Времена английского глагола (2-е издание)

The Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense

(Настоящее совершенное длительное время)

Образование

The Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be в The Present Perfect Tense и причастия настоящего времени смыслового глагола. Причастие настоящего времени образуется путем добавления к основе смыслового глагола окончания –ing.

Ввопросительной форме настоящего совершенного длительного времени вспомогательный глагол to be ставится перед подлежащим.

Вотрицательной форме настоящего совершенного длительного времени в прошедшем отрицательная частица not ставится после вспомогательного глагола to be.

Сокращенные формы The Future Continuous (Progressive) in the Past Tense строятся следующим образом:

Отрицательно-вопросительные формы глагола строятся следующим образом: Have I not been working? / Haven’t I been working?

Have you not been working? / Haven’t you been working?

Has she not been working? / Hasn’t she been working?

Have we not been working? / Haven’t we been working?

Have you not been working? / Haven’t you been working?

Have they not been working? / Haven’t they been working?

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Употребление

1. The Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense употребляется для выражения длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом, длилось на протяжении определенного времени и все еще не закончилось, или закончилось непосредственно перед моментом речи. На момент, когда началось действие, обычно указывает обстоятельство времени с предлогом since, обозначающим временную точку начала действия. Чтобы указать, в течение какого периода длилось действие, обычно используется обстоятельство времени с предлогом for. The Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense может употребляться без указания на продолжительность действия, в таком случае это будет ясно из контекста.

Пример:

I have been waiting for you since the morning.

She has been working here for eleven years.

I have been expecting you.

2. The Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense употребляется для выражения действия, которое длилось недавно, но в настоящий момент оно завершено. В

данном случае The Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense используется для выражения эмоционального подтекста и описания повторяющихся действий.

Пример:

I have been buying pictures. I have been getting letters from him.

Your eyes are red. You have been crying.

3.The Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense употребляется в вопросах,

начинающихся с how long – как долго, since when – с каких пор.

Пример:

Since when have you been working here?

How long have you been learning English?

Раскройте скобки, используя Present Continuous или the Present Perfect

Continuous.

1. What you (to look) at? — I (to look) at that picture over there. I (to look) at it for almost half an hour and I still can’t understand what it is. 2. What Mary (to do)? — She (to practise) the piano. She (to play) since 12 o'clock. I think she must have a rest. 3. Here you are at last! 1 (to look) for you everywhere. 4. Why you (to smile) Robert? — I (to watch) your kitten. What a playful little pet it is! 5. I see you (to write) letters all the morning. Is it the last letter you (to write) now? 6. You (to sit) here for a long time. You (to wait) for anybody? 7. How long you

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(to study) English? — For three years already. 8. I (to work) at my report since Monday. Now I (to write) the conclusion. 9. Mary's mother (to have a rest) in the garden all day because she is ill. 10. She (to sleep) for ten hours! You must wake her! 11. David (to repair) the TV-set. He (to work) at it for an hour or so. 12. David (to wash) his hands. He just (to repair) the TV-set. 13. Why you all (to laugh)? Jim (to tell) you his anecdotes? 14. It’s six o'clock. I (to wait) for Ann for half an hour. I must be off now.

Объясните употребление времен the Present Perfect Continuous и

переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. a) All these days he has been talking about his new plan. He can't speak of anything else. b) Here is Mr. Madden who we have just been speaking about.

 a) I have been peeling potatoes for half an hour, but Mother says there isn't enough for everybody. b) Why are your hands dirty? — I have been peeling potatoes.

 a) Children, you have been swimming half an hour already. Get out of the water, quick! b) I am cold because I have been swimming for an hour.

4. a) They have been working in the garden since 10 o’clock. Tell them it is time to have lunch, b) I am very tired; I have been working in the garden.

5. a) Kitty, you have been watching TV too long, you'll have a headache; b) I have a headache; I have been watching TV too long.

Раскройте скобки, используя необходимое время глагола.

1. You (to pass) your exam in English literature? 2. I (to try) to learn English for years but I (not to make) good progress yet. 3. That book (to be) on the table for weeks. You (not to read) it yet? 4. I (to wait) here for her since 7 o'clock and she (not to come) yet. 5. I (to read) «War and Peace» for the last three months. 6. I (to think) about you all day. 7. He never (to be) here before. 8. I can't help being angry with you. You (to sit) here all the time and (to do) nothing. 9. There's nothing to be proud of; you (not to get) a single excellent mark as yet. 10.I (to work) so hard this week that I (not to have) time to go to the cinema. 11. The girls (to talk) about their new dresses for half an hour already. It seems they have nothing else to talk about. 12.I just (to talk) to him; he agrees to help us. 13. Some of our students (to join) the English club to get a better command of the language. 14. I (to know) her all my life and we always (to be) good friends.

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Раскройте скобки, используя the Present Perfect или the Present Perfect

Continuous.

1. She (to paint), or pretending to paint, for about six hours. 2. I (to do) a great deal of work today. 3. I (to read) your composition. I think you'll have to polish it up a bit. 4. They (to build) that bridge for several months, but they (not to finish) it yet. 5. He (to grow) so old that he spends most of his time sitting in an easy-chair. 6. “You'll have to speak louder, I'm afraid. I

(to become) very deaf,” said Randan. 7. What you (to do) with yourself, Edward, since I saw you last? 8. I expect you (to have) already a talk with Henry. He looks more cheerful. 9. This picture (to hang) here for as long as I can remember. 10. Edward is coming! How nice! I (not to see) Edward for years. 11. What you (to do) since Sunday? 12. I want to talk to you, Aileon. I (t o want) to talk to you for a long time. 12. I want to talk to you, Aileon. I (t o want) to talk to you for a long time. 13. Well, Bunter? — Everything (to be done) that can be done, my lady. 14. It's no use denying, my dear Dick, that you (to think) too much lately. 15. He (to lose) his dictionary. He (to look) for it all day, but (not to find) it yet. 16. She (to read) all the plays by Galsworthy. How many you (to read)? 17. Jim (not to be) here for three weeks. 18.I can't wait any longer. I (to wait) since five o'clock. 19. I (not to have) a good night's sleep since last week. 20. On the porch he looked over his shoulder and noticed a dark figure disappear round the corner of the house. “Somebody (t o follow) me again,” he thought.

Раскройте скобки, используя Present Indefinite, Present Continuous, Present

Perfect или Present Perfect Continuous:

1. Helen (to learn) English at the Institute. She (to learn) English since last autumn. 2. They are busy now. They (to discuss) an important question. They (to discuss) it since five o'clock. 3. Where is Mr. Smith? — He (to work) in the library. — He (to work) long? — Yes, he (to work) since morning. 4. My brother (to be) in hospital. He (to be) there for ten days. 5. Mr. Brown (to teach) F rench. He is a very experienced teacher. He (to teach) French for fifteen years. 6. I (to know) Peter well.

— Since when you (to know) him? — I (to know) him since 1940.

Переведите на английский язык:

1. Кого вы ждете? — Я жду товарища — Вы давно его ждете? — Да, я жду его уже около получаса. 2. Что вы переводите? — Я перевожу экономическую статью. — Как долго вы ее переводите? — Я перевожу ее уже час. 3. Я перевожу пять или шесть статей в неделю. 4. Где мой журнал? — Он лежит на вашем письменном столе. 5. Ваша книга лежит здесь уже несколько дней. Возьмите ее. 6.

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Мы знаем друг друга очень хорошо. 7. Мы знаем друг друга с тех пор, как я приехал в Москву. 8. Мистер Браун - директор нашего завода. Он директор заводам 1990 г. 9. 9. Мой брат живет в Киеве. — С каких пор он живет там? — Он живет там с 1945 г. на востоке и западе. Он рассказал мне о многих городах,

которые он посетил во время своих многочисленных путешествий. 17. Я

возвращался домой довольно поздно. Становилось уже темно, и шел дождь. Я шел быстро, так как я не взял зонтика и боялся промокнуть. Мимо меня проезжали машины. Вдруг одна из них остановилась возле меня, и кто -то окликнул меня. Я

узнал голос своего приятеля, доктора А. Он пригласил меня войти в машину, и

через пять минут я был дома. 18. Я читал весь вечер вчера. 19. Я пришел домой,

поужинал и начал читать газету. Вдруг я вспомнил, что я обещал своему приятелю вернуть ему английский учебник. Он дал его мне на два дня и просил меня вернуть его вовремя. Я встал, взял учебник и пошел к своему приятелю. 20.

Моя сестра еще спала, когда я встал, так как она вернулась домой очень поздно. 21. Я ждал его около получаса, когда он, наконец, пришел. 22. Они уже два года изучали английский язык, когда начали изучать китайский.

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The Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense

(Прошедшее совершенное длительное время)

Образование

The Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be в The Past Perfect Tense и причастия настоящего времени смыслового глагола. Причастие настоящего времени образуется путем добавления к основе смыслового глагола окончания –ing.

Ввопросительной форме прошедшего совершенного длительного времени вспомогательный глагол to be ставится перед подлежащим.

Вотрицательной форме прошедшего совершенного длительного времени в прошедшем отрицательная частица not ставится после вспомогательного глагола to be.

Сокращенные формы The Future Continuous (Progressive) in the Past Tense строятся следующим образом:

Отрицательно-вопросительные формы глагола строятся следующим образом: Had I not been working? / Hadn’t I been working?

Had you not been working? / Hadn’t you been working?

Had she not been working? / Hadn’t she been working?

Had we not been working? / Hadn’t we been working?

Had you not been working? / Hadn’t you been working?

Had they not been working? / Hadn’t they been working?

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Употребление

1. The Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense употребляется для выражения длительного действия, которое началось до какого-то момента в прошлом и продолжалось вплоть до этого момента. Момент в прошлом, вплоть до которого происходило действие,

выраженное the Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense, может быть обозначен глаголом в the Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense или предлогом by.

Пример:

He was tired because he had been working for six hours.

By the time you came he had been reading for two hours already.

Раскройте скобки, используя the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous или the

Past Perfect Continuous.

1. He (to read) his evening paper as usual when a friend of his called him. 2. He (to read) before the fire for half an hour when the telephone rang. 3. When we went to see them last night, they (to play) chess; they said they (to play) since six o'clock. 4. She felt chilly after she (to swim) for an hour. 5. They told me that Ben still (to swim). 6. The boys (to play)

football and did not hear their mother calling them from the window. 7. The boys were tired because they (to play) football. 8. We (to work) in silence for some time when John spoke. 9. He (to look) at the fire and (to think) of something. 10. He ( t o look) three or five minutes

entered the room Sir George (to talk) in a loud voice. 14. They told me Sir George just (to talk) about me. 15. Monty (to tremble) too in fits which shook his body from top to bottom. 16. She (to pull aside the book she (to read) and (to stand) up from the table.

Раскройте скобки, используя the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous, the Past

Perfect, или the Past Perfect Continuous.

1. After I (to be) introduced to Captain Meadows, I (to ask) him if he ever (to be) married. 2. Antonia (to stand) smiling in the doorway. She (to know) that they just (to talk) of her. 3. They (not to go) far when the girl suddenly (to cry): “Why we are in a garden!” Without knowing how, they (to enter) a large garden. 4. Early morning, when we just (to leave) the house we (to meet) the man, that we (to look) for since Monday. 5. But still he (to sit) there motionless. He (to be) tired, he (to be) very tired. It (to seem) to him that he (to be) tired for a very long time. 6. I (to find) that I (to be) too late to

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catch the London train. Hailing the first taxi that (to pass), I (to reach) the station at ten minutes to three, only two minutes after the train (to leave) it. 7. Sir George, who (to talk) in a loud voice, (to turn) round sharply. 8. Mrs. Meadows (to tell) me that he (to talk) about all the things that (to happen) to him in his long life. 9. It (to be) four o'clock when she (to hear) the sound she (to wait) for over an hour: the door at the bottom of the stairs (to creak). 10. It (to be) all so sudden that for a moment no one (to know) what (to happen). 11. She (to say) to herself all the way up from Oxford that she must have somebody to talk it over. 12. When I (to come) to see him the next day I (to learn) that he (to die) in his sleep. 13. Tony (not to know) that the man they (t o talk) about (to be) Michael's friend. 14. The moon (to rise) now and the lake (to be) fully visible.

Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в зависимости от смысла, в Past

Indefinite, Past Continuous, Past Perfect или Past Perfect Continuous:

1. He not (to see) me as he (to read) when I (to come) into the room. 2. When he was in Gorki he (to visit) the places where he (to play) as a boy. 3. The telegram (to arrive) five minutes after you (to leave) the house. 4. It (to rain) hard last night when 1 (to leave) the office. 5. The train could not stop because it (to travel) too fast at the time. 6. When I (to call) for my friend, his sister (to tell) me that he (to leave) half an hour before. 7. I (to shout) to him to stop, but he (to run) too fast and not (to hear). 8. Large crowds (to wait) at the station when the Soviet delegation (to -arrive). 9. When I (to hear) the news, I (to hurry) to see him. 10 We (to walk) to the station when it (to begin) to rain. 11. He (to sit) in the garden when the storm (to break) out. 12. He (to thank) me for what I (to do) for him. 13. When I (to wake up) this morning, the sun (to shine) high in the sky. 14. Before he (to enter) the Institute, he (to work) at a plant. 15. The manager (to leave) the office before I (to arrive). 16. When 1 (to go) to the room the next day, I (to find) the books exactly where I (to leave) them. 17. We (to walk) for about two hours when at last we (to see) the lake.

Переведите на английский язык:

1.Я жил в Лондоне, когда началась война. 2. Его телеграмма пришла, когда

явыходил из дому. 3. В прошлом году я часто ходил в театр. 4. Вчера я купил часы, так как потерял свои старые. 5. Он кончил свою работу к 6 часам. 6. Когда

япришел, машинистка печатала письма, которые я ей дал накануне. 7. Когда мой сын был болен, доктор приходил к нему каждый день. 8. Машинистка еще не

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напечатала всех писем, когда я пришел. 9. Я очень много читал прошлым летом. 10. Стало уже совсем темно, когда мы вернулись домой. 11. Она порезала палец,

когда резала хлеб. 12. Я провел свой отпуск в одной маленькой деревне на Волге.

Один из моих приятелей посоветовал мне поехать туд а. 13. Летом я заходил к ним каждый вечер. 14. Дождь еще не прекратился, когда мы вышли из дому. 15.

Я обедал, когда он мне позвонил. 16. На днях я познакомился с одним старым моряком. Он побывал во многих странах на во -

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The Future Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense

(Будущее совершенное длительное время)

Образование

The Future Perfect Continuous (Progressive) Tense образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be в The Future Perfect Tense и причастия настоящего времени смыслового глагола. Причастие настоящего времени образуется путем добавления к основе смыслового глагола окончания –ing.

Ввопросительной форме будущего совершенного длительного времени вспомогательный глагол to be ставится перед подлежащим.

Вотрицательной форме будущего совершенного длительного времени в прошедшем отрицательная частица not ставится после вспомогательного глагола to be.

Сокращенные формы The Future Continuous (Progressive) in the Past Tense строятся следующим образом:

Отрицательно-вопросительные формы глагола строятся следующим образом: Shall I not been working? / Shan’t I been working?

Will you not been working? / Won’t you been working?

Will she not been working? / Won’t she been working?

Shall we not been working? / Shan’t we been working?

Will you not been working? / Won’t you been working?

Will they not been working? / Won’t they been working?

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