Коммуникативный кодекс речевого общения. Учебное пособие

(8)- Did you hear that Donald Trump was elected President of the United

States?!

-America is America!

(9)In a hospital ward:

Doctor: How are you doing today?

Patient: Awesome! [in a hospital bed with two broken legs and a concussion]

(10)- Lovely neighborhood, eh? [in a decrepit slum]

-Top notch.

(11)In a restaurant:

-Well, if you'll excuse me a moment, I'm going to powder my nose.

(12)- Do you like ice-cream?

-Is the sky blue?

(13)- Do you have any pets?

-I’m allergic.

(14)- This soup is a bit bland.

-Here you go. [passes the salt]

(15)- John recovered quickly after the car accident.

-He is one tough cookie!

(16)- Are you coming to Helen’s party?

-Is Bill Gates rich?

(17)- Why did you fire John?

-Business is business.

Задание № 3

Принцип Кооперации. Импликатура

Проанализируйте речевые ситуации. Определите, от каких постулатов Принципа Кооперации отступают коммуниканты. Вычислите коммуникативную импликатуру.

(1) In the hallway:

Phoebe: Hey...hey! (Sniffs) Oh, somebody smoked out here? Oh my god, don't people know, you're not allowed to smoke in public spaces?

Chandler: Actually, in Oklahoma smoking is legal in all common areas and offices with fewer than fifteen people.

Phoebe: You smoked!

Chandler: No! I just happen to know a lot of trivia about smoking in different states. («Friends»)

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(2) In the diner:

A young guy seated at the counter turns and watches Lorelai sip her coffee then gets up and approaches her.

Joey: You make that look really good.

Lorelai: Oh it is really good. It's the best coffee in town. Joey: Oh yeah? I'll have to get a cup.

Lorelai: Good plan.

Joey: Yeah, I've never been here before. Just passing through on my way to Hartford.

Lorelai: You're a regular Jack Kerouac. Joey: Yeah. Hey, you mind if I sit down?

Lorelai: Oh, you know what? Actually I'm meeting someone so I -- (Joey sits down as she's talking.)

Joey: I'm Joey. Lorelai: OK.

Joey: What -- you don't have a name?

Lorelai: No, I do have a name. I just -- I'm really meeting someone, so -- Joey: So I guess I should get going.

Lorelai: So soon?

Joey: What? («Gilmore Girls»)

(3) Interview with Mr. Medina

Rory is assigned to interview her English teacher Mr. Medina for the school

paper.

Rory: Okay. [turns on tape recorder] So I guess I'll just dive in. Full name? Mr. Medina: Max Arturo Medina.

Rory: You're kidding. Mr. Medina: No, I'm not.

Rory: Where does that come from?

Mr. Medina: My father's butcher was named Arturo. Rory: Really?

Mr. Medina: And when my mother was pregnant with me, she went through this phase where all she would eat was lamb chops. So Arturo would cut her the extra large lamb chops and only charge her for the regular sized lamb chops, which in my family made you eligible for sainthood.

Rory: Hence the Arturo. Mr. Medina: That's right.

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Rory: Well, I assume that you are aware that you were overwhelmingly voted the student's favorite teacher last year.

Mr. Medina: I teach an exceptional bunch of young people. I'm glad they seem to like me as much as I like them.

Rory: Have you ever thought of doing something other than teaching?

Mr. Medina: Well, my father wanted me to be a doctor, and my mother wanted me to be President, and I wanted to be. . . a clown.

Rory: What?

Mr. Medina: When I was a kid, I went to the circus and I saw this man who was dressed in this crazy outfit, and he could juggle and he rode on an elephant and the people loved him and I thought, 'Well, that's it. That's for me.' («Gilmore Girls»)

(4) «A Bit of a Chat» Father: Roger.. Roger: Yes, sir.

Father: Er — sit down. Roger, your mother and I were having a bit of a chat the other day, and she thought it might be a good idea if I was to have a bit of a chat with you.

Roger: Er… a bit of a chat, sir?

Father: A bit of a chat, yes, Roger, just… Roger: Er…

Father: A bit of a chat. Roger: What about, sir?

Father: Well, there’s nothing to be worried about, Roger, it’s just that, er, well, to be perfectly frank… how old are you?

Roger: Well, to be perfectly frank, sir, I’m coming up to eighteen. Father: Coming up to eighteen…

Roger: Well, on the verge of…

Father: On the verge of eighteen… Yes, well, I thought it might be a good idea to have a bit of a chat now, because I remember, from my own experience, that it was when I was just, you know, coming up to eighteen…

Roger: On the verge…

Father: …on the verge of it, that I first began to take a serious interest in the — um — in the — er — opposite… the opposite… number. Now I don’t know, Roger, if you know anything about the method whereby you came to be brought about.

Roger: Well, sir, some of the boys at school say very filthy things about it, sir.

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Father: This is what I was worried about, and this is why I thought I’d have a bit of a chat, and explain, absolutely frankly and openly, the method whereby you, and everybody in this world, came to be. Roger, in order… (Peter Cook & Dudley

Moore;)

(5) In the elevator: Detective Peralta: Sir. Captain Holt: Detective.

Detective Peralta: So how was your night? Of work. I'm not asking about your personal life. I don't care about you personally. I mean, I'm neutral. I mean, who are you?

Captain Holt: Floundering is worse than silence.

Detective Peralta: Oh, cool. Cool, cool, cool, cool. Cool, cool, no doubt. No doubt, no doubt. Man, this elevator's slow, huh?

Captain Holt: That's because you haven't pressed the button.

Detective Peralta: That's why you're the captain. So smart. I'm gonna just zip. («Brooklyn Nine-Nine»)

(6) In the coffee house:

Monica: God this adoption stuff is so overwhelming! There is inter-country adoption, dependency adoption. There are so many ways to go and this is the biggest decision in our lives.

Chandler: There is a hair in my coffee. («Friends»)

(7) Christmas Charity

Phoebe is collecting money for a Christmas charity in front of a department store. Monica comes to meet her.

Monica: How's it going? Phoebe: It's going okay.

Monica: Good. Let me help you out. Phoebe: Oh, thanks!

Phoebe: Is that a new suede jacket? It looks really expensive. Monica: Yeah. I guess.

Phoebe: Just get your nails done?

Monica: Yes, Phoebe, but this is all I have, okay?

Phoebe: Thanks. Happy Holidays! Here's your joy. («Friends»)

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(8) Joey’s adoption letter

Joey tries to write a helpful recommendation letter to an adoption agency for Chandler and Monica.

Joey: Hey, finished my recommendation. (hands it over to Chandler) Here.

And I think you’ll be very, very happy. It’s the longest I ever spent on a computer. Chandler: (reading) I don’t... uh... understand.

Joey: (sounding very proud of himself) Some of the words are a little too sophisticated for ya?

Monica: (also reading it) It doesn’t make any sense. Joey: Of course it does! It’s smart! I used the thesaurus!

Chandler: On every word? Joey: Yep!

Monica: Alright, what was this sentence originally? (shows the sentence to Jo-

ey)

Joey: Oh, ‘They are warm, nice, people with big hearts’.

Chandler: And that became ‘they are humid prepossessing Homo Sapiens with full sized aortic pumps...?’

Joey: Yeah, yeah and hey, I really mean it, dude.

Monica: Hey Joey, I don’t think we can use this.

Joey: Why not?

Monica: Well, because you signed it baby kangaroo Tribbiani (Joey makes a

‘and-what’s-wrong-with-that’ look). Hey, why don’t you stop worrying about sounding smart and just be yourself!

Chandler: You know what? You don’t need a thesaurus, just write from here,

(points at his own heart) your full sized aortic pump. («Friends»)

(9)Who wants cheese? Lorelai: Who wants cheese? Rory: Are there crackers?

Lorelai: Somewhere in the state of Connecticut, yes. Rory: And in the Gilmore house?

Lorelai: Who wants cheese? («Gilmore Girls»)

(10)In the police precinct:

Detective Santiago: Sarge, I'm freaking out about my gift that's not technically

a gift.

Sergeant Jeffords: Somehow, that doesn't surprise me.

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Detective Santiago: Something horrible has happened, and I don't know what to do. Has Captain Holt ever told you about the Brooklyn broiler?

Sergeant Jeffords: Yeah. Arsonist. Burned down 12 buildings in Crown Heights. Captain's told me about it many times.

Detective Santiago: Well, I think that Captain may have made a... mistake. Sergeant Jeffords: What are you talking about?

Detective Santiago: I was doing follow-up research on the case for a fun "where are they now?" section, and I don't think the broiler set three of the fires he was charged with. I gotta tell the Captain. Do you think he'll be upset?

Sergeant Jeffords: Probably not. I mean, he seems like the kind of laid-back guy who delights in having his mistakes exposed. [Sighs] Maybe next year you can do a collage about low points in his marriage. («Brooklyn Nine-Nine»)

(11) Interview with a rabbi

Bill Maher: You are one of the few Jewish people in the world who does not believe in the state of Israel. You do not think the State of Israel should exist.

Rabbi Weiss: Correct. Bill Maher: Okay.

Rabbi Weiss: God gave us the land of Israel.

Bill Maher: So basically you're saying that the Jewish people have not been holy enough to deserve the land of Israel.

Rabbi Weiss: God understands what is good for us, what is bad for us...

Bill Maher: First of all --

Rabbi Weiss: — ...what will bring us safety or not. Let me just finish. God told us, though, if you will go against God-- God manipulates the world --

Bill Maher: Okay, I --

Rabbi Weiss: Wait a second. Let me finish this. God said if you're going to try to make the state, you will be unsuccessful. You are looking through -- you're trying to look at this world through a keyhole.

Bill Maher: I'm looking through the key --

Rabbi Weiss: Let me finish. God is compassionate. Everything is directly from God, we believe.

Bill Maher: But it seems to me --

Rabbi Weiss: I'll now explain what you're asking. Bill Maher: Never again, rabbi. Never again.

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(12) Donald Trump on God:

Interviewer: Who is God to you? What are some of your thoughts on this?

Clearly, you’re a smart man, you’re a smart businessman, you’ve contemplated this before or have you contemplated this?

Donald Trump: Well I say God is the ultimate. You know, you look at this.. Look at this incred-… Here we are on the Pacific Ocean. How did I ever own this? I bought it 15 years ago. I made one of the great deals they say ever. This piece of land. I have no more mortgage on it as I will certify and represent to you.

Interviewer: We’ll see that.

Donald Trump: And I was able to buy this and make a great deal. That’s what I want to do for the country. Make great deals. We have to, we have to bring it back, but God is the ultimate.

(13) Ross is fine

Ross finds out about Rachel and Joey's relationship when he walks in on them kissing.

Rachel: Ross, this is not how we wanted you to find out about this. You have every right to go nuts.

Ross: I'm not going nuts. Do you see me going nuts? Rachel: No, but you know what I mean.

Ross: Hey, hey, hey. If you two are happy, then I'm happy for you. (Squeaky) I'm fine!

Joey: Really?

Ross: Absolutely. (Very Squeaky.) I'm fine! Totally fine. I don't know why it's coming out all loud and squeaky, cause really, (deep voice) I'm fine. («Friends»)

(14) Apology accepted

Monica and Rachel go to apologize to their neighbour Danny because they accidentally sprayed him with gas in the basement of their apartment building.

Danny: Yeah?

Rachel: Hi! You might not remember us, but we are the girls that fogged you. Monica: We're-we're really sorry we fogged you.

Danny: Okay. (He closes the door. Rachel's not happy with that and knocks again. He opens the door.)

Rachel: Hi! Just so you know, we-we didn't mean to fog you, we thought you were like a yeti or something.

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Danny: Okay. (He closes the door again. Once again, Rachel knocks (harder this time) and he answers it.)

Danny: Yesss?

Rachel: Hi! Sorry to bother you, but I don't think we can accept your acceptance of our apology, it just doesn't really seem like you mean it.

Monica: Yeah.

Danny: O-kay! (He closes the door before Rachel can say anything.) Monica: Wow! That guy is so rude!

Rachel: Really! What is with that guy? I mean you'd forgive me if I fogged

you.

Monica: Well you did a little bit. Rachel: Oh my God, honey, I'm so sorry! Monica: I totally forgive you!

Rachel: Really?

Monica: Yes! («Friends»)

(15) First pay check.

Rachel starts to work at the local coffee shop and she is happy because she received her first pay check.

(Rachel runs clutching up an envelope)

Rachel: Look look look look look, my first pay check! Look at the window, there’s my name! Hi, me!

Phoebe: I remember the day I got my first pay check. There was a cave in in one of the mines, and eight people were killed.

Monica: Wow, you worked in a mine?

Phoebe: I worked in a Dairy Queen, why? («Friends»)

(16) «Two other things. First, your mother. How often do you visit her?» «Every other day or so. Sometimes I take her food from the Iranian restaurant

she and Ollie liked — the Sunny Acres kitchen staff is happy to warm it up — and sometimes I bring her a DVD or two. She likes the oldies, like with Fred Astaire and

Ginger Rogers. I always bring her something and she’s always happy to see me. On her good days she does see me. On her bad ones she’s apt to call me Olivia. Or Charlotte. That’s my aunt. A also have an uncle». (S. King «Mr. Mercedes»)

(17) «Do you have a safe-deposit box?»

«No, but I could rent one. I use Bank of America, just two blocks over». (S. King «Mr. Mercedes»)

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Задание № 4

Несоблюдение Принципа Кооперации

Определите вид несоблюдения Принципа Кооперации в каждой речевой ситуации.

(1) In the courtroom:

Fuhrman: Good afternoon, Your Honor.

Judge Ito: You are reminded, Detective, that you are still under oath. Mr. Cochran, you may proceed.

Cochran: Thank you, Your Honor. Detective Fuhrman, was the testimony you gave at the preliminary hearing in this case completely truthful?

Fuhrman: I wish to assert my Fifth Amendment privilege.

Cochran: Detective Fuhrman, have you ever falsified a police report? Fuhrman: I wish to assert my Fifth Amendment privilege.

Cochran: Detective Fuhrman, is it your intention to assert your Fifth Amendment privilege with respect to all questions I may ask?

Fuhrman: Yes. («American Crime Story. The People vs. O.J. Simpson»)

(2) In the park:

Nick: Please don't do that, sir. Please. I would love to sit by myself right now. Old man: (sits on the park bench)

Nick: There's something real creepy about you, pal. You want to get weird? Let's get weird.

Old man: (silent)

Nick: You got a nice face. Old man: (silent)

Nick: Anger problem? Living with them? Are you kidding me? It's frustrating. It's like... just get a job.

Old man: (silent)

Nick: I like your hat. I like how it's not a team or a logo, it's just blue. Old man: (silent)

Nick: Would you rather be covered in fish scales or feathers? Old man: (silent)

Nick: Scales? Wow, you weirdo. Old man: (silent)

Nick: You want to see me jump really high? Ha! Ah ha! Old man: (silent)

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Nick: I'm afraid of dying, man. Old man: (silent)

Nick: Who am I?! Old man: (silent)

Nick: The enemy is en-e-my. The enemy is the ‘inner me’.

Old man: (silent)

Nick: Can you understand a word I'm saying? You just nod at everything. I need to change. And you've showed me that. I have an anger problem. Thank you. Can I get a hug? («New Girl»)

Задание № 5

Нераспознавание импликатуры

Проанализируйте речевые ситуации. Определите конверсационную импликатуру, нераспознаваемую коммуникантами.

(1) At the wood logging site:

Hoyt: Well, somebody must have told the truth about me, then. My whole life's gone from happy to hell inside just a couple days. I got no girlfriend, I got no roof over my head, unless you count my car, which is where I slept last night.

Jason: Yeah, I've been there.

Hoyt: Good to know I got friends, though. Jason: Friends are good. [SIGHS]

Hoyt: Because I need a place to stay. Jason: I reckon you do.

Hoyt: Jason, can I crash at your place for a little while or not?

Jason: Of course, man. That's kind of a nasty way to ask! («True Blood»)

(2) Uneasy sleeper:

Sheldon: I’ve never slept on an air mattress before. No lumbar support whatsoever. Howard: Maybe you’d be happier on a park bench?

Sheldon: I don’t see any way to get a park bench in here.

Howard: Do you want to switch?

Sheldon: No, that’s fine. I’m perfectly comfortable sleeping on a bouncy castle. Howard: Get out of bed, we’re switching.

Sheldon: Now, only if you want to.

Howard: Just get in the bed! («The Big Bang Theory»)

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