Сбор, диагностика и обработка палеонтологических материалов при проведении учебных геологических практик. Учебное пособие на модульной основе

5. Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

Australian;

South American.

84.The ancient ocean of Iapetus was a protobasin of: Pacific Ocean;

Indian Ocean; Arctic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean.

85.The continental structure formed in the Cambrian and named after Finland and the tribes of the European part of southern Russia:

Rodinia;

Laurentia;

Fennosarmatia;

Greenland.

86.Features of Ordovician trilobites:

they were able to curl up; they were not able to curl up;

the head shield is larger than the tail shield; the head shield is smaller than the tail shield.

87.Guiding fauna for distinguishing the lower border of the Ordovician:

foraminifera;

graptolites;

trilobites;

ammonites.

88.Folding, which is associated with the Silurian regression: Hercynian;

Caledonian;

Cimmerian;

Baikalian.

89.The Devonian system on the geological map is indicated by the color:

purple;

brown;

yellow; gray-green.

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5.Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

90.The Middle Paleozoic (on Russian geological maps) includes the periods:

O, S, D; S, D, C;

D, C, P1;

S, D, C1.

91. PZ3 (on Russian geological maps) includes periods: C,D, P;C1, C2;

C2,3, P;

P.

92.When did the “landfall” of plants occur? at the turn of the Silurian-Devonian;

at the turn of the Ordovician-Silurian;

at the turn of the Devonian-Carboniferous; at the turn of the Carboniferous-Permian.

93.What class of animals appeared in Devonian? fish;

birds;

trilobites;

reptiles.

93.What class of animals appeared in Devonian? fish;

birds;

trilobites;

reptiles.

95.What group of vegetation flourished in the Carboniferous? ferns;

coniferous;

deciduous;

lycopsids.

96.What climate prevailed in the Early Carboniferous? humid tropical;

arid;

arctic;

nival.

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5.Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

97.What is the main trend of climate change in the MiddleLate Carboniferous in comparison with the early one?

warming;

hydration;

cooling;

without changes.

98.The most characteristic feature of Carboniferous period: salt accumulation;

carbonate accumulation; bauxite accumulation; coal accumulation.

99.What mountain system was formed as a result of the Hercynian folding?

Ural; Altai-Sayan;

Verkhoyansk-Chukotka; Caucasus.

100.What is the period of Paleozoic of complete stabilization of of Pangea II?

C1;

DP;3;

S.

101.What is the main trend of climate change in the Late Permian?

humidification;

cooling;

aridity;

without changes.

102.The most characteristic minerals of the Permian:

oil;

gold;

iron;

salts.

103. The initial destructive processes in Permian time were subject to:

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5. Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

Pangea-0;

Pangea II;

Megagea;

Mesogea.

104.The cycle of tectogenesis appeared in the Mesozoic: Hercynian;

Caledonian;

Cimmerian;

Alpine.

105.At what period of the Mesozoic does the peak appearance of Indosinian tectogenesis occur?

Early Triassic; Late Triassic; Middle Jurassic; Early Cretaceous.

106.Which class of animals emerged at the end of the Triassic?

fish;

birds;

trilobites;

mammals.

107.The era of the flourishing of reptiles:

PZ2;

PZ3;

MZ;

KZ.

108.The time of the appearance of dinosaurs:

P;

T;

J;

K.

109.The predominant type of sedimentation in the Triassic: carbonate;

impact;

volcanogenic;

evaporite.

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5.Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

110.Which paleogeographic element did not exist in the Triassic?

Pangea-I; Pangea-II; Tethys Ocean;

Pacific Ocean (Paleopacific).

111.What process is activated in the Triassic?

orogenesis;

rifting;

catagenesis;

peneplanation.

112.The Early Cimmerian folding phase occurred in the Early Triassic;

Middle Triassic; Late Triassic;

it didn’t occur in the Triassic.

113.The time of the origin (opening) of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans:

Early Triassic; Late Triassic; Jurassic;

the beginning of the Cretaceous.

114.The greatest flourishing during the Jurassic period was reached by:

reptiles;

crustaceans;

fish;

mammals.

115.What oceanic basin began to form in the Lower Cretaceous:

Indian Ocean; Pacific ocean; Atlantic Ocean; Arctic Ocean.

116.Opening time of the basin of the Black Sea basin:

Late Cretaceous;

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5. Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

Late Jurassic;

Early Cretaceous;

Paleogene.

117.What type of vegetation arose in the Cretaceous period? gymnosperms;

angiosperm;

vegetation was not characteristic; algae.

118.What type of sedimentation is most characteristic of the Cretaceous?

carbonate;

continental;

volcanogenic;

evaporite.

119.When did Alpine folding occur?

in the Paleogene;

in the Late Cretaceous;

in the Neogene;

in the Anthropogen.

120.When did the formation of the Antarctic ice sheet

begin?

in the Paleogene;

in the Late Cretaceous; in the Neogene;

in the Anthropogen.

121.Which fold-mountain structures were formed during the Alpine folding period?

Ural;

Caucasus;

Cordilleras;

Andes.

122.Lower Mesozoic boundary:

220 million years;

250 million years;

280 million years;

310 million years.

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5.Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

123.The lower boundary of the Cenozoic:

30 million years;

45 million years;

65 million years;

75 million years.

124.When did the first anthropoid apes appear? in the Paleogene;

in the Late Cretaceous; in the Neogene;

in the Anthropogen.

125.Orogenesis that formed the Caucasus Mountains: Caledonian;

Baikalian;

Hercynian;

Alpine.

Category B

1.What is the name of the component part of historical geology, which is the calendar of geological events and the absolute scale of geological time?

2.What is the name of the component of historical geology that studies the sequence of geological processes and the accumulation of sedimentary complexes by establishing the relativity of their age and correlation?

3.What is the name of the component of historical geology that deals with the restoration of the physical and geographical conditions of the geological past?

4.What is the name of the component of historical geology that studies the history of movement and deformation of the Earth’s crust, leading to the formation of its main structural elements?

5.What is the name of the sediments formed during the largest geochronological unit – an eon with a duration of more than a billion years?

6.What are the names of sediments formed during an era lasting the first hundreds of millions of years?

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5.Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

7.What are the names of sediments formed over a period of tens of millions of years?

8.What is the name of the sediments formed during one epoch, the duration of which is the first tens of millions of years?

9.What is the name of the galaxy of a spiral, flattened shape, which includes the solar system?

10.What is the name of a complex of sediments characterized by a certain composition and physiographic conditions of formation different from neighboring sediments of the same stratigraphic level?

11.What is the name of the complex of sediments, which is an integral part of the formation, formed on a more or less significant area of the earth’s surface under certain tectonic and climatic conditions, differing from other features of composition and structure?

12.What is the name of stable blocks of the earth’s crust, which are fragments of microcontinents, island arcs, intraocean uplifts, having a certain lithologic and stratigraphic section, structure, geological history and tectonic nature of formation?

13.What are the names of stable blocks of the earth’s crust that formed in the Archean or early Proterozoic, having a twostory structure

14.What is the name of the last supercontinent in the history of the Earth, the destruction of which began in the Mesozoic?

15.Как называется суперконтинент, образовавшийся в позднем архее?

16.The Greek name for the upper part of the most ancient strata in translation meaning “primary life”?

17.The name of the time interval of the aggregate of rocks that unites the entire Precambrian?

18.What is the name of the time interval in the history of the Earth, corresponding to the eon that began from the moment the skeletal fauna appeared?

19.Which platform is based on the Witwatersrand series?

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5.Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

20.What is the name of the process of lithospheric plates spreading by the flow of basalt magma flowing through deep faults (for example: the mid-oceanic ridge)?

21.What is the name of the process of submerging an oceanic plate under a continental one (for example, the Pacific coast of the Far Eastern District of the Russian Federation)?

22.What is the name of the process of thrusting a fragment

of the oceanic crust onto the continental one, in the case of a lateral rather than a frontal collision, when the plates slide relative to each other (for example, the California coast)?

23.What is the name of the collision of two continental lithospheric plates (for example, the highest mountains of the world, the Himalayas, grew during the collision of the Indian and Asian plates?

24.What is the name of the coastal shallow part of the sea from 0 to 10 m, the band of wave-breaking movements?

25.What is the name of the zone of the sea basin, spread over the shelf at a depth of 10 to 200 (rarely 500)?

26.What is the name of the zone of the sea basin from 200 (500) m to 3000 m, including the continental slope?

27.What is the name of the deepest zone of the sea basin from 3,000 m to 11,000 m, stretching over the bed of the World Ocean?

28.What part is characterized by the conditions of sedimentation, when the processes of denudation (destruction) and transfer prevail, and the sediments are characterized by irregularity in area, great diversity, frequent changes along the vertical, dependence on the nature of the relief and climate?

29.Under what conditions are sediments formed that are characterized by a large area of distribution, lateral continuity, good sorting, rounding, regularity in the change of lithological differences?

30.What is the name of the oceanic paleobasin that separated the East European and East Siberian ancient platforms in the early Paleozoic, on the site of which the Ural Mountains were formed?

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5.Tasks to control residual knowledge on the history of Earth development

31.What formed the complete unification of Laurasia and Gondwana?

32.Ancient name of the basin that created the Black, Caspian and Azov seas?

33.What is the name of the orogenic process in the zones of fold belts?

34.What is the name of the process of stretching the continental crust?

35.What is the name of the transformation of the once

active mobile belt into a platform basement as a result of the manifestation of intense cover-folded deformations, granitization and regional metamorphism that occurred in the Early Cryptozoic?

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