Английский язык для бакалавров (товароведение во внешнеторговой деятельности) в 3 частях. Ч.1. Учебное пособие

PLYSUP

TERCHAP

DUEREVO

TERCHAP

Task 10. Translate from Russian into English.

Современное товароведение не просто описывает производственный процесс, товары и услуги. Товароведение способно прогнозировать создание товаров с учетом изменяющихся потребностей. Этот этап развития, такимобразом, можноназватьтовароведно-прогнозирующим. Товароведение решает новые задачи: прогнозирование, управление и оценка качества ассортимента, разработка оптимальных условий эксплуатации товара и др.

Товароведение невозможно без знаний физики, химии, микробиологии и других наук. Для определения качества производственных товаров и оптимальных условий их хранения необходимы знания химических, микробиологических и физических процессов.

Кроме того, для успешной экономической деятельности товароведческие знания необходимо объединить со знанием маркетинга, менеджмента и бухучета.

(www.znaitovar.ru)

Task 11. Grammar. Open the brackets using proper forms of the verbs.

Football shirts amongst counterfeit goods seized in Shropshire.

18 September 2018

Police (say) counterfeit goods (include) trainers, football shirts and hair straighteners.

Police (pull) over a vehicle in Hodnet, Shropshire on Thursday after the way it (be) being driven raised concern.

Items found in the car (lead) to the search of a house in the town, where police (find) the goods all believed to be fake.

A 28-year-old man (be) arrested and later released on police bail.

The force said he (be) held on suspicion of possession of articles to be used in fraud.

Police and Trading Standards have launched a joint investigation.

Task 12. Summarize the basic facts of the Unit in writing in at least 5 sentences.

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UNIT 3. WHAT IS WCO

Task 1. Read and translate the following text to fulfill the tasks below.

World Customs Organization

Since 1952, the World Customs Organization (WCO), formally known by international convention as the Customs Co-operation Council (CCC), has provided leadership in expanding the avenues of international trade and security. The WCO’s accomplishments are both numerous and varied. The organization’s successes include work in areas covering the development of global standards, the simplification and harmonization of Customs procedures, trade supply chain security, the facilitation of international trade, the enhancement of Customs enforcement and compliance activities, anti-counterfeiting and piracy initiatives, public-private partnerships, integrity promotion, and sustainable global Customs capacity building activities. The WCO is the only international body dedicated exclusively to international customs and border control matters.

Historically, the WCO has led the discussion, development, and implementation of secure customs systems and procedures. The organization developed and administered the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, an international standard classification system for commodities. The WCO has also been responsible for administering the World Trade Organization’s Agreements on Customs Valuation, which provide a system for placing values on imported goods, and the Rules of Origin, which are used to determine the origin of a given commodity. Focusing on the protection of societies through secure international trade, the WCO has enforced customs and curtailed fraudulent activities. The organization’s work has thereby led to the growth of legitimate international trade.

The WCO represents more than 170 customs administrations worldwide and processes more than 98 percent of all international trade. The WCO Columbus Programme represents an integral part of the organization’s capacity-building initiatives, which assess the needs of member governments. If the assessments indicate substantial need, members are given tools, training, and support. Various WCO meetings provide a forum for dialogue and exchange of experiences in addition to technical assistance and training. The organization is led by a governing council, a secretariat, and technical and advisory committees.

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By following the above principles, the WCO has achieved many triumphs across the entire spectrum of customs-based issues. For example, the WCO created and administers several international agreements that facilitate and secure world trade. The major international conventions created or administered by the WCO include the:

•Harmonized System Convention (the basis for the U.S. import and export schedules).

•WTO Customs Valuation and Rules of Origin Agreements.

•Customs Convention on the ATA carnet for the temporary admission of goods (ATA Convention).

•The International Convention on the simplification and harmonization of Customs procedures (Revised Kyoto Convention).

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Task 2. Answer the following questions.

1.What kind of international body is dedicated exclusively to international customs and border control matters?

2.What does WCO stand for?

3.What is the main purpose of Columbus Programme?

4.How many countries are the members of WCO?

5.What are the main conventions of custom-based issues?

Task 3. Summarize the definitions:

–a practice so long established that it has the force of law;

–an act or instance of working or acting together for a common purpose or benefit; joint action;

–the act or process of buying, selling, or exchanging commodities, at either wholesale or retail, within a country or between countries;

–an introductory act or step; leading action;

–between or among nations; involving two or more nation;

–to supply or equip.

Task 4. Unscramble the words.

TEMSYS

USCTMOS

LANOITANERINT

OYKOT

IONTALVAU

TINORIPSCED

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NIGIRO

CYPIRA

ELRU

LICPUB

BALGOL

TEVARIP

Task 5. Translate from Russian into English.

С точки зрения формы руководства, можно выделить три типа метрологии: государственный, национальный и международный.

Государственной называется стандартизация, проводимая государственными органами, уполномоченными производить разработку и формирование перспективных планов стандартизации.

Национальная стандартизация также проводится в государственном масштабе, но без непосредственного контроля и надзора со стороны государственных органов.

Международную стандартизацию проводят международные компании, специально созданные для этих целей. Подобные организации создаются несколькими странами для решения вопросов в сфере торговли, обороны, научных и технических разработок.

(www.studopedia.ru)

Task 6. Read and translate the following text to fulfill the tasks below.

Harmonized System Convention

The HS Nomenclature or shorter just the HS, which is governed by the International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System is an international multipurpose nomenclature elaborated under the auspices of the World Customs Organisation (WCO). The HS Convention was adopted in Brussels and entered into force on 1 January 1988. The HS is contained in the annex to the Convention and forms part thereof.

The HS Nomenclature with six-digit codes is used as a basis:

–for national customs tariffs;

–for collecting international trade statistics;

–for defining origin rules;

–for trade negotiations;

–for collecting national taxes;

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–for freight tariffs and transport statistics;

–for monitoring controlled goods (e.g. waste, drugs, chemical weapon, ozone depleting substances, protected species etc.) and;

–as an indispensable tool in the performance of customs controls and customs procedures, risk analysis and in information technology.

The HS is used for various purposes, however, it is primarily used for the classification of goods in terms of the customs tariff and collection of customs duties and taxes. The HS Nomenclature is used by over 200 countries, unions or international organisations (e.g. WTO, UNO). The Combined Nomenclature used in the European Union is based on the HS Nomenclature. Over 98% of goods in the international trade are classified according to the HS Nomenclature.

The HS Nomenclature comprises more than 5,000 groups of goods each identified by a six-digit code arranged in a legal and logical structure:

–the first four digits of the code correspond to the relevant HS heading number;

–the fifth and the sixth digits identify the HS subheadings.

The HS Nomenclature includes:

–the General Rules for the Interpretation of the HS; (Goods must be classified in the HS Nomenclature clearly and unambiguously according to the General Rules for the Interpretation of the HS; these rules ensure that a certain product is always classified under the same tariff heading.);

–the Section, Chapter and Subheading Notes; (The above mentioned Notes are intended to define the scope of each tariff heading / subheading, chapter or section in order to avoid classification dilemmas.);

–a systematically arranged list of tariff headings divided into tariff subheadings where necessary.

The tariff headings in the HS are grouped in 96 Chapters, which themselves are arranged in 21 Sections (numbered with Roman numerals).

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to answer them.

Task 8. Summarize the definitions:

–having all the parts or elements; whole; complete;

–a broad range of varied but related ideas or objects, the individual features of which tend to overlap so as to form a continuous series or sequence;

–a meeting or formal assembly, as of representatives or delegates, for discussion of and action on particular matters of common concern;

–to make less complex or complicated; make plainer or easier.

Task 9. Unscramble the words.

ONIUN

RITAFF

PEANROUE

RADET

TICSISTTAS

ROLTONC

ONPAEW

GINIRO

TUCLARENEMON

ANTVELER

RETAPCH

ONTICES

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Task 10. Translate from Russian into English.

Основными нормативными техническими документами, использующимися в стандартизации и метрологии, являются стандарты и технические условия.

Стандарт ‒ нормативный правовой документ, содержащий основные требования, правила и нормы по объекту стандартизации. Стандарты утверждаются уполномоченными органами.

Техническиеусловиятакжеявляютсянормативнымправовымдокументом. Он включает требования к определенным видам товара или изделий. Ониявляютсябазовымдокументомвсистемедокументациинаопределенное изделие.

(www.ria-stk.ru)

Task 11. Grammar. Open the brackets using proper forms of the verbs.

Police seize 30,000 illegal cigarettes in anti-INLA raids

Police (say) they are committed to tackling the ‘criminality associated with paramilitarism.

Almost 30,000 cigarettes and 20 kilos of tobacco (be) seized in Londonderry in police raids targeting the INLA last month.

Police and customs officers (search) 11 shops in Derry on Monday. Officers also (seize) other counterfeit goods and mobile phones during the

searches.

Det Insp Tom McClure (say) the operation (be) part of the PSNI’s commitment to “tackling the criminality associated with paramilitarism.”

He (say) retailers who (stock) illicit cigarettes should “think carefully about the potential implications upon conviction.”

A 65-year-old man (be) arrested in the Galliagh area of the city on suspicion of fraudulent evasion of excise duty in relation to 10,000 of the seized cigarettes and more than 14 kilos of tobacco.

A search (be) carried out at a property following the arrest and a five figure sum of money (be) recovered as suspected proceeds of crime.

In December police and customs officers (carry) out similar searches in Derry and Strabane seizing 36,000 cigarettes and 5 kilos of tobacco.

Task 12. Summarize the basic facts of the Unit in writing in at least 5 sentences.

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UNIT 4. FEDERAL CUSTOMS SERVICE

Task 1. Read and translate the following text to fulfill the tasks below.

History of the Customs Service of Russia

There are examples of dutiable goods, prints showing the main trading centres of Russia, Charters granted by the Grand Princes, mannequins of tradespeople [the old name for customs officers]. All of these exhibits give a very vivid picture of daily life in the Xth and XIIth centuries when the Customs began as a revenue collected by the so – called Mytnic Brigades, who were responsible for the trading and transit of Myto Duties. At the end of the XIIIth century and at the beginning of the XIVth century the Mytnic Brigades were superseded by Tamgachey collectors of the Mongolian Khan Horde who collected the so-called Tamgha Duty.

The Tamgha Duty proved to be one of the most profitable fees collected and was calculated according to a commodity’s value. Ever since that time, this fee has come to be known as a customs duty and its place of collection – a customs office. Revenue collection was entrusted to the Russian Principalities and by the XIVth century the right to collect the duties and be customs officials could be inherited in some towns, villages and small administrative settlements, the volosty.

The names of these towns can clearly be seen on the old Charters which are on display. From the XVIth to the XVIIth century customs officers and their aids, the tselovalniky had to swear an oath to the Tsar and kiss an icon on taking up office. An icon “The Crucifixion” dating from that time is on display.

Some of the rarest artifacts to be seen in the museum are: the Customs Charter of Tsar Ivan the Terrible (1571) and the Law Code of Tsar Aleksey Michailovich (1649). The Trading Charter adopted on the 25th October 1653 and the Novotorgovy (New Package) Trading Act, dating back to 1667 seem to be the basic customs legislative documents ever to have been agreed upon in Russia. The Prikas (the Central State Department) was in charge of the collection of revenue in the XVIIth century. Local authorities known as golovi and voevodi used to be responsible for the collection of customs duties and fees. Part time members of staff were called diyaki and podiyachie. Customs officials who collected a very larger number of fees were given a variety of rewards: bonus cups, ladles or dippers, goblets, bolts of expensive cloth and bundles of valuable furs (forty sables).

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A particular honour was an invitation to the Tsar’s festive dinner. One of the exhibits in the museum is a ladle, granted as a reward (1684), which was given to one of the tradespeople from Kasan (is it not Kazan) a certain Yakov Ivanov for his service in the Astrakhan Customs. Of special interest are examples of the XVIIth century monetary system. They are closely linked to monetary reforms introduced by Tsar Aleksey Michailovich who instigated the campaign against the illegal importation of counterfeit money from Europe. There are examples of different annual and monthly customs seals – an integral part of the Russian customs service since the XVIIth century.

Peter the Great pioneered the modernization of the Russian Customs Service, especially, in the organization of its personnel. In 1699, the post of Burmistr (The Head of the Customs Service) was adopted.

Since 1720 the major customs houses were called Senior Customs Observers or Inspectors. New appointments were made such as: comptrollers, collectors and a variety of customs dealers. The Russian State took over customs stations in August 1762. The control of the customs offices was entrusted to the Customs Collection Office in 1763. Since 1781, the management of the customs has been under the jurisdiction of the Customs Expeditions (State Bodies) and the General Governors.

The Customs system was increasingly developing its infrastructure. One of the most fascinating exhibits in the museum is the engraving by Machaev “Vue de la Bourse et du Magasin des Marchandises.” It depicts one of Russia’s largest Customs Houses, that of St Petersburg built in 1722 by Domenico Trezzini [or just Trezzini].

The reforms adopted between 1753 and 1757 greatly contributed to the core restructuring of the Russian Customs Service. In November 1796 the Kommerts-Kollegia (the Major Russian Customs Office) was given absolute power to control the collection of revenues. Since 1880, the minister of Kommerts – Kollegia gained complete control of and became the head of all the Customs houses in Russia.

In accordance with the Manifesto the Russian Empress Elizabeth, signed on the 20th December 1753, domestic customs houses were abolished along with 17 internal trade and transit duties. Inward and outward commodity transactions were levied with an additional 13% duty in Russian currency. There are some Russian coins on Display.

Since 1811, the Customs Division in the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Finance has been responsible for the management of all customs stations. In 1864 the Customs Division was renamed the Customs Revenue Collection Department of the Ministry of Finance.

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