from Ex.1. into columns.

Ex.3. Make up a dialogue with your partner, use the verbs and their forms from Ex.1.

Ex.4. Complete the sentences. Put the verbs into Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect.

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