Английский язык для бакалавров (товароведение во внешнеторговой деятельности) в 3 частях. Ч.1. Учебное пособие

Task 9. Unscramble the words.

RESENTPER

ACHPPARO

MEREOTH

ANTRRAW

TIONLAOPRAE

VERSERBO

TESGSUG

NIDETUGAM

REPTRETNI

ANCETUSSB

TEBURITTA

TYLIREA

Task 10. Translate from Russian into English.

Таможня дала «добро» на турецкий импорт в Петербург

11 декабря 2015

Федеральная таможенная служба начала пропускать в Санкт-Петербург грузы для предприятий города после обращения вице-губернатора Сергея Мовчана.

«Сейчас ФТС России приняты дополнительные меры по обеспечению ввоза товаров и комплектующих для предприятий отечественной промышленности», ‒ говорится в сообщении пресс-службы таможенного ведомства.

ФТСговорит«о100-процентномбеспрепятственномвыпускеавтокомпо- нентов, поступающих из Турции в адрес российских автопроизводителей».

Ранее Мовчан направил заместителю главы ФТС Владимиру Малинину письмо, в котором просил разблокировать ввоз грузов из Турции, предназначенных для машиностроительных предприятий Санкт-Петербурга, в том числе для сборочных производств автомобильных концернов.

Так, с 26 ноября не была выпущена ни одна таможенная декларация на товары из Турции для филиала ООО «Тойота Мотор» в Санкт-Петербурге. С такими же проблемами столкнулись и другие предприятия, в том числе «Силовые машины» и «БСХ Бытовые приборы».

Сроки таможенного оформления грузов значительно увеличились на Балтийской, Санкт-Петербургской, Пулковской и других территориальных таможнях.

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Вписьме вице-губернатора говорилось, что из-за возникших проблем

споставками комплектующих и сырья из Турции петербургские предприятия будут вынуждены в ближайшее время остановить производство.

Пословамвице-губернатора, послевступлениявсилууказапрезидента России о санкциях против Турции, авто-предприятия столкнулись со значительным сроком оформления грузов на таможнях, хотя эти товары не входят в утвержденный список санкционной продукции.

Информацию о содержании письма корреспонденту Би-би-си подтвердили в Смольном.

ПоданнымвластейСанкт-Петербурга, наавтосборочныхпредприятиях городаработаютоколовосьмитысяччеловек, адоляПетербургавструктуре производства легковых автомобилей в России составляет 22‒24%.

Указ президента России Владимира Путина о введении экономических санкций против Турции опубликован 28 ноября. Он был принят после того, как ВВС Турции сбили российский бомбардировщик, нарушивший, по словам Анкары, турецкое воздушное пространство.

(www.bbc.com)

Task 11. Grammar. Open the brackets using proper forms of the verbs.

Expansion for Lincolnshire counterfeit clothes charity

A charity which (give) food and counterfeit clothing to people in need (expand) its operation.

His Church in Lincolnshire (run) a “rebranding” factory which (see) fake items stripped of their logos and sent to homeless hostels and other organisations in the UK and abroad.

The charity (work) with the support of major brands such as Ralph Lauren and Tommy Hilfinger.

It also (redistribute) surplus food donated by shops and manufacturers. The church (distribute) 3.5m meals in 2108.

Carl Simpson, from Hull-based Raise the Roof homeless project, described the food supply as “fantastic.”

Co-ordinator Richard Humphrey (say) it (work) with more than 3,000 charities, (include) homeless hostels, women’s refuges and refugee camps.

The clothing operation (begin) 10 years ago when the charity (discover) that trading standard teams across the UK (destroy) “tonnes and tonnes” of seized counterfeit items.

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Since then, it (redistribute) more than £50m worth of clothing over the past decade.

“We (take) all the branding from the clothing off and we (brand) it with our own logo which means it (be) now legal, and it can go and help people who genuinely (need) it”, he said.

“These are brand new, so it is not just the fact that they (be) warm and they (be) safe, but they also (restore) dignity to people who (go) through a difficult time.”

The rebranding (do) using an industrial sewing machine (seize) in a raid on a counterfeiters factory.

Task 12. Summarize the basic facts of the Unit in writing in at least 5 sentences.

UNIT 8. UNITS OF MEASUREMNET

AND THEIR PHYSICAL REALIZATION

Task 1. Read and translate the following text to fulfill the tasks below.

U.S. and Metric Systems

Looking at the world around us though, we can’t just talk about pounds and inches; we also need to talk about kilograms and centimeters. This is because while the United States uses their own measurement units, the rest of the world uses metric measurement units. U.S. measurement units include measurements such as pounds, inches and gallons. Metric measurement units include measurements such as kilograms, centimeters and liters.

Living in the United States, if you go to the store, you might have seen both sets of measurements written on things such as juice bottles and cereal boxes. You might see something like ‘64 ounces/1.89 liters’ on an apple juice bottle, letting you know how much juice is inside the bottle. Look around next time you are at the store and see what other sets of measurements you can spot. If you

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look around, too, you will notice that different things will have different kinds of measurements. So, let’s see what kind of standard measurement units different things have.

Measurements Are Like Variables

For example, restaurant owners need to add and subtract measurements to find out how many tables and chairs will fit inside their restaurant. They need to add the length and width of the tables and chairs together to make sure there is enough room for them.

When you need to perform your basic operations on your measurements, treat them like variables, a symbol for something we don’t know. As we go in this video lesson, we will see how to subtract, add, multiply, and divide our measurements. You will see that it is a lot like adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing variables. So, let’s get going.

Adding Measurements

We first talk about adding measurements. So, say you are a restaurant owner. You want to put two tables together to create a longer table. But, you need to add the lengths of the tables to make sure that you have enough room in your restaurant to do this. One table measures 3 feet and the other table measures 4 feet. How do you add them together?

First, we see that both measurements are in feet, so that tells us that we can go ahead with our addition without any changes. We can go ahead and add 3 feet and 4 feet together. What do we get? We get 7 feet.

Notice that I still have my measurement unit of feet attached to my number 7. If we thought about this as adding variables, we can change our feet to x. Our problem then becomes 3x + 4x.

Because both terms have an x as the variable, they are like terms so we can go ahead and add to get 7x. We can switch out the x for feet again and we would have our answer of 7 feet as well.

We just talked about adding when our measurement units are the same. But what do we do when our measurement units are similar, but not exactly the same? For example, what if one table measured 3 feet and the other table measured 36 inches? What would we do then?

Well, we see that our measurement units are not the same so that tells us that we can’t go ahead with addition. But we see that we can convert our measurement units. We need our measurement units to be the same before adding. We see that one measurement is in feet and the other is in inches. We can go about it two ways. We can either change our feet measurement into inches or our inches measurement into feet.

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Subtracting Measurements

We also need to make sure our measurement units are the same when subtracting. If they are the same, we can go ahead with our subtraction. If they are not, then we need to convert the measurement so that the measurement units are the same.

For example, say you, as the restaurant owner, wanted to install a fish tank inside your restaurant. The fish tank measures 7 feet in length. The space where you want to install the fish tank is 10 feet in length. Will the fish tank fit? We can find out by subtracting the length of the fish tank from the length of the restaurant space.

We see that both measurement units are the same so we can go ahead with our subtraction of 10 feet ‒ 7 feet. What do we get? We get 3 feet. That means that you will have 3 extra feet and the fish tank will fit. Turning this into a variable problem, we have 10x ‒ 7x, which equals 3x, or 3 feet.

Again, if our measurement units are different, we need to convert them so that they are the same before proceeding. So, if our fish tank measured 120 inches and our restaurant space measured 10 feet, we need to either convert the 120 inches into feet or the 10 feet into inches.

This time we are going to convert the feet into inches. To do this, I multiply my 10 feet by 12 to get 120 inches. Hey, look at that. The measurements are exactly the same and 120 ‒ 120 is 0. That means the fish tank just fits!

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Task 2. Answer the following questions.

1.What is the difference between US and Metric System?

2.How can we measure the units in inches and compare to centimeters?

3.What is the alternative measure unit to kilogram in US metric system?

4.How can we convert inches to centimeters?

5.What should we do if our measurement units are similar?

Task 3. Summarize the definitions:

–extent, size, etc., ascertained by measuring;

–to supply or stock with something, as for future use;

–to make many or manifold; increase the number, quantity, etc;

–of, relating to, or forming a base; fundamental;

–to change (something) into a different form or properties; transmute; transform;

–a concise list or guide;

–to fasten or affix; join; connect;

–apt or liable to vary or change; changeable.

Task 4. Unscramble the words.

TENMREASUEM

TINU

CETONI

RACTTSSBU

PLYUMLTI

TIONPERAO

DEDIVI

BLAEIRAV

TERVNOC

MELBROP

LEBTA

GEHNAC

Task 5. Translate from Russian into English.

Россельхознадзор: таможня не готова к ликвидации еды

Россельхознадзор усомнился в том, что уничтожение запрещенного для ввоза продовольствия начнется по плану, так как Федеральная таможенная служба не готова к совместным действиям.

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ОбэтомсообщаетТАССсоссылкойнапресс-секретаряРоссельхознад- зора Юлию Мелано.

НеназванныйисточникИнтерфаксавведомствесообщиложалобах«на противодействие со стороны таможенных органов, которые тормозят начало этой важной процедуры из-за нерешенности ряда вопросов». Жалобы, по словам источника, поступают от руководителей территориальных органов Россельхознадзора.

Комментариямитаможеннойслужбыроссийскиеагентствапоканерасполагают.

Уничтожение запрещенного к ввозу в Россию продовольствия должно начаться 6 августа. Эта дата названа в указе президента Владимира Путина, изданном с подачи министра сельского хозяйства Александра Ткачева.

Общественная петиция в Интернете против уничтожения свежих продуктов и за передачу их нуждающимся гражданам набрала уже больше 200 тысяч подписей.

Россия в августе 2014 г. ввела эмбарго на импорт продуктов питания из стран, наложившихнанееэкономическиеифинансовыесанкциипослеаннексии Крыма и поддержки сепаратизма в Донбассе.

(www.bbc.com)

Task 6. Read and translate the following text to fulfill the tasks below.

Just like you and your friend communicate using the same language, scientists all over the world need to use the same language when reporting the measurements they make. This language is called the metric system. In this lesson we will cover the metric units for length, mass, volume, density and temperature, and also discuss how to convert among them.

Metric Measurement

What do all of these words have in common: thermometer, barometer, diameter, odometer and parameter? All of these words end in meter. You’ve probably heard this word before, but what does it mean? Meter at the end of a word means measure. You use all kinds of measurements each day. How much sugar is needed in the cookies you’re baking? Will it be warm enough to leave your jacket at home? How fast are you driving? How much will a bag of apples cost? How much time will it take you to get home from work?

Most Americans are taught the English or standard system of measurement, but never get a really good dose of the metric system. Lucky for you, it’s a much easier system to learn than the English system because all the measurements are

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base 10 meaning that when you’re converting from one to another, you will always be multiplying or dividing by a multiple of 10. This is much easier than trying to do calculations between ounces and pounds, and feet and miles.

Because you may not be used to thinking metrically, it may take a little practice using and working with the metric system before you gain a better understanding of it and become more fluent in the measurement language of scientists (and most non-Americans). I challenge you to sprinkle a little more metric in your life. Maybe read the milliliter measurement on your soda can or glance at the kilometer reading on your speedometer. Being able to picture metric quantities will really help with the rest of this course.

Length

We’re going to start with the units of length so we can get back to this word meter that we started out with. The meter is the basic unit of length in the metric system. A meter is a tiny bit longer than a yard. For distances much longer than a meter, you’d add the prefix kilo- to make the measurement kilometer. A kilometer is the metric version of our mile, even though it’s a bit shorter than our mile. A kilometer is equivalent to exactly 1,000 meters. Any unit that has the word kiloin front of it is equivalent to 1,000 units. You can attach the prefix kilo- to just about anything. If something takes 1,000 seconds, it takes a kilosecond. If a forest has 1,000 trees, it has a kilotree.

For distances much shorter than a meter, we would use either a centimeter or a millimeter. A centimeter is about the width of your pinky. There are exactly 100 centimeters in a meter. In fact, anything that has the prefix centi- is one-hun- dredth the size of that base unit. This should be very easy to remember, because there are 100 cents in a dollar. One cent is one-hundredth of a dollar!

The last prefix you should be familiar with is milli-. There are exactly 1,000 millimeters in a meter. Anything that has the prefix milliis 1,000th the size of its base unit. This one is a bit more difficult to remember, but it is definitely the prefix you would use the most in a chemistry class.

Mass

Next on our list of important metric quantities is mass. This is one of the most important measurements a chemist makes. Mass is how much of something you have, or the amount of matter in an object. Don’t confuse this with volume (which we’ll get to in a bit). Mass is measured using a balance, and the basic unit for mass is the gram. To give you an idea of the relative size of a gram, the mass of a penny is about 2.5 grams.

Sometimes people get confused with the difference between mass and weight. They end up being quite similar because everything you and I do takes place on Earth. But, mass and weight differ because mass is how much of something you

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have and weight is the force of gravity on an object. Take a look at this example. Both of these blocks have the same mass (one kilogram, or 1,000 grams), but one is on Earth and the other is on the moon. Because the Earth has more mass than the moon, it is going to pull the block with more force. This is why things on Earth have more weight than things on the moon, even though both have the same mass. This may be difficult to imagine because it’s not like you’re going to the moon on a daily basis to check this stuff out.

Task 7. Make up a dialogue according to the theme of text. Work in pairs and role-play it.

Task 8. Summarize the definitions:

–the amount or quantity of heaviness or mass; amount a thing weighs;

–something prefixed, as a title before a person’s name;

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–the extent or amount of space between two things, points, lines, etc;

–a call or summons to engage in any contest, as of skill, strength, etc;

–a single thing or person.

Task 9. Unscramble the words.

RETEM

RESUAEM

ERTNOCV

KLEINPRS

EEDPS

TIIESTANQU

SINOREV

FIXREP

ILARMIFA

STIMEHC

ECTJOB

CENLABA

Task 10. Translate from Russian into English.

Французская таможня задержала картину Пикассо

КартинуПаблоПикассо, оцениваемуюпоменьшеймерев27,4 млндолл., изъяли на Корсике французские таможенники.

«Портрет молодой женщины» кисти одного из самых «дорогих» художников в мире был обнаружен на судне, капитан которого утверждал, что картину везут с согласия владельца из Испании в Швейцарию.

Однакоофициальнооформленногоразрешениянавывозонпредставить не смог. Более того, в сопровождающих картину документах таможенники обнаружили решение испанского суда, запрещающее вывозить картину из страны.

КартинапринадлежитиспанскомубанкируХаймеБотену, ноиспанские власти считают ее национальным достоянием.

Сейчас французские таможенники ждут от Мадрида официального запроса на возврат картины.

(www.bbc.com)

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