Английский язык для профессиональной практики. Учебное пособие

1. Define the forms of the Infinitive (Passive or Active; Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect or Perfect Continuous) in the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.

1.I want to see your house.

2.It should be done.

3.The mistakes must be corrected.

4.Susan isn't at the office. She may be working at home.

5.I remember to have seen your face somewhere. Have we met before?

6.The child must be found.

7.He must have been working all night.

8.I'm proud to have been taught by this teacher.

9.It’s nice to be sitting here with you.

10.It’s good to have finished work for the day.

11.I’m sorry not to have come on Friday.

12.There is a lot of work to do.

13.There is a lot of work to be done.

14.He was too tired to answer all the questions.

15.They came only to be examined by this doctor.

2. Replace the subordinate clauses by infinitives in various functions.

Model: The child is very proud that he pressed the button in the lift. The child is very proud to press the button in the lift.

1. I am proud that I have completed this work by the end of the month. 2.They are glad that they have seen film. 3.There is no lift in the house which takes us to the upper stories. 4. She said she was sorry that she had offended you. 5. I’m sorry that I didn’t come on Sunday. 6.We have a comfortable bed in which you can sleep. 7.He bought some interesting books which he will use in his study. 8. Ann was surprised when she heard his voice.

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COMPLEX OBJECT

They wanted her to ask about the new rules. - Они хотели, чтобы она спросила про новые правила.

They heard her ask about the new rules. - Они слышали, как она спросила про новые правила.

1.Complete the following sentences using the infinitive with or without to.

1.He asked us ________ (listen) to his explanations.

2.Our boss made us _____________ (write) the report.

3.They let us ____________ (use) our laptops.

4.He noticed me ____________ (take) my medicine several times.

5.I made myself ____________ ( type) as quickly as I could.

6.She watched us _____________ (work) and didn’t say anything.

2.Open the brackets and use the Complex Object.

1.Do you want (they / stay) at our hotel?

2.I would like (the professor / look through) my report.

3.We considered (he /be) an honest person.

4.I would like (the dress / iron) by the evening.

5.We doesn’t want (he / be late) for concert.

3.Fill in the correct form of the Infinitive to make Complex Object.

1.Our boss made us _______ (rewrite) this agreement once again.

2.The lawyer advised us _______ (rewrite) the agreement.

3.The lawyer advised the agreement_____________(rewrite).

4.Please, let me _______ (know) when your Chief Engineer returns from New York.

5.I find this project _______ (be) very unusual and interesting.

6.Ann didn't want me _______ (tell) everybody about her promotion.

7.I watched the workers _______ (set up) the equipment.

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8. I would like you _______(use) spelling corrector before you send e-

mails.

4. Translate the sentences into English using Complex Object.

1. Я бы хотел, чтобы вы доставили оборудование к концу месяца. 2. Вы сегодня увидите как устанавливают новое оборудование. 3.Мы бы хотели чтобы этот договор был подписан как можно скорее. 4.Я слышал, что его имя упоминали на совете директоров. 5. Я бы хотел, чтобы встреча была назначена в понедельник. 6. Адвокат настаивал, чтобы на всех документах были поставлены печати. 7. Они наблюдали, как проводят эксперимент. 8. Он ожидал, что его пригласят на эту конференцию. 9. Они требовали, чтобы оборудование было поставлено в срок. 10.Я слышал, как они обсуждали эту проблему. 11. Я бы хотел, чтобы эксперимент был завершен в срок. 12. Он настаивал, чтобы все документы были распечатаны. 13. Они наблюдали, как студентывыполняют лабораторную работу.

COMPLEX SUBJECT

He is said to be asked about the new rules rather often. - Говорят, его спрашивают о новых его правилах довольно часто

He seems to be asked about the new rules rather often. - Видно, его часто спрашивают о новых правилах.

He is likely to be asked about the new rules. - Вероятно, его спросят о новых правилах.

1. Translate into Russian.

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5.He ordered the meeting____________________because of his illness. a) to cancelled b)cancelled c) to be cancelled d) be cancelled

6.The workers ______________________ the equipment at the moment.

a) is reported to set up b)are reported set up c)reported to be setting up d)are reported to be setting up

7. He __________________ English well.

a)seems to speak b)seem to speak c) seem speak d)to seem speak

8.They believed __________________________the greatest scientist. a)he is b)him be с)him to be d)his to be

9. I’m glad _____________________ you again. a) to see b) see c) have seen d) be seeing

10.He insisted the letter __________________.

a) correct b)be correct c) to correct d) to be corrected

11.They have a comfortable conference hall______________this meeting. a) to hold b) hold c)be held d)to be held

12. The meeting is certain___________in the a comfortable conference hall. a) to hold b) hold c)be held d)to be held

13.We suppose__________________to this conference. a) to invite b)invite c)to be invited d)be invited

14. The conference _________________in London.

a)is likely to be held b)like to be held c)like to hold d)like hold

15.I appriciate________________to your conference. a)to invite b)invite c)be invited d)to have been invited

16.He's clever enough __________________ this dispute. a)not to join b)not join c)not join d)join

17.She was expected _____________on time.

a)arrive b)to arrive c)to be arrive d)be arrive

18.Where is professor Johns? - He is not here. He is said _____________to the conference.

a)go b)to have gone c)be gone d)gone

19.He________________to go to the business trip this month.

a)says b)seem c)likely d)is likely

20. This discovery was announced ________________ one of the greatest achievements in the field of physics.

a)be b)is c)to be d)to

PresentPassive.

We normally use the present passive tense when describing a process or procedure or when making general statements of fact. Paper is made from wood. The trees are cut down.

PastPassive.

When were report a particular procedure and are concerned with only one particular occasion in the past; then we use the past passive tense.

The capillary was filled with mercury and all air excluded. Air was admitted to the chamber and heated.

PresentPerfectPassive.

This tense is often used in the introduction where you might want to refer to things relating to your work that have happened,or been said, recently.

For example, it has been suggested that cathepsin Spromotes motility of cilia. On the other hand, the possibilities of computational modelling have increased in the last few years, enabling the models to be much more realistic.

Passive with Modals. These are commonly found in technical and scientific writing in such phrases as It should be made clear that…It cannot be assumed that…

Points to check in yourwriting

The passive forms is placed on/given to/by are preferable in English to the active:

During the last two years of study,increasing emphasis is placed on practical training.

Figure 6 in the previous section shows that, for the Lorenz system, better results are given by quadratic than linear functions.

Using passive constructions is one way of avoiding the first person singular in technical or scientific writing

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It can be concluded that…

In long sentences active constructions are better because the verb in passive constructions could come at the end of the sentence, which makes a construction clumsy.

passive For this reason, thee mission and excitation spectra of Hg2CL2 lumine scence on virgin samples and samples exposed to UV light and X-ray were studied.

active For this reason, the subject of the study was thee mission and excitation spectra of…

Overuse of the passive should be avoided. Variation between active and passive verb forms keeps there ader more interested: In domestic trade, more than 50% actual sales are derived from wood and building materials, while there comes from furnishing materials for buildings and engineering services.

Scientific writing is usually done in an impersonal style. Information and facts are more important than personal opinions or attitudes. This style is also used to put a certain distance between the writer and the arguments proposed and thus makes them more objective.

1.Transform this sentences into Passive Voice:

1.The scientists sequenced the DNA.

2.As you can see we have equipped our laboratory with modern computers.

3. In Russia Alexandr Lodinin invented an electric bulb. 4.They discuss this article at the conference.

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5.We will built the new research centre in this town. 6.The scientists often refer to his article.

7. Popov invented radio in Russia.

8.I will translate this article next week.

9.People have observed this phenomena of nature for many centuries.

10.They have been investigating this phenomenon for ten years.

2. Translate the sentences into English using Passive Voice. Remember! The word order of English and Russian sentences is often not coincide.

1.Наэтиданныечастоссылаются. 2.Наэтойдатебудутнастаивать. 3.Об этом ученом много говорили. 4.На качество этих приборов можно положиться. 5.За теорией последовали эксперименты. 6.О сроках договорились. 7.На скорость реакции влияет много факторов. 8.Из какого металла изготовлена эта деталь? 9.На заводе установили новое оборудование. 10.Этому инженеру предложили должность менеджера. 11.Нас пригласили принять участие в международной конференции. 12.Данное вещество уже определили. 13.Чистоесеребробылополученововторомциклеэксперимента. 14.Отходы сжигаются, не входите в лабораторию! 15.Температура плавления ещенеопределена, ивеществовсеещетвердое.

TEST # 3

Complete the sentences

1.This device ________________ in 1920.

a)is invented b) was invented c )were invented d)will be invented

2.We hope, such device________________in the nearest future. a)is invented b) was invented c )were invented d)will be invented

3.Nowadays "greenhouse effect" ___________________much about. a) is spoken b)are spoken c)were spoken d)was spoken

4.The reasons of this phenomena ___________________ two years ago.

a)is discovered b)was discovered c)were discovered d)have been discovered

5. This method can ___________upon.

a)relied b)was relied c)be relied d)will be relied

6.This method _______________by scientists two centuries ago. a)used b)was used c)be used d)will be used

7.Don't enter there! A very important question _______________now. a) is discussed b)is being discussed c)be discussed d)discussed

8.This question must ___________________immediately.

a) is discussed b)is being discussed c)be discussed d)discussed

9.This question __________________at the every conference on global warming.

a) is discussed b)is being discussed c)be discussed d)discussed

10.His new article _________________ on everywhere last year.

a) is commented b)was commented c)be commented d)commented

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11. He ________never __________to so attentively.

a)is listened b)was listened c)be listened d)has been listened

12.Today global warming _________________ with human intervention with nature .

a) is connected b)was connected c)be connected d)will be connect

13.In future wind and solar power ___________________everywhere. a)used b)was used c)be used d)will be used

14.Nowadays wind and solar power should _____________everywhere. a)used b)was used c)be used d)will be used

15.These models ____________________now at the plant.

a)is tested b)was tested c)are being tested d)have been tested

16.Measures should ____________ to avoid such a problem in future. a) is taken b)was taken c)be taken d)have taken

17.The engineer has already been sent _________.

a) to b)for c)at d) -

18. This gas ________________to electromagnetic field.

a) exposed b)be exposed c) have been exposed d) has been exposed

19.In this work the most important issues of modern science __________. a) are touched upon b) be touched upon c) are touched d) touched upon

20.The experiment must ___________ahead of schedule.

a) is completed b)was completed c)be completed d) completed

Appendix #1

The Beginnings of a letter

We are writing to enquire about...

We are writing in connection with ...

We are interested in ... and we would like to know ...

If you are answering a letter, you can start:

Thank you for your letter of (date)

We have received your letter of (date)

I am (we are writing) regarding

-your inquiry about …

-our phone conversation … In reply to your request Thank you for contacting us.

Contacting the recipient for the first time

I am (we are) writing to

-inform you that …

-confirm …

-enquire about …

-complain about …

I am contacting you for the following reason.

I recently heard about … and would like to …

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Making a request

We would appreciate it if you would …

I would be grateful if you could …

Could you please send me …

Could you possibly tell us …

It would be helpful if you could send us …

Giving good news

We are pleased to announce that …

I am delighted to inform you that …

Giving good news

We regret to inform you that …

I’m afraid it would not be possible to …

Unfortunately we are unable to …

After careful consideration we have decided …

The Salutations in English business correspondence