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Времена английского глагола (2-е издание)

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3. During the apprenticeship period the student... to earn money.



shall begin



would begin



will begin

4. We... take a vacation this month.



is not



did not



shall not

Заполните пробелы необходимыми по смыслу выражениями с глаголом “to be”.

To be glad, to be ill, to be late, to be angry, to be hungry, to be in the office, to be tired, to be careful, to be good at, to be sure, to be on a business trip.

Peter is shouting at Mary. He is________________ today.

You’ve got a high temperature. I think you are _________

I can do nothing at all. I had a lot of work today. Oh, I ____

You know he is going to get married. ________________ ?

Let’s meet tomorrow at 10 a.m. Don’t ________________ !

Why ___your boss ______________ again ? What time ________ tomorrow. I need to send a fax.

Peter is a hard working pupil, he ______________ languages.

______________crossing the street! The traffic is heavy. I________________.I want to have a bite. I____________ to see you! How are you?

Заполните пропуски глаголом “to be “ в нужной форме.

You speak English fluently.___ from Britain?

I_____sorry, I_____late again. Tomorrow I ‘ll try to be in time.

He _____________ at home only in the evening because he_____very busy at work. He is preparing for the business trip.

How much_______this lovely dress? I______sure it’ll suit me.

Haven’t seen you for ages! How_____you? How____your family and a little daughter?

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It’s a pity ! I will not come to the party tonight. I_________in my office working over the project. Whose coat______this? I think It____mine.

I____thirsty. Would you be so kind to bring me a glass of water, please? -We’ll have a party tomorrow. Will you join us?

-I’d love to. I_______glad to meet all my friends!

10.Call me back tomorrow. I_________at home in the evening.

11.Don’t forget to congratulate Ann on her birthday or she______ angry.

Заполните пропуски необходимой формой глагола “to have”.

My best friend ______ a lot of spare time every day because he doesn’t work.

_____you_____a minute? I’d like to talk to you.

I wonder where is Peter? He ________some work to do>

Tomorrow morning I’ ll_______an appointment with my future boss.

What about going to the cinema?- I__________enough money.

When you were at school,_________ the best friend?

Call the police or we’ll ________ problems!

Next Monday I’ll _________an exam.

I decided to _______ a pet in my house because I’m very fond of them.

Tomorrow we’ ll______a party. Will you join us?

I am going on a business trip to London.-_________a ticket?

_______ some urgent business yesterday?

He_______ the desire to communicate with me. I don’t know why?

She _________ a large flat in the center of the city.

I am really very tired after this working week. I need to_______ a rest.

Какая форма глагола “to be” соответствует данным словосочетаниям?

The huge house on the river bank____

An old stupid goose____

A dinner

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A cheap sweater____

Attentive students____

The most interesting story____

Granny____

Summer holiday____

Quiet time in my life____

Noisy neighbors____

One way ticket____

Comfortable apartments____

Windy and cold weather____

The flight to London____

Dinner in the restaurant____

Expensive shopping____

Cheap sweater____

Поставьте вопросы к следующим предложениям (вопросительное слово дано в скобках).

Sally feels tired / Why?/

They want to buy some presents for their friends /Where?/

My Daddy wants to catch the 6 o’clock train / Why?/

Edward prefers to have lunch in the canteen / Why?/

Every evening Peter walks with his dog /Where?/

As a rule I get up early every morning / Why?/

Snow melts in spring /Why?/

We want to have a bite /Where?/

He studies English in London / Where?/

I hate loud and noisy music / Why?/

Usually Ann helps her little brother with mathematics / How?/ 23

The Browns always go to the seaside in summer / Where?/

Tom wears his old slippers at home / Where?/

Sometimes I drink tea for breakfast /Why?/

Jane plays the piano every evening / When?/

Расскажите, чем занимается ваш лучший друг на выходных. Составьте предложения, употребляя следующие индикаторы времени.

Often

Always

Usually

As a rule

Never

Frequently

Every weekend

Regularly

Sometimes

Seldom

Occasionally

As a tradition

Constantly

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The Future Indefinite (Simple) in the Past Tense

(Будущее неопределенное время в прошедшем)

The Future Indefinite (Simple) in the Past Tense употребляется в целях соблюдения правил согласования времен в косвенной речи при пересказе прямой речи в плане прошедшего.

Образование

Будущее неопределенное время в прошедшем образуется с помощью вспомогательных глаголов should и would и инфинитива смыслового глагола без частицы to. Вспомогательный глагол should используется для первого лица единственного и множественного числа. Вспомогательный глагол would используется для второго и третьего лиц единственного и множественного числа.

Ввопросительной форме будущего неопределенного времени вспомогательный глагол should / would ставиться перед подлежащим.

Вотрицательной форме будущего неопределенного времени в прошедшем отрицательная частица not ставится после вспомогательного глагола should / would.

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

Отрицательная форма

I should (would) work

Should (would) I work?

 

I should (would) not work

You would work

Would you work?

 

You would not work

He would work

Would he work?

 

He would not work

She would work

Would she work?

 

She would not work

We should (would) work

Should (would) we work?

 

We should (would) not work

You would work

Would you work?

 

You would not work

They would work

Would they work?

 

They would not work

 

 

 

 

Сокращенные формы The Future Indefinite (Simple) in the Past Tense строятся

следующим образом:

 

 

 

 

Утвердительная форма

 

Отрицательная форма

I’d work

 

I shouldn’t work

She’d work

 

She wouldn’t work

We’d work

 

We shouldn’t work

You’d work

 

You wouldn’t work

They’d work

 

They wouldn’t work

 

 

 

 

 

Отрицательно-вопросительные формы глагола строятся следующим образом: Should I not work? / shouldn’t I work?

Would you not work? / wouldn’t you work? Would she not work? / wouldn’t she work? Should we not work? / shouldn’t we work? Would you not work? / wouldn’t you work?

Would they not work? / wouldn’t they work?

25

Употребление

The Future Indefinite (Simple) in the Past Tense употребляется для выражения в прошлом действия, которое будет происходить в будущем.

Пример:

I was sure he would agree with me. – Я была уверена, что он согласится со мной.

He said she would come to London next month. – Он сообщил, что она приедет в

Лондон в следующем месяце.

Выберите правильный вариант:

1.By 1787 it was believed that the unity...

a)is disintegrating

b)will disintegrate

c)would disintegrate

2.I was sure that they … that problem by the time I called.

a)would have discussed

b)would be discussing

c)would discuss

3.He wondered if she … the article by noon.

a)would be translating

b)would translate cwould have translated

4.I found out that by the year 2007 she … at the University for twenty years.

 would have been working  would have worked

 would be working

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The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense

(Настоящее длительное время)

Образование

The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени и причастия настоящего времени смыслового глагола. Причастия настоящего времени образуется путем добавления к основе смыслового глагола окончание –ing.

Verb + ing

Read + ing = reading

Write + ing= writing

Go + ing = going

Put + ing = putting

Study + ing=studying

Die + ing = dying

Buy + ing = buying

Ввопросительной форме настоящего длительного времени вспомогательный глагол to be ставиться перед подлежащим.

Вотрицательной форме настоящего длительного времени отрицательная частица not ставится после вспомогательного глагола to be.

Утвердительная форма

Вопросительная форма

 

Отрицательная форма

I am working

Am I working?

 

 

I am not work

You are working

Are you working?

 

You are not work

He is working

Is he working?

 

 

He is not work

She is working

Is she working?

 

 

She is not work

We are working

Are we working?

 

We are not work

You are working

Are you working?

 

You are not work

They are working

Are they working?

 

They are not work

 

 

 

 

Сокращенные формы The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense строятся

следующим образом:

 

 

 

 

 

Утвердительная форма

 

Отрицательная форма

I’m working

 

 

I’m not working

 

She’s working

 

 

She isn’t working

We’re working

 

 

We aren’t working

You’re working

 

 

You aren’t working

They’re working

 

 

They aren’t working

 

 

 

 

 

 

Отрицательно-вопросительные формы глагола строятся следующим образом:

Am I not working? / Am I not working?

Are you not working? / Aren’t you working?

Is she not working? / Isn’t she working?

Are we not working? / Aren’t we working?

Are you not working? / Aren’t you working?

Are they not working? / Aren’t they working?

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Употребление

1. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense употребляется для выражения продолжительного незавершенного действия, происходящего в момент речи. Момент речи может быть выражен следующими наречиями или словосочетаниями: now, at present, at the moment, today, right now, still, etc., а может быть ясен из контекста.

Пример:

The children are watching the new cartoons now.

What’s that smell? – Something is burning.

2. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense используется для выражения будущего длительного действия (вместо The Future Continuous (Progressive) Tense) в придаточных предложениях условия и времени, которое вводится союзами if, when, while, as long… as,

ect.

Пример:

No ice-cream for me. I am coughing.

2. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense для выражения будущего длительного действия (вместо The Future Continuous (Progressive) Tense) в придаточных предложениях условия и времени, которое вводится союзами if, when, while, as long… as, ect.

Пример:

I shall be writing a letter while you are watering flowers.

3. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense в эмоционально окрашенных высказываниях может употребляться с наречиями, характеризующими постоянные,

привычные действия, вместо The Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense. Как правило,

эмоциональный признак является негативным. В этом случае могут употребляться наречия

always, constantly, ever.

Пример:

He is constantly talking at the lessons.

She is always writing with a special pen just because she likes to be different.

4. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense передает будущее событие, которое к моменту речи уже запланировано и произойдет в ближайшем будущем. В этом значении

The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense используется с глаголами движения или действия

(to see, to meet, to go, to come, to leave, to start, to move, to return, etc.).

Пример:

I am leaving tonight.

She is coming to us tomorrow to stop till next month.

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5. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense от глагола to go в сочетании с инфинитивом смыслового глагола в значении собираться, намереваться что-либо сделать

используется для выражения намерения совершить действие или уверенности в его совершении в будущем употребляется To be going + инфинитив смыслового глагола

выражает также большую вероятность или неизбежность совершения действия в будущем.

Подлежащее в этом случае является неодушевленным.

Пример:

She is going to spend her summer holidays in the country.

The sky is cleaning up, the rain is going to stop in a minute.

5. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense используется для обозначения действия в процессе, которое протекает одновременно с другим действием (выраженным

The Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense).

Пример:

John always talks when he is eating.

Примечание.

Некоторые глаголы не могут иметь форм Continuous (Progressive).

Глаголы мыслительной деятельности: to know, to mind, to understand, to believe, to forget, to remember, to mean, to doubt, to recognize, etc.

Пример:

Do you understand what I am speaking about?

Глаголы, выражающие эмоциональные состояния: to like, to dislike, to look, to prefer, to want, to care, to hate, to love, to need, to appreciate, to seem, to desire, etc.

Пример:

I need some help now.

Глаголы пяти чувств, зрения, обоняния, вкуса, слуха, ощущения: to see, smell, to taste, to feel, to hear, to touch, ect. Обычно они используются с модальным глаголом can.

Пример:

I feel something burning.

Глаголы обладания: to possess, to own, to belong, to have.

Пример:

This book belongs to me. Don’t take it!

Завершите предложения, вставляя глагол в требуемой форме.

come get happen look make start stay try work

1. 'You 're working hard today.' 'Yes, I have a lot to do.'

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2.I …for Christine. Do you know where she is?

3.It…dark. Shall I turn on the light?

4.They haven't got anywhere to live at the moment. They…with friends until they find

somewhere.

5.'Are you ready, Ann?' 'Yes, I ….

6.Have you got an umbrella? It….to rain.

7.You ….a lot of noise. Could you be quieter? I…to concentrate.

8.Why are all these people here? What…?

Завершите вопросы, используя слова в скобках.

1.... this week?' 'No, he's on holiday.' (Colin/work)

2.Why … at me like that? What's the matter? (you/look)

3.'Jenny is a student at University.' 'Is she? What ….?' (she/study)

4.………………………………….to the radio or can I turn it off? (anybody/listen)

5.How is your English? …. better? (it/get)

Поставьте глаголы в нужную форму, где необходимо, используйте

отрицательную форму.

1.I'm tired. I … (go) to bed now. Good night!

2.We can go out now. It … (rain) any more.e.

3.'How is your new job?' 'Not so good at the moment. I..... (enjoy) it very much.

4.Catherine phoned me last night. She's on holiday in France, She ….

(have) a great time and doesn't want to come back.

5.I want to lose weight, so this week I.... (eat) lunch.

6.Angela has just started evening classes. She..... (learn) German.

7.I think Paul and Ann have had an argument. They …. (speak) to eachother.

Прочитайте диалог между Браином и Сарой. Вставьте глаголы в нужной

форме.

SARAN: Brian! How nice to see you! What (1) …. (you/do) these days?

BRIAN: I (2) … (train) to be a supermarket manager.

SARAN: Really? What’s it like? (3)….(you/enjoy) it?

BRIAN: It's all right. What about you?

SARAN: Well, actually I (4)..... (not/work) at the moment.

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