Авиационный английский язык Методические указания и контрольные задания
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ВАРИАНТ 5
1. Письменно переведите текст.
AIR NAVIGATION
Air navigation is the means by which pilots reach their destination and find their exact location at any time. All airliners have compasses and other instruments to help pilots navigate accurately; some are also equipped with electronic computers to aid in navigation. However, the most essential aid to air navigation is the aeronautical chart. There are several different kinds of aeronautical charts. Some look much alike maps: they show the location of various landmarks, airline routes, landing fields, and radio-means that broadcast air navigation signals. Another chart which is widely used shows aeronautical information for every en-route high altitude airway in a given region.
The three chief methods of air navigation over land are pilotage, dead reckoning, and radio navigation/ Moat pilots use a combination of all three of this methods. Pilotage is the simplest and most common method of air navigation. Using this method, a pilot keeps on heading by following landmarks on the ground. For a commercial pilot this system is not very practical since it cannot be used at high altitude and in all weather conditions. The second method of air navigation, dead reckoning, is a way of navigating when there are few or no visible landmarks.
Here the pilot uses an aeronautical chart, a clock, compass, and small computer (a side rule) to follow the preplanned route of flight. Dead reckoning is not always successful because changing winds prevent the plane from keeping exactly on heading. Radio navigation is used by all pilots. For this type of navigation, the pilot tunes the radio navigation equipment so as to receive a signal from a ground - stationed NAVAID (navigation aid). A needle on the equipment tells the pilot when he is flying on a direct heading to or from the station. It also shows when the aircraft drifts off heading so that its direction can be corrected.
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2. Переведите однокоренные слова, обращая внимание на
словообразующие элементы.
during - duration quick - quickly
differ - different - difference mean - means
locate - location
combine - combination - combinative select - selection
design - designer - designator
3. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.
1.What does "air navigation" mean?
2.What are the three methods of air navigation?
3.What is pilotage?
4.What pilots do have to use for the method "dead reckoning"?
4. Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения, используя встречающиеся в тексте словосочетания.
1.В процессе развития технология пилотирования существенно изменилась.
2.Существует много различных видов аэронавигационных карт.
3.Наиболее используемая система, созданная для судов гражданской авиации, называется VOR.
4.Перед тем, как все современные используемые навигационные системы были внедрены, радиокомпасный низкочастотный приемник в сочетании с не направленным маяком считался основным средством в аэронавигации.
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Подписано к печати 5. 04. 2021. Формат бумаги 60х90. Тираж 100. Уч.-изд.л.0,8. Усл.печ.л.1,0. Заказ 388 С 11
Тип. Университета ГА. 196210. С.-Петербург, ул. Пилотов, дом 38.