Иностранный язык профессионального общения (английский язык). Учебное пособие

1.5. Complete the sentence with a verb from the box.

1.The Quality Control Section checks that the products have no defects.

2.The Logistics Department ______ the transport of goods and materials.

3.Technical Support ______ specific questions from customers about how to use the product.

4.The Market Research Section _____ and analyzes information about the needs of customers.

5.The accounts Department _____ with invoices and payment.

6.The IT Department _____ the computer network.

2. Read what people tell about their departments and fill in the table given below.

Manager 1. I would like to talk about the Research Department. There are four specialists plus ten technicians. Our main activity is software research. We have a well-equipped laboratory and four offices. We are not in the main building. We work a lot with computer companies in the USA, so we spend a lot of our budget on travel.

Manager 2. I am in charge of Purchasing Department. There are five managers in the team and seven administrative staff. We are responsible for all purchases, raw materials, components, and other supplies. We travel a lot to Chine and the Philippines, and Korea. We have a large open-plan office on the second floor and two more offices on the top floor. We use fax and e-mail a lot.

Manager 3. My Department is Human Resources Department. We are on the first floor of the main building. We are responsible for recruitment and training. We spend a lot of our budget on computer and language training. There are six of us in the department, plus the Director.

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Manager 4. I am the head of the Communications Department. It’s very small.

There are three of us in large open-plan office on the ground floor. We are in charge of internal and external communications and public relations. Our main projects are the company newsletter, which we produce four times a year, and we are also responsible for the publication of the annual report.

2.1. Complete these sentences.

1.We …… a…… with…… companies in the USA, so we …… a lot of our …… on …… .

2.We are …… for …… purchases, raw materials, components, and other …… .

3. …… …… six …… …… in the department, plus the Director. 4. We are …… …… …… internal and external communications and public relations.

Language note. Describing your department

1. Describing the activity of the department

My department deals with/ is responsible for marketing/ administration, etc.

We organize tests/ studies/ research.

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We work with customers/ suppliers/ subsidiaries/ other companies in the group.

2.Describing the staffing of a department There are … people in the department. John Smith is in charge of the department

I am one of the managers/ technicians/ secretaries/ engineers

3.Describing the equipment/ premises of the department We have a large office/ three laboratories/ a small building. We use computers/ fax/ e-mail a lot.

We have a well-equipped laboratory/ a lot of technical equipment.

2.2.Think about a department you would like to work in. Use the language note above to give a short presentation about your department.

2.3.Fill in the table with the sentences given below.

Working conditions

1.I work very long hours.

2.It isn’t very well-paid.

3.I get a company car.

4.I get six week’s paid holiday.

5.They’ve got a good pension scheme.

6.I’m on a pretty good salary.

7.I’m hoping to get promoted next year.

8.I can do overtime if I like.

9.You can work your way up quite quickly.

10.They run a system of flexy time.

11.I get a regular pay rise.

12.I get private health insurance.

13.They’ve said I can go part-time after I’ve had my baby.

14.I’m taking a few days off next week. The kids are off school.

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15.I’m ambitious. I want to move up the career ladder.

16.They give us a bonus at Christmas.

2.4. Complete the text with these words and expressions:

Unemployed, was sacked, be made redundant.

Unemployment

a)Office worker, Luke Bradshaw, lost his job yesterday. He

(1)____when he was discovered using the internet to book his holiday during work time. Mr. Bradshaw was amazed by his employer’s decision. He said, “Everybody uses the internet at work – the company can’t sack us all!”

b)Around 250 workers at the BMW car plant in Birmingham face unemployment after the company announced that it plans to close the factory next year. 100 men will (2) ____at the end of January and a further 150 I June. The closure will have a devastating effect in an area where 15 % of the adult population is already

(3)____.

Синонимы!

was sacked = was fired, unemployed = out of work, be made redundant = lose jobs.

You are dismissed, sacked, or fired if you do something wrong at work or if you do not work to the required standard. You are made redundant when the company closes or does not have enough work.

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UNIT 3.

FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

Learn new words and phrases.

Before reading the text, learn the following words and phrases, which are essential on the topic:

articles of incorporation = memorandum of association -

договор об учреждении акционерного общества, меморандум, устав акционерного общества;

a business entity - фирма, компания, коммерческая организация, хозяйственная единица;

a close company = closed company = private company - частная компания (не имеющая права на публичную продажу акций); корпорация закрытого типа (компания с ограниченным числом участников);

dissolution of a company - ликвидация, роспуск компании; distinct legal entity - юридический субъект, самостоятельное юридическое лицо;

general partnership - товарищество с неограниченной ответственностью (члены такого товарищества несут как индивидуальную, так и солидарную ответственность по обязательствам товарищества);

an incorporator - учредитель корпорации; joint venture - совместное предприятие;

limited liability company (в сокращённой формеLtd.) -

акционерное общество с ограниченной ответственностью; limited liability partnership = limited partnership (в сокращённой

форме LP.) - партнёрство с ограниченной ответственностью (объединение физических и/или юридических лиц с целью

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(партнеров);

preference shares - привилегированные акции (с фиксированным дивидендом);

a public company - открытое/публичное акционерное общество (имеет право продажи акций на рынке ценных бумаг);

a share - 1) пай; 2) акция 3) ценная бумага;

a shareholder - акционер, владелец акций, держатель акций;

sole proprietorship = private enterprise = sole tradership -

единоличное хозяйство, индивидуальное предприятие (компания, которая находится в собственности и управлении одного человека);

a sole trader - частный (индивидуальный) предприниматель;

Read and translate the text.

Business Organizations:

Private Enterprise and Partnerships

There are three basic types of business organizations:

· The private enterprise is the simplest form. The sole owner and his/her business are not legally distinct entities. The owner has unlimited liability for debts of the business.

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·The partnership: two or more individuals are the owners, having expressly or implicitly agreed to establish and run a business for profit.

·The corporation: a distinct legal entity which is created under Company law and has an existence separate from its shareholders. A business entity is deemed to be a corporation only if the entity has at least three of the following four traits: limited liability, centralized management, continuity of life, and free transferability of interests.

There are also some other organizational forms which are not strictly classified as either partnerships or corporations - for instance, syndicates, business trusts, associations, joint ventures and cooperatives.

Private enterprise or individual proprietorship is the form of organization where the owner is in sole charge of the business and is responsible for its success or failure. Although advantages for the small business exist in this form, certain drawbacks make it undesirable for larger concerns. In the first place, the single owner is seldom able to invest as much capital as can be secured by a partnership or a corporation. If single owners are able to invest large amounts of capital, they run great risk of losing it all because they are personally liable for all the debts of their businesses. This is called unlimited liability. Only in agriculture, the individual owner is still a predominant figure.

Partnership is an association of two or more persons who have agreed to combine their labor, property, and skill, or some or all of them, for the purpose of engaging in lawful business and sharing profits and losses between them; in this definition, the term business includes every trade, occupation, and profession. The parties forming such an association are known as partners. Partners may adopt a fictitious name or use a real family name. The agreement to form a partnership is known as a partnership contract, the most important provision of which spells out the manner in which profits are to be distributed.

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There are two types of partnership: general and limited. General partnership is an ordinary partnership in which each partner is personally liable for the acts of every other partner in the conduct of the business and has unlimited personal liability for the debts of the partnership, and usually all partners participate in the management and conduct of the business. A limited partnership is a partnership consisting of one or more general partners and one or more limited partners. General partners manage the business and are personally liable for its debts and obligations. Limited partners invest money or other property in the business, but are not liable for the debts or obligations of the partnership.

A partnership can be formed only by contract. Any number of persons may contract to form a partnership, and firms of partners may enter into partnership with one another. New members may be admitted into an existing partnership only with the consent of all the partners. The agreement of partnership generally is for a definite term of years; if no duration is specified, it is said to be a partnership at will and can be terminated at any time by any partner. By agreement of the members, a partnership may be dissolved or terminated and the terms of the partnership agreement may be modified at any time. Death or bankruptcy of a partner, the insanity or misconduct of a partner, and the end of the period fixed for the duration of the partnership also operate to terminate the partnership.

Answer the following questions.

1.What are three basic types of business organizations?

2.Are there advantages and disadvantages peculiar to each of them?

3.What is the legal meaning of terms "limited liability" or "unlimited liability"?

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4.What is the difference between a partnership and a corporation?

5.How can a partnership be established?

6.What two main types of partnership are there? Describe them.

7.What is said to be "a partnership at will"?

8.How may a partnership be dissolved or terminated?

Are the sentences true or false?

1.Partnership is the simplest form of business organizations.

2.Individual proprietorship is the form of organization where a legal entity is separate from its partners.

3.Partnerships may have only real family names.

4.No new members may be admitted into an existing partnership.

5.The legal status of general and limited partners is almost the same.

Different kinds of business: match the different types of business with the definitions below:

1.subsidiary,

2.limited company,

3.multinational,

4.parent company,

5.franchise,

·A very large company with offices in many different countries.

·A business that is owned by another larger company.

·A company which controls a smaller company.

·A company which sells its shares to the public.

·A business which has a licence to use the name and sell the products or services of a larger company which provides support.

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·It’s a small …… business. My brother and I started it three years ago.

·It’s a huge company. They have ….. in every major city.

·The ….. are the people who oversee the running of a company.

·She works for a ….. of solicitors.

·This Government believes in ….. , so they do a lot to help people starting new businesses.

·As a limited company we have a responsibility to our ….. .

Prepare a list of five-seven questions of your own to ask about the forms of business organization. Be ready to interview the students in your group.

Read the following text and try to summarize the notion of the words ‘company’ and ‘association’:

A company is, in general, any group of persons (known as its members) united to pursue a common interest. The term is thus synonymous with association, but more often it is used specifically to identify associations formed for profit, such as the partnership, the joint-stock company, and the for-profit corporation. A company is not necessarily a corporation, and thus may not have a separate existence from its members.

A company might also not be able to sue or be sued in its own name, and thus would not be considered to be a legal person. Whether a company has either of these characteristics depend on the law of the jurisdiction.

Although associations of persons carrying on business must have existed from time immemorial, the oldest continually operating business in existence is Japanese firm Kongo Gumi, which was founded in the sixth century.

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