Книги по МРТ КТ на английском языке / The Embryonic Human Brain An Atlas of Developmental Stages. Third Edition. 2006. By Ronan O'Rahilly-1
.pdf348 A p p e n d i x 2 : COMPUTER RANKING OF THE SEQUENCE OF APPEARANCE OF FEATURES OF THE BRAIN
Appendix 2. Continued. Main Features from 7 to 8 Postfertilizational Weeks, Beyond the Study by Computer Ranking
|
Approximate |
|
Stage |
age (days) |
|
|
|
|
20 |
47 |
Crossing fibers in optic chiasma |
|
|
Medial septal nucleus |
|
|
Nucleus of diagonal band |
|
|
Cuneate and gracile decussating fibers |
|
|
Olivo-arcuate migration |
21 |
50 |
Lateral olfactory tract |
|
|
Cortical plate in cerebral hemispheres |
|
|
Pyramidal cells in hippocampus |
|
|
Globus pallidus internus (future entopeduncular nucleus) |
|
|
Cranial nerves with glial (olfactory and optic) and neuri-lemmal cells between nerve fibers |
|
|
Ventral part of lateral geniculate body |
|
|
Area of future dentate gyrus |
|
|
Dentate nucleus of cerebellum |
22 |
52 |
Internal capsule present and three outlets forming |
|
|
Nerve fibers between neopallial subplate and internal capsule |
|
|
Claustrum |
|
|
Intereminential sulcus between medial and lateral ventricular eminences |
|
|
Roof of ventricle 3 becoming folded |
|
|
Intradural veins (dural sinuses) present |
23 |
56 |
Hippocampus reaches temporal pole |
|
|
Insula |
|
|
Caudate nucleus and putamen |
Beginning of anterior commissure
Optic tract reaches ventral part of lateral geniculate body
Cerebellar commissures
Principal nucleus of inferior olivary nuclei
Olivocerebellar fibers
Cells of area membranaceae cuboidal
Pyramidal decussation
Falx cerebri
Most cisterns present
Lateral parts of tentorium cerebelli
No apertures in roof of ventricle 4
|
INDEX |
355 |
Cerebellum (continued) |
neural, 23T, 33, 36, 37T, 39. 42–44, 47, 49T, |
Epithalamus, 148, 152, 159, 286 |
paleocerebellum, 272, 279, |
53, 62, 332 |
Exencephaly, 218 |
peduncle(s) |
optic, 33, 57, 62–67 |
Eye, 62, 64–67, 104, 232, 233 |
inferior, 144, 165, 181, 201,239, 248, 249, |
otic, 43, 49 |
optic primordia, 50 |
282 |
rhombencephalic, 43, 44 |
|
superior, 144, 223 |
spinal, 43, 49T |
F |
spinocerebellum, 279 |
terminal-vomeronasal, 43, 77 |
Falx cerebri, 16T, 230, 232, 276 |
staged, 101, 144–146, 223, 245–247 |
Crus cerebri, 297, 306 |
Fasciculus |
subdivisions, 272T |
Cuneus, 307 |
cuneatus, 248 |
vermis, 246, 247, 279 |
Cup, optic, 64, 79, 91, 99, 104, 114, 189 |
gracilis, 248 |
herniation of, 102 |
Cyclopia, 49, 50, 114 |
lateral longitudinal, 88, 98 |
Cerebrum, 332 |
Cyst, enteric, 38 |
medial longitudinal, 75, 88, 98, 147, 166, |
Chiari malformation, 102 |
|
211, 249 |
Chiasma, optic, 100, 166, 189, 207, 235, |
D |
prosencephalic, 98, 139, 166, 167, 199, 267 |
291–291 |
Dandy–Walker syndrome, 132 |
retroflexus. See Tract, |
Chondrocranium, 149, 153, 163, 191, 209, 225, |
Decussation, 332 |
habenulo-interpeduncular |
228, 229, 234, 235, 267, 282 |
cuneate, 171, 248, 250 |
ventral longitudinal, 63, 88, 98 |
basicranium, 153, 226, 228, 267, 282 |
gracile, 171, 248, 250 |
Fimbria, 269, 302, 303 |
Chorda tympani, 123, 224, 266 |
lemniscal, 152, 171, 223, 250 |
Fissure(s), 331 |
Choroid plexus |
optic, 166, 189 |
choroid of brain, 157, 172, 190, 222, 238, |
4th ventricle, 203, 215 |
pyramidal, 223, 250, 251 |
278, 308 |
lateral ventricle, 157, 172, 203, 211, 236, |
of superior cerebellar peduncles, 223 |
choroid of eye, 94, 104 |
237, 269 |
of superior colliculi, 98, 105, 106, 118, 130, |
longitudinal, 115, 117, 127, 137 |
ultrasound images, 16 |
177 |
posterolateral, 134, 144, 206, 245 |
Circulus arteriosus, 107, 204, 288, 296, 313 |
trochlear, 98, 118, 245, 246 |
retinal, 91, 94, 104 |
Cistern(s), 153, 190, 196, 226, 231, 234 |
Diastematomyelia, 38 |
transverse, 308 |
Claustrum, 155, 214, 236, 273 |
Diencephalon, 41, 93, 95, 122, 128T, 186T, 222, |
Flexure(s), 221, 263 |
Colliculus, colliculi |
268 |
cervical, 221 |
facial, 267 |
Disc(s) See also Plate) |
mesencephalic, 62, 96,136, 221, 254 |
inferior, 211, 225 |
epipharyngeal, 23, 39, 49T, 69 |
pontine, 87, 102, 164, 221 |
superior, 119 |
lens, 76, 232 |
Flocculus, 201, 212, 239, 245, 246 |
Commissure(s), 160, 332 |
nasal, 57 |
Floor plate, 333 |
anterior, 125, 291–294 |
otic, 33, 34, 48 |
Fluid |
cerebellar, 222, 223 |
retinal, 76, 232 |
cerebrospinal, 244 |
of fornix, 294 |
Dopaminergic innervation, 237 |
ependymal, 77 |
habenular, 161, 171, 189, 207, 222 |
Duct(s) |
Fold(s) |
of oculomotor nerve, 118, 171 |
endolymphatic, 94 |
choroid, |
posterior, 106, 118, 222 |
semicircular, 149, 188, 250 |
rhombencephalic, 135, 152 |
of superior colliculi, 98, 105, 106, 118, 130, |
Dura mater, 217, 230 |
telencephalic, 157 |
177 |
limiting layer, 119, 173, 217, 230, 231, 334 |
neural, 27, 33, 36 |
supramamillary, 98, 118 |
subdural space, 153 |
Folia of cerebellum, 280 |
supraoptic, 118, 137, 156, 166, 189, 207, 252 |
spinal, 153 |
Foramen, interventricular, 105, 118, 127, 152, |
trochlear, 98, 118, 245, 246 |
Dysraphia |
236 |
Complex |
cerebral, 82 |
Forebrain. See Prosencephalon |
amygdaloid, 88, 98, 123, 125, 138, 166, 331 |
spinal, 185 |
Formation, hippocampal, 300–303, 301T, 333 |
Cord |
|
Fornix, 238, 269, 294, 299, 308 |
hypoglossal cell, , 62, 332 |
E |
Funiculus |
hypothalamic cell, 87, 90 |
Ectoderm, neural, 23T, 333 |
cuneatus, 248 |
neural, 72, 73, 332 |
Ectopia, neural, 132 |
dorsal, 143, 165, 201 |
spinal, 31, 154, 184, 193, 259, 265, 332 |
Eminence(s), 333 |
gracilis, 248 |
Corpus |
caudal, 31, 34, 40, 46, 72, 333 |
lateral, 165 |
callosum, 238, 271, 289–294, 297, 307, 308 |
lateral and medial, 108, 118, 135, 152, 156T, |
ventral, 88 |
agenesis of, 300 |
333 |
Fusion |
striatum, 155T, 156T, 210, 237, 332 |
medial, 95, 333 |
cerebellar hemispheres, 247, 279 |
Cortex, cerebral, 193 |
ventricular, 87, 333 |
cerebral hemispheres, 205, 207, 265 |
neopallium, 238, 271 |
Encephalocele, 60 |
di-telencephalic, 205, 210, 219 |
piriform, 196 |
Encephalomeningocele, 60 |
neural folds, 39T, 40 |
vascularization, 170 |
Endplatte. See Lamina reuniens |
|
Cranior(h)achischisis, 60, 218 |
Ependyma, 215 |
G |
Cranium (See also Chondrocranium) |
choroidal, 172, 215 |
Ganglion, ganglia, 98, 106 |
craniovertebral region, 209, 226, 227 |
ventricular, 172 |
cervical, 98 |
Crest, |
Epiblast, 21, 29, 35, 46, 47 |
cranial, 62–65, 69, 98, 106, 123, 165, 224, |
cranial, 23T, 49T, 332 |
Epiphysis cerebri, 104, 105, 109, 118, 121T, |
266, |
facial, 43, 45 |
137, 142, 161, 162, 291, 292 |
facio-vestibulocochlear, 45, 64, 68, 80, 134, |
mesencephalic, 43, 44 |
Hinterlappen, 161 |
165, 333 |
nasal, 43, 158, 174 |
Vorderlappen, 120, 161 |
parasympathetic, 165 |
356 |
INDEX |
|
trigeminal, 64, 92, 128, 134, |
intermediate, 37, 335 |
glossopharyngeal, 88, 89 |
vomeronasal, 141 159 |
internal granular, 281 |
hypoglossal, 62, 71, 80, 88, 92, 98, 106, 224 |
spinal, 154, 184 |
mantle, 91, 108, 335 |
oculomotor, 88, 98, 123, 176, 224 |
sympathetic, 154 |
marginal, 37, 335 |
olfactory, 108, 123, 125, 131, 140, 160 |
Genes, 98, 167, 257T, 300 |
piriform, 281 |
optic, 223, 252 |
Glia, 175, 195, 239, 331 |
primordial plexiform, 88, 108, 129, 173, 193, |
dysgenesis, 132 |
Glioma, nasal, 60 |
240, 241, 334 |
spinal, 154, 209, 227 |
Globus pallidus |
subpial, 195 |
superior laryngeal, 224 |
externus, 171, 190, 192, 199, 236, 243 |
subventricular, 173, 195, 335 |
terminalis, 160, 177, G7 |
internus (See also Nucleus, entopeduncular) |
transient subpial granular layer, 214, 276, |
trigeminal, 88, 224, 249 |
190, 198 |
334 |
trochlear, 94, 98, 106, 224 |
Groove (See also Fossa) |
ventricular, 37, 335 |
vagus, 83, 98, 106 |
interpeduncular, 176, 239 |
Lemniscus, medial, 249 |
vestibular, 98 |
isthmic, 152, 171 |
Leptomeninx, 217 |
vomeronasal, 141, 159, 336 |
neural, 25, 27, 29, 33, 34, 36, 48, 59 |
Lip |
Neural tube defects, 258 |
primitive, 25, 28, 29, 34 |
dorsal of rostral neuropore, 56, 57, 71, 81, |
Neurobiotaxis, 180 |
Gyrus, gyri, 306T, 311, 312 |
83 |
Neuroectoderm, 23T, 333 |
cingulate, 269 |
rhombic, 117, 146, 201, 215, 245, 335 |
Neuroglia, See Glia. |
dentate, 300, 302 |
terminal of rostral neuropore, 56, 71, 83 |
Neurohypophysis, 50, 81, 105, 121T, 122, 163 |
|
Lissencephaly, 218 |
Neuromeres, 42, 45T, 81, 90, 101, 130, 336 |
H |
Lobe, flocculonodular, 279 |
staged, 42, 81, 90, 130, 131 13, 81 |
Hemisphärenstiel (See also Stalk), 339 |
Locus caeruleus, 95, 100, 123 |
Neurons |
Hemisphere(s) |
|
catecholaminergic, 166, 169 |
cerebellar, 246, 279, 280 |
M |
cholinergic, 177 |
cerebral, 88, 295, 308, 309 |
Massa cellularis reuniens, 192 |
GABA-expressing, 187, 156, 187 |
Hindbrain. See Rhombencephalon |
Massa commissuralis, 225 |
LHRH, 335 |
Hinterlappen of epiphysis, 161 |
Median sections of brain, 153, 191, 226, 282, |
Neuropores, 39, 53–57, 71, 73, 336 |
Hippocampus (See also Formation, |
291, 292 |
Neuroschisis, 74 |
hippocampal) 108, 110, 118, 125, 131, |
Medulloblastoma, 258 |
Neurulation, 23, 30, 72, 73, 336 |
135, 173, 190, 200, 222, 242, 269, 275, |
Meningocele, 259 |
primary and secondary, 23, 30, 73 |
302, 303, 333 |
Meninx, meninges, 78, 89, 184, 217 |
secondary, 71, 72 |
Holoprosencephaly, 113, 114, 257T |
Mesencephalon, 42, 130, 136, 175–177, 306, |
Node, primitive, 27, 29, 33, 34, 47 |
Hypoblast, 21, 46, 47 |
309 |
Nodule of cerebellum, 246 |
Hypophysis cerebri (See also Adenohypophysis |
Mesocoel, 244, 245 |
Notochord, 36, 58, 63, 87, 95, 107, 122 |
and Neurohypophysis), 105, 120, 121T, |
Mesocortex, 242 |
split syndrome, 38 |
122, 143, 162, 163, 304 |
Microglia, 105, 175 |
Nucleus, nuclei, 123, 336 |
Hypothalamus, 89, 95, 99, 100, 105, 110, 139, |
Migration |
abducent, 147, 165 |
287 |
interkinetic nuclear, 37 |
accumbens, 156, 210, 234 |
|
neural crest, 43, 44 |
afferent, 181 |
I |
neurons, 146 |
ambiguus, 147, 248, 249 |
Indusium griseum, 269, 308 |
olfactory, 213, 276 |
amygdaloid, 108, 126, 138, 139, 155, 157, 337 |
Infundibulum, 122 |
olivo-arcuate, 181, 219, 248, 266 |
anterior olfactory, 276 |
Insula, 137, 188, 210, 211, 221, 236, 263, 298, |
pontine, 248 |
basal, 149, 155, 219, 220, 276, 337 |
334 |
rhombencephalic, 215 |
caudate, 155, 210, 237, 243, 269, 284 |
Isthmus rhombencephali , 77, 78, 81, 87, 99, |
telencephalic, 174 |
cochlear, 147, 165, 248, 249 |
101, 130, 247, 334 |
telo-diencephalic, 272 |
common efferent, 91 |
Isthmushöcker, 134, 174 |
Midbrain. See Mesencephalon |
cuneate, 248, 286 |
|
Mittelhirnblindsack. See Blindsack |
dentate, 135, 201, 239, 249 |
K |
Mittelhirnpolster, 87, 107 |
of diagonal band, 157, 177, 196 |
Kappenkern, 248 |
Möbius, sequence of, 82 |
diencephalic, 190, 268 |
Kleinhirnwulst, 134, 170, 339 |
Myelination, 175, 297, 319–321 |
dorsal efferent of vagus, 181, 248, 249 |
|
Myelomeningocele, 259 |
entopeduncular, 190, 198 |
L |
Myeloschisis, 259 |
facial, 165, 180 |
Labyrinth, membranous, 188, 309, 277 |
|
funiculi teretis, 248 |
Lamina |
N |
gracilis, 248, 286 |
affixa, 190, 192, 274, 278 |
Neocerebellum (pontocerebellum), 279 |
habenular, 125, 159, 166, 268 |
alar and basal, 36, 119, 193, 334 |
Neopallium, 108, 110, 238 |
hypoglossal, 80, 147, 181, 248, 249 |
epithelialis, 275 |
Neostriatum, 155, 156T, 210 |
intercalatus, 181, 248, 249 |
reuniens, 334 |
Neoteny, 319 |
interpeduncular, 146, 175–177, 191, 268 |
terminalis, 77, 109, 156, 293, 320, 334 |
Nerve(s) |
interstitial, 89, 123 |
Law |
abducent, 83, 88, 165 |
isthmic, 160 |
Bell-Magendie, 258, 334 |
accessory, 88, 223 |
lentiform, 155T |
biogenetic, 108 |
cochlear, 164, 165 |
mamillary, 190, 197, 268 |
Layer(s) |
cranial, 98, 106, 123, 151, 164, 223, 224, 248, |
medial accessory olivary, 152, 153, 181, 268 |
dural limiting. See Dura |
249, 266 |
medial septal, 177, 178 |
external germinal, 239, 245, 281, 334 |
facial, 83, 98, 106, 180, 224 |
motor, 91 |