Английский язык для студентов направлений подготовки 38.03.01 «Экономика» и 38.03.02 «Менеджмент». Учебно-методическое пособие

Western Hemisphere. Canada is the nation’s single best customer and supplier. The UK, the world’s fourth largest trading nation, is highly dependent on foreign trade. It must export almost all its copper, ferrous metals, lead, zinc, rubber, and raw cotton more than 30% of GDP.

Задание 12. Переведите текст Essential elements in market economy на русский язык и составьте список терминов, используемых в литературе по экономике и маркетингу, с переводом на русский язык.

Essential elements in market economy

A market, or free enterprise, economy is one in which the decisions of many individual buyers and sellers interact to determine the answers to the questions of What, How and Who. In addition to buyers and sellers, there are several other essential elements in a market economy.

One of these is private property. Speaking about "private property" we mean the right of individuals and business firms to own the means of production. Although markets exist in traditional and command economies, the major means of production (firms, factories, farms, mines, etc.) are usually publicly owned. That is, they are owned by groups of people or by the government. In a market economy the means of production are owned by private individuals. Private ownership gives people the incentive to use their property to produce things that will sell and earn them a profit. This desire to earn profits is a second ingredient in a market economy. Often referred to as the profit motive, it provides the fuel that drives sellers to produce the things that buyers want, and at a price they are willing to pay. The profit motive also gives sellers the incentive to produce at the lowest possible cost. Why? Because lower costs enable them to (1) increase their profit margins, the difference between cost and selling price, or (2) reduce prices to undersell the competition, or (3) both.

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ВАРИАНТ № 3 Задание 1. Переведите на русский язык и определите, из какого

языка происходят слова. Используйте Словарь иностранных слов в качестве справочного пособия.

catalogue, transportation, management

Задание 2. Переведите словосочетания на русский язык.

To close down a business, to conclude the contract, to have good references, to discuss qualifications

Задание 3. Определите сказуемые в главном и придаточных предложениях, укажите наклонение, время, вид и залог. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

Образец: writes – глагол to write в изъявительном наклонении, в настоящем времени, несовершенного вида, в действительном залоге.

Since my present position offers little prospect for advancement, I would prefer to be employed in an expanding organization such as yours.

Задание 4. Переведите выделенные слова на русский язык, исходя из контекста. Обратите внимание на использование глагола в эмфатической конструкции для усиления значения.

Do recognize your limitations and faults.

Do indicate your flexibility and readiness to learn.

Задание 5. Поставьте в предложение нужное слово, выбрав его из следующих слов: analyze, prolong, think about

Don’t ….the interview when applying for a job when it should be over.

Задание 6. Поставьте слово в скобках в нужную глагольную форму в вопросительных предложениях.

Whom could I (to contact) for further information?

What have you (to do) to instruct the managers of the firm?

Задание 7. Составьте вопросительные предложения со словами: type of job, work experience, working hours

Задание 8. Переведите на русский язык предложения, используемые при устройстве на работу.

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1.I regret to inform you that I am unable to accept this position, since I have received another, more attractive one.

2.Thank you for offering me this position.

3.I have pleasure in accepting this position and I am looking forward to commencing work next week.

Задание 9. Заполните пропуски необходимыми словосочетаниями: to apply for, offers, advertisement, information, experience.

“Want advertisements” are necessary to learn more information about job available. These ads may tell you about the education and …… required for the job, the location of the job, the working hours, and the pay. It also tells you how ….. that particular job.

Not all ads are easy to read. The longer a want ad is, the more money it costs to print. In order to save money, the employers leave some unnecessary words out of the ….. .

Reading all the want ads you will learn useful general information.

Задание 10. Переведите текст на русский язык. Напишите основную идею текста в одном предложении.

The main idea of the text is to show (to describe, to analyse) …

There are five areas in which practices are required to ensure the right spirit throughout management organization.

1.There must be high performance requirements; no condoning of poor or mediocre performance; and rewards must be based on performance.

2.Each management job must be a rewarding job in itself rather than just a step in the promotion system.

3.There must be a rational and just promotion system.

4.Management needs a “charter” spelling out clearly who has the power to make life-and-death decisions affecting a manager.

5.In its appointments management must demonstrate that it realizes that integrity is the absolute requirement of a manager, the one quality that he has to bring with him and cannot be expected to acquire later on.

A man should never be appointed to a managerial position if his vision focuses on people’s weaknesses rather than on their strengths. He should be a realist; and no one is less realistic than the cynic. A man should never be appointed if he is more interested in the question;” Who is right?” than in the question: ”What is right?” Management should never appoint a man

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who considers intelligence (ум) more important than integrity (порядочность).

Задание 11. Переведите текст на русский язык. Составьте два вопроса к тексту на английском языке.

How do we understand the term “marketing”?

The origin of this word is the Latin word “mercuri,” meaning “to track and barter”. Marketing, therefore, is made up, on the one hand, of such physical activity as transporting, storing, and selling goods, and, on the other hand, of a series of decisions that must be reached by any organization undertaking any part of the process of moving goods from the producer to the consumer. It’s also necessary to have a “hot line” for consumer inquiries and complaints to facilitate feedback from then market to the producer.

As defined by the committee on definitions of the American Marketing Association, marketing is “the performance of business activities directed toward the flow of goods and services from producer to consumer or user.’ Today discovering demand, managing demand, and physically supplying demand constitute the three major divisions of marketing effort

undertaken by many firms.

Задание 12. Переведите текст Markets compared to polling booths

на русский язык и составьте список терминов, используемых в литературе по экономике, с переводом на русский язык.

Markets compared to polling booths

Economists often compare markets to polling booths. However, unlike the booths in which people vote for politicians, markets provide a kind of economic polling booth for buyers to cast their votes (in the form of purchases) for the goods and services they want.

Producers interpreting the votes correctly by producing the things that buyers demand can earn profits. Those interpreting the voting incorrectly, producing too much or too little, or charging a price that is too high or too low, do not earn profits. In fact, they often lose money.

Consumer votes can be a matter of life and death to business in a market economy. As hundreds of thousands of followers of the And-So-

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Forths descended upon their local shoe stores in search of saddle shoes, the store managers did their best to find the hot new item. They did this because they knew that the sales of these shoes would add to their profits.

Manufacturers soon learned about the calls for the new shoe style from their wholesale customers and did their best to satisfy life requests because they too were interested in profits.

For markets to work, the laws of a country and the values of its people must support the system. A market system, sometimes called free enterprise, is supported by four “pillars”: private property, the price system, competition, and entrepreneurship.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 3

ТЕМА: At the exhibition. На выставке.

/ Marketing and Advertising. Маркетинг и реклама.

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу № 3, необходимо изучить следующие разделы курса английского языка, используя рекомендуемые пособия и справочные материалы с указанными конкретными страницами для ознакомления.

1. Многозначность слов. Словарные и контекстуальные значения слов. Эквиваленты и варианты в переводе. Поиск точного значения или соответствия английского слова. / См. предисловие или вводную статью к англо-русскому словарю.

2.Сокращения английских слов, используемых в деловой жизни. /См. Пос. 3 стр.74-76.

3.Неличные формы глагола – причастие, герундий, инфинитив. Причастие. Формы, функции, перевод. Зависимый и независимый причастные обороты. / См. Пос. 1 стр. 168-171, Пос. 2 стр.162-163, Пос. 3 стр. 81-84, Пос. 4 стр. 126-131.

4."ed"-формы. Распознавание в тексте причастия прошедшего времени и глагола в прошедшем времени. / См. Пос. 3 стр. 81-84, 197198.

5.Герундий как специфическая форма в грамматике английского языка. Перевод герундия на русский язык. /См. Пос. 1. стр.171-175, Пос. 2 стр.166-168.

6."ing"- формы. Отглагольное существительное (the reading), герундий (my reading, on reading), причастие настоящего времени

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(reading). Распознавание указанных форм в тексте.

7.Числительные. / См. Пос.1 стр.137-144, Пос. 3 стр.79-81.

8.Предлоги и союзы. Их особая роль в тексте. / См. Пос. 3 стр. 108-110, Пос. 4 стр. 202-206.

Рекомендуемые учебные пособия и справочные материалы

* Пос. 1. Агабекян И.П. Английский для экономистов / И.П. Агабекян, П. И. Коваленко. – Изд.7-е доп. и перераб. – Ростов н/Д : Феникс, 2006. – 413 с. – (Высшее образование)

* Пос. 2. Зайцева С.Е. Английский язык для экономистов. Course for Students in Applied Economics : учеб. пособие / С. Е. Зайцева,

Е. С. Шибанова – М.: КНОРУС, 2008. – 184 с.

*Пос. 3. Богацкий И. С., Дюканова Н. М. Бизнес-курс английского языка. – Киев, 2003. – 352 с.

*Пос. 4. Крылова И.П., Крылова Е.В. Английская грамматика для всех: Справ. пособие. – М.: Высш. шк., 1989. – 279 с.

*Пос. 5. Цветкова Т.К. Путеводитель по грамматике английского языка: учебное пособие. – Москва : Проспект, 2011. – 168 с.

ВАРИАНТ № 1

Задание 1. Установите все значения следующих многозначных слов, используя словари и справочники.

performance licence to undertake maintenance value

Задание 2. Расшифруйте следующие сокращения слов, используемых в английской деловой корреспонденции.

Ad CV fig. contr. p.a.

Задание 3. Переведите на английский язык слова по теме "Международные выставки и реклама".

Беседа за круглым столом, буклет, национальная выставка, деловая активность, давать интервью, посетить выставку, внешнеэкономические связи.

Задание 4. Напишите числа словами на английском языке. 121 3,627 в 1828 году 5/8 0,03 10% 36С 1-ый

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Задание 5. Поставьте предлоги после глагола, чтобы получить указанные значения слов. Уточните правильность выбора по словарю.

Задание 6. Образуйте причастия в нужной форме из глаголов в скобках. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

(to study) advertising materials, our manager found out many interesting things about exhibitions and fairs.

(to reduce) the price, we managed to sell more consumer goods.

Задание 7. Определите предложение, содержащее независимый причастный оборот, и переведите его на русский язык.

He’ll reply to all questions concerning the design of the equipment. Our director being in a business trip, I have to phone him.

Having provided technical support for all our equipment we discussed the problems of computerization.

Задание 8. Определите, в каком предложении используется герундий. Переведите это предложение на русский язык.

Does our new processing equipment interest you?

We are interested in importing these goods as soon as possible.

It is impossible to organize the training for the engineers next week.

Задание 9. Определите, какая грамматическая форма, оканчивающаяся на "ed ", используется в предложениях – глагол в прошедшем времени или причастие прошедшего времени?

We agreed to discuss all questions about finished products tomorrow. The new equipment is fully computerized.

We’ve worked hard and we’ve achieved some success.

Задание 10. Определите в предложениях слова, выполняющие функции подлежащего и сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

We have also sent you some documents to facilitate customs clearance. When they send e-mail messages, they only have to pay for their phone

calls to their local service providers.

All the information that you need is I this report.

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Задание 11. Переведите на русский язык. Обратите внимание, как передаются предлоги с английского языка на русский. Составьте на английском языке 3 вопроса к тексту.

Advertising as a Career in the USA

Advertising is any paid form of non personal presentation and promotion of products, services, or ideas by an identifiable individual or organization. It flourishes mainly in free – market, profit – oriented countries. It is one of the most important factors in accelerating the distribution of products and helping to raise the standard of living. Advertising cannot turn a poor product or service into a good one, but what it can do – and does – is to create an awareness about both old and new products and services, So the three main objectives of advertising are:

(1)to produce knowledge about the product or service;

(2)to create preference for it; and

(3)to stimulate thought and action about it.

Careers in advertising may involve working for advertisers, media, advertising agencies, or suppliers and special services. In the opinion of American specialists, at most, only 35 colleges and universities in the USA have effective courses in advertising education. Fewer than 10 offer any truly significant amount of graduate work in advertising. However, advertising draws people from a variety of educational backgrounds.

Задание 12. Переведите текст Learning to Use Advertising на русский язык и составьте список терминов, используемых в литературе по экономике, с переводом на русский язык.

Learning to Use Advertising

Advertising is one of the nation’s largest industries. In 1981 for example, American business spent over $100 billion to advertise its products. Since consumers are the principal target of these sales campaigns, we ought to know something about the services advertisers perform, as well as some of the techniques they use.

The Benefits of Advertising. Advertising benefits consumer and the economy in a number of ways:

• It provides us with information about prices, improvements in certain goods and services, and the availability of new ones.

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•Advertising often results in lower prices. By creating mass markets, advertising enables producers to reduce the costs of their products and pass those savings on to the consuming public.

•Advertising stimulates competition, and competition benefits us all. Advertising by one firm puts pressure others within the industry to do at least as well to attract the consumer’s dollar.

•Advertising pays most of the cost of magazines and newspapers, and all of the cost of commercial radio and TV.

•Advertising helps the economy as a whole by stimulating consumer demand.

The Price We Pay for Advertising. Not everyone agrees that advertising benefits the economy. Critics list the following points as its disadvantages:

•The information contained in advertising docs not inform and often misleads the consumer.

•Because it costs money to advertise, this cost adds to the price consumers pay.

•Consumers are tempted to spend money for products they do not really need.

A Radio and TV are not really free because the cost of advertising on them is also passed on to the consumer.

ВАРИАНТ № 2

Задание 1. Установите все значения следующих многозначных слов, используя словари и справочники.

Application department to approve consignment course

Задание 2. Расшифруйте следующие сокращения слов, используемых в английской деловой корреспонденции.

Co NB ref doc a.m.

Задание 3. Переведите на английский язык слова по теме "Международные выставки и реклама".

Проведение выставки, витрина, деловая атмосфера, торговые контакты, рекламное приложение, наружная реклама, деловые связи

Задание 4. Напишите на английском языке указанные числа словами.

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217 4,731 в 1997 году 2/3 0.07 20% второй

Задание 5. Поставьте предлоги после глагола, чтобы получить указанные значения слов. Уточните правильность выбора по словарю.

Задание 7. Определите предложение, содержащее независимый причастный оборот, и переведите его на русский язык.

Our new equipment being not a bad choice, we need not buy machinery this year.

To put equipment into operation we need experienced personnel operating it.

Having got the fully computerized equipment, our company made it possible for even inexperienced personnel to operate it.

Задание 8. Определите, в каком предложении используется герундий. Переведите это предложение на русский язык.

We are looking for new machinery for our plant.

He is responsible for signing the contract and providing technical support for all equipment.

There is no need to send your specialists to our training centres.

The equipment discussed is fully computerized.

We have worked hard and our firm has achieved great success.

It was easy for even inexperienced personnel to operate the computer.

Задание 10. Определите в предложениях слова, выполняющие функции подлежащего и сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

He will try to settle the problem and ring you back after the meeting. If people see that they can make money from the Internet, commercial

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