Английский язык для бакалавров (товароведение во внешнеторговой деятельности) в 3 частях. Ч.1. Учебное пособие

Part 2

THE PLAN AND USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

FOR RENDERING THE ARTICLE

Giving a summary of the article means rendering the most important information in no more than 10–12 sentences. You are supposed to state the main problem discussed in the article and mark off the passages of the article and the sentences that seem important to you. It is desirable to point out the facts that turned out to be new or interesting for you. If some information in the article is obsolete, outdated or contradicts with your views you should mention it. Finally, you should mention the conclusion the author comes to and express your own opinion. It is not enough to say “The article was interesting”, you should prove it.

The table below will help you work out the structure of your rendering as it mentions the most important points, and with the expressions you may need.

81

The author analyzes / assesses / compares / depicts / emphasizes / states / stresses / points out …

To prove his point of view the author quotes … According to the text …

Further the author reports/concludes / declares / argues / says / comes to the conclusion that …

To sum up…

In conclusion …

5. Your opinion of the article In my opinion… To my mind …

I totally agree / disagree with the author I share the author’s view …

I see the problem in the absolutely different way …

I found the article interesting / important / informative / dull / of no value / too hard to understand / lacking deep analysis because …

I think / believe that … My point is that …

Articles for rendering

Article 1

Baltimore CBP Defends the Nation from Egyptian Locust

In biblical references, residents feared the destructive arrival of the locust; however, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agriculture specialists were undeterred when they encountered an Egyptian tree locust recently in the Port of Baltimore.

CBP captured a locust specimen while inspecting a shipment of Italian wine November 15 and immediately ordered the entire wine shipment back into the shipping container for safeguarding.

CBP agriculture specialists submitted the specimen to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) entomologist for identification. The entomologist determined that the specimen was Anacridium aegyptium, commonly known as the Egyptian tree locust. The Egyptian tree locust is a voracious leaf feeder and a pest to grapevines, citrus and other fruit trees, and vegetable plants. It is commonly found in Europe.

The Egyptian tree locust is considered an invasive species not known to occur in the United States.

82

“This interception demonstrates the criticality of Customs and Border Protection’s agriculture protection mission at our sea, air and land ports of entry,” said Casey Durst, CBP Director of Field Operations in Baltimore. “CBP agriculture specialists work hard every day to intercept invasive insects and federal noxious weeds, and to prevent the introduction of foreign plant and animal diseases that could seriously harm U.S. livestock industries.”

CBP agriculture specialists issued an emergency action notification and the importer agreed to export the container and its contents.

(www.cbp.gov)

Article 2

International operation combats the online supply of counterfeit and illegal medicines

An international week of action targeting the sale of counterfeit and illegal medicines over the internet has highlighted the dangers of buying medicines online.

Due to the ever-increasing number of websites selling dangerous and illegal medicines, INTERPOL in cooperation with the WCO and the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Medical Products Anti-Counter- feiting Taskforce (IMPACT), took the lead in coordinating Operation Pangea II this week.

National medicines regulators, Police and Customs collaborated extensively in this global campaign.

The operation focused on the three principle components of an illegal website: the Internet Service Provider (ISP); payment systems; and the mail delivery service.

Almost 17000 packages were inspected, resulting in the seizure of 995 packages and some 166 540 pills. Action was carried out at 34 postal hubs, and 22 individuals are under investigation. A total of 751 websites were identified as suspicious, of which 72 were closed down, and adverts for fake medicines removed from 11 websites.

The public will be advised through global awareness campaigns that purchasing medicines from unregulated websites significantly increases the risk of being supplied with counterfeit, sub-standard and dangerous products.

(abridged from www.cbp.gov)

83

Article 3

CBP officers seize counterfeit dolls, toys with excessive lead levels

September 14, 2018

In two separate incidents, U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Field Operations officers working at the International Falls Port of Entry targeted a pair of rail containers prior to their arrival in Ranier that resulted in the seizure of counterfeit items and toys containing prohibited levels of lead.

The first incident began in July when CBP officers inspected one of the rail containers and discovered merchandise suspected of having lead levels exceeding the acceptable threshold. Laboratory examination of the toys revealed excessive levels of lead.

The second targeted container was inspected in August. In that container, CBP officers discovered 5,460 fashion dolls bearing copyright protected markings that violate intellectual property rights regulations. As a result, CBP seized those items Sept. 10. The counterfeit dolls have an aggregate manufacturer’s suggested retail price of $139,145.

“CBP is focused on identifying and intercepting counterfeit merchandise and products as well as products that violate consumer safety standards,” said Anthony Jackson, International Falls Port Director. “The enforcement of trade laws at U.S. ports of entry remains a high priority for us.”

Stopping the flow of illicit goods is a priority trade issue for CBP. The importation of counterfeit merchandise can damage the U.S. economy and threaten the health and safety of the American people.

With the growth of foreign trade, unscrupulous companies have profited billions of dollars from the sale of counterfeit and pirated goods. To combat the illicit trade of merchandise violating laws relating to IPR, trademark and copyright holders may register with CBP through an online system. Such registration assists CBP officers and import specialists in identifying merchandise that violate U.S. law.

CBP’s IPR enforcement strategy is multi-layered and includes seizing illegal merchandise at our borders, pushing the border “outward” through audits of suspect importers, cooperating with our international trading partners, and collaborating with industry and governmental agencies to enhance these efforts.

(www.cbp.gov)

84

Article 4

Operation Mamba III bolsters fight against counterfeit medicines in East Africa

Brussels, 26 August 2010

A combined international operation across East Africa targeting counterfeit medical products and pharmaceutical crimes has resulted in the seizure of at least 10 tons of counterfeit and illicit medical products and more than 80 arrests of individuals suspected of involvement in the illegal manufacture, trafficking or sale of counterfeit and diverted medical products.

The operation was fully supported by the WCO and forensic assistance was provided by the laboratories of the Singaporean Health Science Authority. This was the third such operation in as many years aimed at curbing the importation, exportation, manufacture and distribution of counterfeit and diverted medical products in East Africa.

Using the resources of its Regional Intelligence Liaison Office (RILO) for East and Southern Africa, the WCO made CENcomm – its secure communication tool – available to all participating Customs administrations during the operation. CENcomm enables parties to an enforcement operation to share information and intelligence in a secure environment in real-time.

Examples of some of the individual cases of suspected counterfeit drugs intercepted during the operation include 11634 Metakelfin antimalaria tablets, 3300 Celestamine antibacterial tablets, 1000 Duo-Cotecxin antimalaria tablets, 200 Ciprobay antibiotic tablets, 180 Betapyn headache tablets, 126 Posti- nor-2 oral emergency contraceptive tablets, and 80 Cialis erectile dysfunction tablets.

Other recorded offences involved medicines and drugs that were unregistered, unlawfully imported and stolen from government stores. Included among these were insulin, penicillin, anti-inflammatories, antimalarials, antibiotics, normal saline, cough and cold syrups, and dextrose.

Representatives of participating countries will meet next week to review the results of Operation Mamba III and to further harmonize the region’s approach to counterfeit and unregulated medicine.

(www.cbp.gov)

85

Article 5

Product Safety Agency Seeks

To Advance Mission Through Center

U.S. Customs and Border Protection and U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission met at the National Product Safety Research Laboratory in Rockville, Maryland for a full-day workshop to discuss joint efforts to address trade enforcement and facilitation through the Consumer Product & Mass Merchandising (CPMM) Center of Excellence and Expertise.

The products regulated by the CPSC are primarily divided among three industry focused centers: Consumer Products & Mass Merchandising (Atlanta), Apparel, Footwear and Textiles (San Francisco) and Electronics (Los Angeles).

The key consumer products of concern for CPSC are those that could cause injury or death to consumers, especially children. These risks include excessive amounts of lead in paint, banned phthalates or small parts which could cause a choking hazard.

The CPSC has placed investigators at select ports across the country for import surveillance.

Millions of pounds of fresh fruits, vegetables, cut flowers, herbs, and other items enter the United States via commercial shipments from other countries every year.

Although these items appear to be harmless, there could be hidden threats in that baggage and in those truckloads, trainloads and containers of fresh items that could seriously threaten U.S. agriculture, our natural resources and our economy.

The CBP agriculture specialist and the CBP officer at U.S. ports of entry and international mail facilities target, detect, intercept, and thereby prevent the entry of these potential threats before they have a chance to do any harm.

Each year, CBP agriculture specialists intercept tens of thousands of “actionable pests” – those identified through scientific risk assessment and study as being dangerous to the health and safety of U.S. agricultural resources.

They check containers and trucks for smuggled agricultural products or packaging materials that might contain invasive species that could harm our agriculture and environment.

They examine wooden pallets that could hide the larvae of wood-boring insects poised to attack native trees or nursery stock.

They make sure that imported fruits and vegetables are pest-free.

The CBP agriculture specialists work with specialized x-ray machines that detect organic materials. They utilize agricultural canines specifically trained to sniff out meat and plant materials in international airport passenger areas.

(www.cbp.gov)

86

Article 6

CBP Intercepts Harmful Pests from Entering U.S. Borders

September 22, 2018

U.S. Customs and Border Protection agriculture specialists intercepted viable eggs within Asian Gypsy Moth egg masses aboard a vessel, Aug. 24.

Throughout U.S. ports of entry each day, CBP agriculture specialists board international arriving vessels to conduct inspections. During one vessel boarding at the Houston Seaport, CBP agriculture specialists found egg masses suspected to be of Asian Gypsy Moth derivation.

The Asian Gypsy Moth is a pest that feeds on trees and plants. These pests have the potential to cause widespread damage to our country’s landscape and natural resources. Each female could lay hundreds of eggs resulting in caterpillars with insatiable appetites. At this stage in their development, these future moths may feed on hundreds of tree and shrub species, causing devastation to America’s agriculture production and forest resources.

The egg masses were found aboard a vessel, arriving from Japan, on the starboard side of the gangway and on the super structure in a switch box. CBP agriculture specialists submitted a sample specimen of the egg masses to the local U.S. Department of Agriculture for identification. The USDA identified the egg masses as Lymantria dispar asiatica, (Erebidae), which is the scientific name for Asian Gypsy Moth.

All egg masses were removed and the affected areas were treated to exterminate any remaining eggs.

(www.cbp.gov)

Article 7

CBP Catches Up to Painted Baby Turtles at Dulles Airport

September 21, 2018

U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers and agriculture specialists have seen some interesting things in passenger baggage at Washington Dulles International Airport, but the four baby turtles with painted shells they encountered earlier this month was a new one for them.

A family of U.S. citizens returned from a trip to China September 5 and declared the turtles to a CBP officer. The officer referred the family to an

87

agriculture inspection to determine if the turtles, each covered in painted designs, were admissible. An inspector from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) asked CBP to detain the turtles for examination.

The following day, a USFWS inspector removed the paint and examined the turtles. The inspector identified the turtles to be Trachemys scirpta elegans, also known as the red-eared slider turtle. Turtles imported as pets require import permits, which the family did not possess. The USFWS issued a warning and a onetime permit to the family and released the turtles to the family.

Turtles pose public health concerns as young turtles are especially susceptible to carrying salmonella. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) connected a multi-state outbreak of Salmonella Agbeni infections last year to pet turtles.

The family of four purchased the painted baby turtles from a street vendor. In Asian cultures, the turtle represent longevity, good fortune, fertility, vitality, and great patience.

(www.cbp.gov)

Article 8

CBP Toronto Welcomes Beagle to Team

March 19, 2019

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) employees at Toronto Preclearance operations welcomed CBP Agriculture K-9 “Wade” in February.

Wade is the first CBP agriculture canine to be posted at CBP Preclearance operations at the Toronto Pearson International Airport.

“CBP’s agriculture inspection and protection mission is a critical part of CBP’s mission,” said Lee DeLoatch, CBP Port Director for Toronto Preclearance Operations. “CBP’s agriculture specialists and our Beagle Brigade work side by side to detect and intercept prohibited food items, invasive weed seeds and insects, and plant and animal diseases that pose a significant threat to U.S. agricultural industries and our nation’s economy.”

Wade is starting his fourth year as an agriculture detector dog. Like many canines in the program, Wade received a second lease on life in 2015 when the USDA Beagle Brigade adopted him from an animal control facility in Alabama at roughly one year of age. He began his sniffing career at Hartfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, and then did a brief stint at Chicago O’Hare International Airport.

88

“Wade is adjusting well after his transfer to Toronto,” DeLoatch said. “Since arriving in Toronto, he has already demonstrated his enthusiasm and skills which have resulted in over one hundred alerts.”

According to DeLoatch, these alerts have led to 62 seizures of 84 plant materials and three animal products, resulting in one civil penalty. The civil penalty was issued to a passenger who originated from China that had undeclared prohibited avian and swine products in their checked baggage. This seizure is especially important due to the current outbreak of African Swine Fever in China that has decimated many pigs and wild boar, which could potentially wreak havoc on the pork industry in the United States.

Travelers can check the general admissibility of fruits and vegetables by consulting the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) or the Fruits and Vegetables Import Requirements (FAVIR) database. CBP also provides information on the importation of plants and plant products.

(www.cbp.gov)

Article 9

CBP Baltimore Field Office Agricultural Specialists Ensure

Valentine’s Flowers are Pest, Disease Free

February 13, 2019

U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s (CBP) Baltimore Field Office agriculture specialists are working against the clock to ensure all imported Valentine’s Day flowers arrive on time, but most importantly that the flowers arrive free of pests and diseases that could harm our agricultural industry and economy.

The Baltimore Field Office agriculture specialists, working primarily at the Area Ports of Baltimore, Philadelphia and Washington Dulles, have inspected and released more than 5.3 million flower stems during Valentine’s Day season 2019 (January 1 – February 12). Nationally, CBP expects to process more than one billion flowers in time for Valentine’s Day.

The top-5 flowers imported through the Baltimore Field Office are tulip, rumohra, commonly known as leatherleaf fern, hypericum, rose, and dianthus. The top-5 source nations include the Netherlands, Colombia, Ethiopia, Honduras, and Costa Rica. The top-3 inspect pests intercepted on these flowers were aphids, thrips, and mites.

“Customs and Border Protection agriculture specialists are on our nation’s frontline in the fight against the introduction of harmful insect pests and plant and animal diseases into the United States, and the lead-up to Valentine’s Day

89

is an extraordinarily busy time for them,” said Casey Durst, CBP’s Field Operations Director in Baltimore. “CBP is working extremely hard to make sure flowers get to businesses and homes around the country in time for your big day, but doing so in a way that protects America’s agricultural resources and our nation’s economy.” Imported flowers can carry hitchhiking pests and diseases that could cause millions of dollars in damage to the U.S. flower industry and beyond. While the vast majority of flowers entering the country are safe, even one hitchhiking pest or plant disease could cause significant damage to American agriculture. It’s critically important not only to consumers, but to the vitality of the U.S. economy

that cut flower imports are carefully inspected by CBP agriculture specialists. So far this season, the top ten ports from incoming ports have processed

974 million stems, and intercepted some 1,662 pests.

Miami International Airport is the top-ranked port for cut flower imports with 852.5 million (88 percent of fresh-cut flowers nationwide), followed by Port Everglades, Fla. and Los Angeles International Airport with 24.8 and 16.2 million each, respectively.

The top three types of flower imports to the U.S. during the Valentine’s season are roses, mixed bouquets and rose bouquets. More than 66 percent of the cut flower stems are imported from Colombia, 24 percent from Ecuador, 2.5 percent from Mexico, and 1.7 percent from the Netherlands.

The most commonly intercepted insects discovered on cut flowers are species of aphids, thrips moths, miner flies, and mites.

If pests or diseases are found, the shipments may be treated and released, re-exported, or destroyed.

(www.cbp.gov)

Article 10

Dulles CBP Seizes $129k in Counterfeit

Consumer Goods Shipped as Air Cargo

January 30, 2019

Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers seized counterfeit consumer goods in an air cargo shipment that arrived recently to Washington Dulles International Airport. If authentic, the merchandise would have a manufacturer’s suggested retail price of more than $129,000.

A woman arrived to CBP’s air cargo office December 27 to pick up a shipment manifested as “shoes bags scarfs.” CBP officers examined the shipment, which consisted of 90 items, including designer brand name shoes, handbags,

90