Английский язык для механико-технологического факультета. Мехатроника и робототехника. English for mechanical engineering faculty. Mechatronics and ro

Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации НОВОСИБИРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

С. В. НИКРОШКИНА

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК ДЛЯ МЕХАНИКО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО

ФАКУЛЬТЕТА

МЕХАТРОНИКА И РОБОТОТЕХНИКА

ENGLISH FOR MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING FACULTY

MECHATRONICS AND ROBOTICS

Утверждено Редакционно-издательским советом университета

в качестве учебного пособия

НОВОСИБИРСК

2024

READING

1. Read and translate the text.

EVOLUTION OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEM

In several technical areas the integration of products or processes and electronics can be observed. This is especially true for mechanical systems which developed since about 1980. These systems changed from electromechanical systems with discrete electrical and mechanical parts to integrated electronic-mechanical systems with sensors, actuators, and digital microelectronics. These integrated systems are called mechatronic systems, with the connection of MECHAnica and elecTRONICS.

The word “mechatronics” was probably first created by a Japanese engineer in 1969. A preliminary definition is given: “Mechatronics is the synergetic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes”.

All the definitions agree that mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field, in which the following disciplines act together:

mechanical systems (mechanical elements, machines, precision mechanics); electronic systems (microelectronics, power electronics, sensor and

actuator technology);

information technology (systems theory, automation, software engineering, artificial intelligence).

The integration with electronics comprises many classes of technical systems. In several cases, the mechanical part of the process is coupled with an electrical, thermal, thermodynamics, chemical, or information processing part. Therefore, mechatronic systems in a wider sense comprise mechanical and also non-mechanical processes. However, the mechanical part normally dominates the system.

AFTER READING TASKS

DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL VOCABULARY Working out the meaning of unknown words

2. The following words in the box are all from the text above. Find them in the text.

5

3. For each word, read the sentence it occurs in and answer the questions.

a)Is the word positive, negative or neutral?

b)Is it a noun, adjective, adverb or verb?

c)Can you think of a word with a similar meaning (synonym) and one with an opposite meaning (antonym)?

AFTER READING TASKS

4. Answer the following questions.

1.Where can the integration of products or processes and electronics be observed?

2.How did mechanical systems change over time?

3.Whan and where was the word “mechatronics” first created?

4.What is the definition of mechatronics?

5.Why is mechatronics an interdisciplinary field?

6.What components does mechatronics consist of?

6

8. Translate the following phrases into Russian:

digital microelectronics – computer control – interdisciplinary field –

sensor and actuator technology – information technology – systems theory –

software engineering – information processing part – electronics hardware – steam engine –

steam turbine – machine tool – disc drive – process computer –

9. Translate the following phrases into English.

механическая система – цифровая микроэлектроника – мехатронная система –

7

первоначальное определение – машиностроение – точная механика – теория систем –

разработка программного обеспечения – механическая и немеханическая составляющие – непрерывное цифровое управление – последовательное цифровое управление – двигатель внутреннего сгорания –

механические системы с автоматическим управлением – новые инструментальные средства для параллельного проектиро-

вания – промышленные роботы –

программное обеспечение, работающее в режиме реального времени –

интегрирование компонентов –

10. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate word or phrase from the list.

The … mechatronics … to the technical … by the … company Yaskawa Electric Corporation. The word … is composed of “mecha” from … and the “tronics” from … . There doesn’t exist any common … of this term: “The … integration of … with … and intelligent … in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes”. “Mechatronics is a methodology used for the optimal … of … products”. “A mechatronic … is not just a marriage of electronical and mechanical systems and is more than just a control system; it is a complete … of all of them”.

8

11. Translate the following passages into English.

1.Мехатроника представляет собой интеграцию электроники, информационных технологий и механики. Электроника объединяет

всебе микроэлектронику, силовую электронику, сенсоры и исполнительные устройства. Механика состоит из механических элементов, оборудования и точной механики. Информационные технологии – это теория систем, компьютерное проектирование, программное обеспечение и искусственный интеллект

2.Самая первая механическая система – паровой двигатель – появилась в 1860 году.

3.Изобретение цифрового компьютера в 1955 добавило в механическую систему элементы последовательного и непрерывного управления.

4.Именно в 1985 году была создана первая мехатронная система, примером которой является мобильный робот. Мехатронная система представляет собой интеграцию механических и немеханических процессов. Однако, механическая составляющая, как правило, является доминирующей.

5.Современный термин “Мехатроника” был введен японской фирмой в 1969 году и зарегистрирован как торговая марка в 1972 году. Это название получено комбинацией слов “МЕХАника” и “элекТРОНИКА

WORD BUILDING

12. Read the words and say what suffixes and prefixes they have and what parts of speech they belong to. Translate the words.

interdisciplinary – especially – digital – information – microelectronics – Japanese – definition – computer – computation – automation –

9

wider – to widen –

typewriter – thermodynamics –

13. Form the verbs from the following nouns. Check their meaning in the dictionary.

control – machine – process – design – act – couple – increase – change – record – access –

GRAMMAR FOCUS

Infinitive as an adjective

An infinitive or an infinitive phrase can work as an adjective in a sentence. When it works as an adjective in a sentence, it comes right next to the noun or the pronoun it modifies.

Examples of infinitives as adjectives

The person to blame is me. (which person = to blame)

The right thing to do is to call the police.

Do you need anything to eat?

Are you looking for someone to change your life?

Structure: Subject + linking verb + noun phrase + infinitive/infinitive phrase

It is a great company to be a part of.

That was an amazing place to visit.

You are a good person to work with.

He has a great opportunity to learn digital marketing from the best.

10