hypermarkets - 5%. Sales on the Internet occupied only a fraction of a percent. In 2005, we can assume that the market will look like that: the share of "open markets" is reduced to 39%, the share of supermarkets will be 45%, while the share of hypermarkets will increase to 15%. It should be noted that out of the 13% 11% will be in electronics superstores and 3% in hypermarkets of the general type. Internet sales will reach about 3%.
Task: Determine the optimal size of trade
Solution: Formats of sales can be arranged in a hierarchy in terms of sales, the level of service, variety of assortment variety. Consequently, the lower level belongs to the "open market", the middle level is occupied by supermarkets of electronics, the upper level is owned by hypermarkets. It should also be noted that each format, standing on a higher level of the hierarchical scheme will take market share from the downstream format. Thus, the share of the "open market" will be reduced in favor of supermarkets, hypermarkets which will take away, in turn, a certain fraction.
Based on the above, we can conclude that at present the most optimal format is the supermarket trade.
12. Tasks for independent work of students, forms of organization, conduct and control of independent student work (ISW).
Tasks and topics Topic 1. Knowledge Management System Form of ISW: - Study of the lecture material;
-implementation of ISW №1.
Form of control: Workshop 1:
-Presentation on the results of implementation of the ISW №1
-Participation in the discussion.
-Preparation for the issues on the topic;
-Preparation of reports and presentations
Tasks and topics Topic 2. State Policy for Science and Technology Form of ISW – homework on the material on the subject;
Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Preparation for the issues relating to employment.
-Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Preparation for the issues relating to employment.
-implementation of ISW №5.
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Tasks and topics Topic 3 Analysis of the intellectual potential Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Implementation of ISW №2; Form of control: Workshop 2:
-Delivery of the executed task of ISW №2;
-Participation in the discussion;
Tasks and topics Topic 4. Assessment of intellectual property Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Preparation for the issues relating to employment;
-Implementation of ISW №3.
Form of control :Workshop 3: -Discussing issues relating to employment;
-Participation in the discussion;
-Perform analytical tasks;
-Deposit of ISW №3.
Tasks and topics Topic 5. Copyright economics Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Preparation for the issues relating to employment;
-Implementation of ISW №4.
Form of control: Workshop 4: -Discussing issues relating to employment;
-Participation in the discussion;
-Deposit of ISW №4.
Tasks and topics Topic 6. Develop an innovative product Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Preparation for the issues relating to employment.
-Implementation of ISW №5.
Form of control :Workshop 5: -Discussing issues relating to employment; - Participation in the discussion
-Deposit of ISW №5 .
Tasks and topics Topic 7. Marketing innovative product Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Preparation for the issues relating to employment.
-Implementation of ISW №6.
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Form of control: Seminar 6:
-Discussing issues relating to employment;
-Participation in the discussion;
-Deposit of ISW №6.
Tasks and topics Topic 8. Innovative project management Form of ISW - Study lecture material;
-Preparation for the issues relating to employment;
-Implementation of ISW №7.
Form of control :Workshop 7: -Discussing issues relating to employment;
-Participation in the discussion;
-Deposit of ISW №7.
Tasks and topics Topic 9. Management and Evaluation of Scientific and Technical programs
Form of ISW - self-study material on the subject; - Preparation for the issues on the topic.
Form of control - the answers to the final test
13. Examples of test tasks
Test questions on the theme "Knowledge Management System"
1.Who introduced into scientific use the term "knowledge
economy"?
1.G. Kleiner
2.L. Hochberg
3.F. Machlup
4.K. Popper
2.Knowledge is becoming a major factor in the production
1.at the end XIX century
2.In the beginning of the twentieth century
3.In the middle of the twentieth century
4.At the end of the twentieth century.
3. The basis of the formation of the knowledge economy was laid
by
1.The increase in the population with higher education
2.Informatization of society
3.The development of mechanics
4.Globalization
4. Select the odd characteristics of the knowledge economy
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1.any product carries a unique knowledge within it
2.Knowledge is a full product
3.The knowledge must be difficult to access
4.knowledge is a factor of production
5.The product of mental activity of a man in his understaning of the essence of the phenomena of the world is ...
Answer: knowledge
Test questions on "Analysis of the intellectual potential"
6.What skills are relevant to the employee high-tech industry?
1.personal
2.intelligent
3.The Executive
4.The commitment to implement the instructions
7.Which skills of an employee are relevant to the high-tech industry? (answer - one word)
Answer: intelligent
8.What is the driving factor of innovative reorganizations in the
company?
1.capital
2.Management System
3.Intellectual Capital of employees
4.labor productivity.
3. The set of theoretical knowledge, practical experience and individual abilities of employees engaged in work to create innovation in industrial enterprises is
1.competence
2.Social Capital
3.Intellectual Capital
4.intellectual potential
4.Are the statements true?
A.The absolute intellectual potential corresponds to the complexity of the problems facing the scientific and technical personnel of the enterprise.
B.The difference between absolute and real intellectual potential
comprises a possible reserve of efficiency of high-tech industry increase.
1.statement A is true
2.statement B is true
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3.both statements are true
4.both statements are false.
5.Are the statements true?
A.An increase of the personal qualification opportunities of an employee is characterized by the quantitative development of intellectual potential.
B.The qualitative intellectual potential of an employee is determined by his personal abilities, level of education, skills.
1. statement A is true
2.statement B is true
3.both statements are true
4both statements are false.
Tests on "Intellectual Property Valuation"
1.Determining the value of the scope of rights to the results of
creative, scientific and technical human activities that provide the benefits to their owners - is
1.The definition of the project budget
2.The assessment of intellectual potential
3.The maintenance of the database
4.Assessment of intellectual property
2.Are the statements true?
A. Intellectual property can be made as a contribution to the charter
capital of the organization without its evaluation.
B. Intangible assets of the company do not lose their value in the course of its life.
1.statement A is true
2.statement B is true
3.Both statements are true
4.Both statements are false
3.What type of cost of intellectual property gives an idea of the impact of planned investments?
1.liquidation
2.collateral
3.investment
4.market
4. What type of intellectual property value determines the price at which the property can be transferred from the seller to the buyer?
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1.liquidation
2.collateral
3.investment
4.market
5.Select the excess in the list of factors affecting the value of intellectual property
1.The average market price of the property
2.The costs of establishing
3.The reliability of legal protection
4.The useful lifespan of an object
Test questions on "Copyright Economics"
1.What does copyright give to the owners?
1.The right to dispose of property
2.The right to own the property
3.Ownership rights
4.The exclusive ownership rights
2.When was the Institute of copyright first started?
1.in the 16th century.
2.in the 17th century
3.in the 18th century
4.in the 19th century
3.Insert the missing word "Copyright enables content owners
...their price and the means of product delivery"
1.reduce
2.dictate
3.assess
4.voice
4.Are the statements true?
A. It is difficult for small and medium-sized companies to overcome the barriers to enter the market if they do not have the rights to intellectual property.
B. Copyright literally means the right to copy.
1.statement A is true
2.statement B is true
3.Both statements are true
4.Both statements are false
5.Are the statements true?
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A.The project author may not have property rights to it.
B.Copyright means the right of the author to use the object of intellectual property as they please.
1 statement A is true
2. statement B is true
3. Both statements are true
4. Both statements are false
1.An accelerator of the innovation process in a systematic
approach is
1.entrance
2.exit
3.The external environment
4.The "black box"
2. The systematic approach in regards to the external environment
views
1.The consumer markets
2.The result of the scientific and research activities
3.The resource markets
4.The mechanism of innovation management
3.In a systematic approach as an accelerator is viewed the
following
1."empty space"
2.The "black box"
3."exit"
4."white cube"
4. Are the statements true?
A.In the middle of the twentieth century the growth of demand for basic goods in the midst of a supply deficit guaranteed the sale of new products.
B.The concept of "technological shock" is considered the only source of innovation research.
1. statement A is true
2. statement B is true
3. Both statements are true
4. Both statements are false
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5. Are the statements true?
A.The basic innovations form the preconditions for the emergence of technological stalemate.
B.Basic innovations serve as a means of avoiding economic
depression.
1. statement A is true
2. statement B is true
3. Both statements are true
4. Both statements are false
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The Discipline: «Commercialization of High Technology
Products and Innovative Entrepreneurship. Innovative Business
Engineering»
1.Brief Characteristics of the Discipline (Module)
The course consists of two modules. The first module “Commercialization of Science intensive products” covers institutional environment for innovative activity, international practices of intellectual property protection case study. The students are taught to assess innovation competitiveness, determine the features of international marketing in innovation sector. The second module “Innovative Business Engineering” gives students the tools to determine the stages of entrepreneurial process, analyze Google, IBM, Ericsson, and Apple practices of business model development. In the framework of the module they determine the key resources and tools of innovative business management and consider the issues of internal entrepreneurship.
2. The Aims of the Discipline
The aim of the discipline (module) “Commercialization of Science intensive products and Innovative Entrepreneurship, Innovative Business Engineering” is as follows:
– Formation of competences which help Master degree students to design and manage the innovative entrepreneurial projects.
The objectives of the discipline are as follows:
–Training the Master degree students in organizational, institutional, and economical grounds for establishment of innovative companies;
–Forming the complex of managing competences which are necessary for successive implementation of entrepreneurial projects;
–Understanding the specific features of commercialization of science intensive production.
3.Expected Results Represented in the Form of Competences
As a result of study the discipline (module) “Commercialization of
Science intensive products and Innovative Entrepreneurship. Innovative Business Engineering” the following competences are formed.
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The special competences (Master degree program competences) formed as a result of the discipline study, include:
SC–13 – a student is skilled in using the methods of business evaluation and management, finding and attracting the sources for implementation of business projects, creating and managing a product brand, using legal standards in entrepreneurship sphere, namely:
A Master degree student shall demonstrate:
Knowledge of the grounds of innovative business value management;
Ability to design a business model for commercialization of
science intensive products; develop a plan of innovative business start-up;
Skills in international marketing and pricing, methods of science intensive production financing; developing and managing the entrepreneurial process.
SC–15 – a student is skilled in evaluating the social, economic and technological conditions of business activity and forecasting the business development scenarios; assessing the risks and minimizing their consequences, using the techniques of establishing the new companies and estimating the commercial prospects of novel equipment and technology, products and services, namely:
A Master degree student shall demonstrate:
Knowledge of project start-up process; institutional
environment for science intensive production organization;
Ability to recognize the entrepreneurial potential, analyze business opportunities and develop road maps to start business activity in the high technology sphere;
Skills in determining the main resources of an entrepreneurial company; using the tools for business management and commercialization of science intensive products.
4. Content of the Discipline
Calendar-thematic plan of study of the subjects (modules), indicating types of academic work, including the independent work of students and labor intensity (in hours): lectures, seminars and CDS; forms of ongoing monitoring of performance (by weeks of the semester) and forms of interim certification (per semester)
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Module 1. Commercialization of Science intensive products
Life Cycle of Technological Set-Up and Innovative Waves: 2-2-6 Institutional Environment of Innovative Activity. International
Practice of Intellectual Property Protection:2-2-8 Evaluation of Innovation Competitiveness: 2-1-10
Specialties of International Marketing in Innovation Sphere: 2-1-8 Types of Innovative Companies. International Practice of
Establishment of High Technology Companies: 2-2-4
Specialties of Innovative Business Financing in Russia and Abroad: 2-4-8
Module 2. Innovative Business Engineering
Stages of Entrepreneurial Process: 2-4-4
Development of a Business Model for Innovative Products. Google, IBM, Ericsson, Apple Case Studies: 4-4-10
Identification of an Entrepreneurial Company’s Key Resources: 2-
4-8
Growing Business Management Tools: 4-2-6 Internal Entrepreneurship: 2-2-6
Development of Networks and Contacts. Positive and Negative Networking: 4-2-8
5.Content of Lecture Course
The total duration of the lecture course is 30 hours. The specific distribution of study time over the certain modules/topics of the discipline (module) “Commercialization of Science Intensive Products and Innovative Entrepreneurship. Innovative Business Engineering” and content of lectures according to the topics are given below.
Module 1. Commercialization of Science Intensive Products (12
hours)
Topic 1.1 Life Cycle of Technological Set-Up and Innovative Waves (2 hours)
Technological set-ups in economics. J. Schumpeter’s innovative waves. Live cycle of innovations. Ways of innovative cycle time reduction. Intellectual products at the output of steps. Diffusion of innovations. Finding the innovations.
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Тема 1.2 Institutional Environment of Innovative Activity. International Practice of Intellectual Property Protection (2 hours)
Concept of intellectual property. The role of intellectual property in innovation management. Intellectual property objects. Their origin in innovative cycle – international practice. Objects of patent and copyright law. “Now-how” as an object of intellectual property. “Now-how” role in technology transfer.
Тема 1.3 Evaluation of Innovation Competitiveness (2 hours)
Evaluation of innovation competitiveness. Competitiveness as a “price-quality” ratio. Integral indicators of quality and competitiveness of innovative products. New product pricing (cost, comparative and income approach).
Тема 1.4 Specialties of International Marketing in Innovation Sphere (2 hours)
Specialties of marketing in innovation sphere. Marketing objectives on different stages of innovative activity. Selection of prospective ideas and forecast of innovative product commercialization.
Тема 1.5 Types of Innovative Companies. International Practice of Establishment of Science Intensive Companies (2 hours)
Innovative zones, centers and innovation incubators. Innovative potential of a company. Innovative infrastructure.
Тема 1.6 Specialties of Innovative Business Funding in Russia and Abroad (2 hours)
Specialties of innovative development funding. Venture capital role. Funding on different stages of innovative project. Venture investors, business angel associations and funds. Development of venture capital in Russia. State, private and regional funds.
Module 2. Innovative Business Engineering (18 hours)
Topic 2.1 Stages of Entrepreneurial Process (2 hours)
Specialties of business development in transition economy countries. Sources of business activity. Scenarios of innovative business origin. Creativity and innovations. Methods of creative thinking. Analysis of business opportunities.
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Topic 2.2 Development of a Business Model for Innovative Products. Google, IBM, Ericsson, Apple Case Studies (4 hours)
Road map for to beginning the business activity. A concept of business model. Approaches to business model analysis. Main elements of business model. Business model types. Principles of business model development. Business model and business planning ratio. Business planning and financial modeling.
Topic 2.3 Identification of an Entrepreneurial Company’s Key Resources (2 hours)
Types of entrepreneurial company’s resources. Main funding sources of entrepreneurial company. Physical resources. Technological resources as sources for innovations. Company’s reputation. Education and training of employees. Team work skills. Loyalty of employees.
Company’s resources as a competitive advantage. VRIO resource analysis. Development of company’s potential. Ways to develop new opportunities: takeover and merger, strategic alliances, innovative culture of company.
Topic 2.4 Growing Business Management Tools (4 hours)
Models of company growth. Organizational “growth diseases”. Growing business management tools. Growth factors of Russian and foreign entrepreneurial companies. Transition from entrepreneurship to professional management. Development management.
Topic 2.5 Internal Entrepreneurship (2 hours)
Internal entrepreneurship conception. Role of internal entrepreneurship in company development. Corporate venture. Spin-off companies. Principles of internal entrepreneurship. Factors of internal entrepreneurship development at a company. Economic efficiency of internal entrepreneurship. Business evaluation.
Topic 2.6 Development of Networks and Contacts. Positive and Negative Networking (4 hours)
Types of communication objectives. Impact as a strategic objective. Factors of efficient interaction. Ambient conditions as a resource. Personal resources. Communication impact technology.
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6. Content of workshops/practical classes/laboratory practicums
Practical classes are scheduled in accordance with the curriculum of the discipline “Commercialization of Science Intensive Products and Innovative Entrepreneurship. Innovative Business Engineering”.
The overall duration of practical classes is 30 hours.
Module 1. Commercialization of Science Intensive Products
1.1 Life Cycle of Technological Set-Up and Innovative Waves
Case Analysis:
Task to the case “Transformation of IBM Corporation”.
1. Analyze the IBM transition from private to collective innovation
model.
2. Describe the steps of the company’s development. What management solutions were made to bring the company to the current level?
1.2 Institutional environment of innovative activity. International practice of intellectual property protection .
Case Analysis:
Strategies of intellectual property in use. Cases: Millennium
Pharmaceuticals, IBM, Intel
Test paper:
Patent cost calculation
1.3 Evaluation of Innovation Competitiveness
Analysis of Sidorin’s work “Analysis and Forecast of Innovative Product Competitiveness”
1.4 Specialties of International Marketing in Innovation Sphere
Case Analysis:
Task to the case of OOO “Fulldome Film Society”:
To work out a plan of activities to participate in expo of OOO “Fulldome Film Society” according to the following scheme:
Select an exhibition to participate in (with comparative analysis) Plan of company’s participation in exhibition or fair (including
personnel training and allocation of duties).
Selection of exhibition content and presentations. Participation budget estimate
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1.5 Types of Innovative Companies. International Practice of Establishment of Science Intensive Companies
Case Analysis:
Establishment of new companies on the basis of owned technologies. Case: “Lucent New Group of Companies”
1.6 Specialties of Innovative Business Funding in Russia and
Abroad
Calculation of innovative business economic efficiency criteria
Module 2. Innovative Business Engineering
2.1 Stages of Entrepreneurial Process
Questions for workshop discussion:
1.Analyze your own qualities in the context of readiness for entrepreneurial activity. What is your opinion regarding the other characteristics and factors contributing to the decision of becoming an entrepreneur?
2.What social and demographic features of Russian, European, American and Asian entrepreneurs you can list?
3.What are the main steps which you can take to succeed?
4.What criteria and characteristics the entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, and private investors use to assess the business opportunities? Why it may have a principle meaning?
Case analysis:
Task to the Case “1”.
Analyze the history of a company’s establishment with use of Timmons model. How can you characterize the business idea of the company? Describe the process of business idea formation. What approach did the entrepreneur use to discover a business opportunity? What model components contributed to the company’s success in the years of market activity?
2.2 Development of a Business Model for Innovative Products. Google, IBM, Ericsson, Apple Case Studies
Questions for workshop discussion:
1.List the main components of business model. How does the selected business model influence the results of the company’s activity?
2.What types of Russian business model from machine engineering and petrochemical industry do you know?
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Case analysis:
Task to the Case “2”.
Analyze Google business model. How the business idea was transformed into a business model? Why did this business model contribute to the company success? How should the business model be changed on the next stage of business development?
Team work:
Analytical note: “Apply J.Timmons model to the analysis of the first five years of any company you know”.
2.3 Identification of an Entrepreneurial Company’s Key Resources
Questions for workshop discussion:
1.How do resources influence the competitive advantage?
2.What resource limitations does a company face during the growth process?
Case analysis:
Task to the Case “3”.
Analyze the main resources of the company. Perform VRIOanalysis. What is the role of knowledge in value engineering?
Prove the necessity of integration of a knowledge management system at the current stage of the company development and the industry state. Analyze organizational structure of the company and the industrial engineering complex in the context of knowledge management system compliance.
2.4 Growing Business Management Tools
Questions for workshop discussion:
1.List the main benefits and risks related to application of different growth strategies.
2.List the main changes in structure of an organic growth company and a company growing at the expense of external sources. Give examples.
3.Consider the difference between an entrepreneur and a professional manager. Provide reasons and examples.
4.What is the difference between control transfer in Russian business and international practices?
Master class of a business owner: “Transfer of administration to a
hired manager. Business history. Reasons of the award”
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2.5 Internal Entrepreneurship
Questions for workshop discussion:
1. Specify the problems appearing when this management approach is used. Specify the main results of management change.
2. Consider the methods of organizing company’s activity according to the principles of internal entrepreneurship by the example of any company you know. What internal changes are required? Forecast the results of this approach integration.
2.6 Development of Networks and Contacts. Positive and Negative Networking
Master class of an active entrepreneur
7.Tasks for Individual Student Work (ISW), Structure and Control of ISW.
The individual student works are scheduled in accordance with the curriculum of the discipline “Commercialization of Science intensive products and Innovative Entrepreneurship. Innovative Business Engineering”.
The overall duration of individual student work is 84 hours. The content and distribution of hours over the separate topics is represented in Table 2.
Planned content of individual student work
Module 1. Commercialization of Science Intensive Products
1.1Life Cycle of Technological Set-Up and Innovative Waves
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the colloquium
1.2Institutional Environment of Innovative Activity. International Practice of Intellectual Property Protection
•Drafting a case.
•Preparing for the test paper
1.3Evaluation of Innovation Competitiveness
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the workshop discussion on A.V. Sidorin work “Analysis and Forecast of Innovative Product Competitiveness”
1.4Specialties of International Marketing in Innovation Sphere
•Preparing for a case discussion
1.5Types of Innovative Companies. International Practice of Establishment of High Technology Companies
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•Preparing for a case discussion
1.6Specialties of Innovative Business Financing in Russia and
Abroad
• Individual study of topics. Problem solving.
Writing a library research paper on “Searching and Attracting the Investment Sources by an Entrepreneurial Company”
2.1Stages of Entrepreneurial Process
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the colloquium
•Preparing for a case discussion
Writing an interview report “The Entrepreneur’s Interview”
2.2 Development of a Business Model for Innovative Products. Google, IBM, Ericsson, Apple case studies
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the colloquium
•Preparing for a case discussion
•Team discussions
Team work training (3 students maximum): “Apple Business
Model”
2.3 Identification of an Entrepreneurial Company’s Key Resources
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the colloquium
•Preparing for a case discussion
2.4 Growing Business Management Tools
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the colloquium Team work training (3 students maximum): “Growing Business
Management Tools”
2.5 Internal Entrepreneurship
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the colloquium
2.6Development of Networks and Contacts. Positive and Negative Networking
•Individual study of topics, preparing for the colloquium
Three individual and two team works of Master degree students are scheduled for the semester.
Methods of Individual Student Work Control Recommendations on individual student work
Library research paper “Searching and Attracting the Investment Sources by an Entrepreneurial Company”
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Students are to prepare a text document on one of the following
topics:
1.Company Financing Sources – International Practice
2.The Initial Stage of a Company’s Development (Seed Stage, Start-up, Early Growth). Informal Financing Sources on Early Stages of a Company’s Development.
3.Attraction of Venture Fund (Growth Stage): Interaction Characteristics.
4.Activity of Venture Funds in Russia, Europe, USA, and Asian countries. Comparative Analysis.
5.Business Angel Associations. History of Creation and Specific Features of Their Activity in Russia.
6.Attraction of Debt Financing (Microfinancing, Commercial Loans, Leasing, Factoring, Bank Loans).
The work is to be represented as a Word text document. The number of characters should be minimum 20 thousand. In order to perform this task a student demonstrates his or her ability to use a complex approach in analysis of the set task, skills to represent his or her work as a text document
To assess this task a lecturer considers the following criteria: Depth of the analysis and addressing the selected issue; Range of bibliography, sources, quality of citations;
Composition and structure of the work; General skills (composition, literacy etc.); The work deadline.
A lecturer uses the 100-point system to assess this work. Should a student fail to provide the work by the due date, the grade is lowered by 10 points for each week of delay.
“The Entrepreneur’s Interview”
This is the individual work task. A student is to interview an entrepreneur he/she knows. A student has to find out the entrepreneur’s motives of running a business and the business history.
The task requirements:
An entrepreneur should be the one who has been running his
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business for 3 years minimum. He or she should be the founder of a company which counts not less than 5 employees.
A student has to interview the entrepreneur personally. A telephone interview is unacceptable.
A record of the interview should be represented as a report of minimum 3 thousand characters. The interview record should be authenticated by the entrepreneur (date, signature).
In the final section of the work, a student is to demonstrate how the interview results may be used by or are important for him or her.
A student should try to do his or her work interesting. The work should reflect the core of obtained information, as a rule it is introduced in the end of the work. The work should not be identical to the interview record.
To assess this task, a lecturer considers the following criteria:
Running the interview with an active entrepreneur;
Complexity of the questions;
Consistency and structuring of the interview report;
Author’s conclusions and summery on value of obtained
information;
The work deadline.
A lecturer uses the 100-point system to assess this work taking into account all the items mentioned above. Should a student fail to provide the work by the due date, the work should not be accepted and a student gets 0 points.
Team work training (3 students maximum): “Apple Business
Model”
Apple case study. Students are encouraged to analyze the company’s business model and to represent the analysis in accordance with A. Ostervald scheme. Each element of the business model should be provided with a comment.
To assess this task a lecturer considers the following criteria:
Completeness and integrity of business presentation;
Completeness of the company’s business model analysis;
Adequacy and relevancy of new value offer;
Argumentativeness of changes in business model;
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