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Project: Trade and Entertainment Development in Bolshaya Street. Characteristics: unprecedented range of goods and foods; a unique complex of entertainment and catering; a supermarket, a fitness center, a fast food restaurant, wide aisles, escalators, elevators, original design, atrium in the recreational zone, automatic climate system, a parking lot; total area 23,000 square meters, 5 floors.

Words to use: a tenant, quality of services and goods.

Project: Interregional Center of Economic Cooperation.

Characteristics: representative offices of the Russian and foreign regions and companies; a hotel, a shopping center, a parking lot, exhibit halls; stock holders are the Khabarovsk krai government (51%) and the Khabarovsk city (49%); costs 11 mln USD.

Words to use: to work all year round; to hold exhibitions (fairs); to develop infrastructure, to render organizational (communicative, banking, transportation, consultancy, market research) services, service of interpreters; a display stand, exposition, pavilion; exhibition case; industry show, trade fair, specialized (art, national, industrial) exhibition; to arrange exhibition; exhibition area; brisk business activity, business circles; to establish trade contacts, to conclude (make, sign) a contract; to show export possibilities.

Ex. 8. Read the text and translate it from English into Russian.

Diamond Monopoly Located in the East

The Russia’s uncut diamond monopoly named a joint-stock company Diamonds of Russia – Sakha, or ALROSA for short, is the leading producer of raw diamonds in Russia. Main founders of the Company are the RF Government and the Sakha (Yakutia) Government. Both parties have 32 percent of shares.

The Company has been mining diamonds in Western Yakutia for forty years. ALROSA produces 20 percent of the world total diamond output. Today ALROSA provides 99 percent of the diamond extraction in the Russian Federation, worth more than $2 billion including cut diamonds, worth of $130,9 million.

Over 50,000 people work for the Company’s branches and affiliated enterprises.

ALROSA has its own geological survey and construction enterprises, automobile, aircraft and river transportation companies, hotel facilities, a research center, trade and sales organizations. ALROSA is composed of about 50 daughter companies,

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enterprises operating in different industries, and 8 representative offices in the RF and abroad. Though the main extracting capacities are located in Yakutia, but its activity and interests extend far beyond the Republic. According to the major economic performances, ALROSA is ranked among the ten best companies of Russia.

There are five mining and concentrating plants operating in Yakutia, a daughter enterprise in the Arkhangelskaya oblast, a refinery, a trade and exhibition center named Almazniy Dvor in Moscow, a jeweler trade company in St. Petersburg and its affiliates on cutting diamonds.

Nowadays ALROSA is involved in forming the world policy in the field of raw diamonds extraction and the cut diamond and jeweler world market.

In the Republic of Angola, the Company is intensively developing the Katoka diamond deposit and some fields in Sierra Leone and the South African Republic. In recent years ALROSA has successfully entered the foreign market of investments. Export-Import Bank of the USA and Bank of New York opened credit lines of $65 million for seven years, and a long term $50 million on pre-export financing terms subsequently. The Company attracts investments of other foreign and Russian banks as well. It proposes flexible schemes of credit return. ALROSA needs money for special projects on mining diamonds and other minerals, and latest equipment.

In May 2003, ALROSA made its first steps into the global financial market. It issued 5-year European bonds with worth of $500 million. In January 2005, the Company issued $200 million Eurobonds.

ALROSA has been selling most of its uncut diamond output to the South African De Beers, but now seems willing to become its own agent, preferring to sell its uncut diamonds directly.

Since September 2003, ALROSA has been conducting international diamond auctions in Moscow. In 2003 and 2004, three events raised $39.9 million. In addition to holding auctions in October 2004, ALROSA announced plans to create its own international sales system, and to sell its uncut diamonds within the newly approved program. According to this sales system, ALROSA is to be allowed to make independent decisions on its domestic and international sales, and envisage the

Company’s involvement in such areas as distribution, marketing and advertising.

The latest move by ALROSA has been to enter the lucrative Japanese market. It has presented a collection “Diamonds in Russian Avant-garde” at the International

Jewelry Tokyo Annual Fair. It has also held a diamond auction organized along with the Tokyo Diamond Exchange. The Company’s auctions are open to everyone willing to undergo registration and to submit a document providing legal income. The auctions

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are considered to serve as a foundation for the long-term cooperation with partners. In the future, the Russian diamond monopoly plans to enter directly the worldwide market.

Ex. 9. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1.АЛРОСА имеет благоприятные перспективы в поисковых работах.

2.Сегодня алмазодобывающая отрасль основывается на высококачественной минерально-сырьевой базе.

3.Компания обладает профессиональным менеджментом и квалифицированными рабочими и инженерными кадрами.

4.В ближайшие 40 – 50 лет Россия останется мировым лидером добычи алмазов.

5.АЛРОСА является предприятием высокой социальной ответственности.

6.По её жилищной программе 20 тысяч квадратных метров жилья вводится в эксплуатацию.

7.Для ветеранов компании, которые вышли на пенсию, построена 261 квартира в г. Орёл.

8.АЛРОСА также выплачивает дополнительные пенсии.

9.Компания уделяет большое внимание здоровью сотрудников и их семей, в распоряжении которых имеются клиники и медицинские центры.

10.АЛРОСА успешно реализует свои социальные программы. Свыше 30 миллионов долларов расходуется на социальные нужды в Якутии ежегодно.

11.Эта акционерная компания строит новые школы, спонсирует спортивные команды, предоставляет стипендии студентам из посёлков Якутии, поддерживает ветеранов, инвалидов, детские дома, театры, различные общественные организации.

12.Сегодня АЛРОСА является активным участником программы социальноэкономического развития Дальнего Востока.

Ex. 10. Find English equivalents to the following Russian word combinations.

Алмазное сырьё, филиал, необработанные (обработанные) алмазы, акционерная компания, геологоразведка, дочернее предприятие, транспортная компания, исследовательский центр, добывающие мощности, нефтеперерабатывающий

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завод, основные учредители, добыча алмазов, стоимость, входить в десятку лучших компаний, горно-обогатительный комбинат, представительство, проводить аукцион, выпустить еврооблигации, месторождение алмазов, прибыльный рынок, распределение, выпуск (производство) алмазов, на правах предэкспортного финансирования, спонсировать социальные программы, вступить (войти) в мировой рынок, собственный агент, система продаж, гибкий график.

Ex. 11. Find Russian equivalents to the following English word combinations.

To attract investments, to explore fields, flexible schemes of credit return, to cut diamonds, diamond deposit, to enter the jeweler market, to open a credit line, major economic performances, to mine diamonds, annual fair, construction enterprise, to sell directly, to make independent decisions, in addition to, total diamond output, sales system, to undergo registration, to submit a document, a long-term cooperation, legal income, to be put into operation (commission), disabled.

Ex. 12. Arrange pairs of synonyms.

An affiliate, to commission, a field, an output, every year, to mine, to maintain, lucrative, to collaborate, major, to sponsor, an enterprise, a deposit, the latest model, a performance, to produce, main, a branch, a production, to extract, to cooperate, profitable, to finance, an up-to-date pattern, an indicator, to manufacture, a company, to support, annually, to put into operation.

Ex. 13. Sum up the material of exercises 8-12, think over the questions and answer them.

1.Why is ALROSA being called a diamond monopoly of Russia?

2.What resources give rise to call it in this way?

3.Is it easier to make a business well run, if its founders are governments?

4.Where has ALROSA been mining diamonds?

5.Why did the Company start its activity from selling uncut diamonds (not cutting them)?

6.What were the reasons of ALROSA’s organizing construction, transportation and trade enterprises?

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7.How many affiliates are there within frameworks of ALROSA? Is it necessary for the Company to have these subsidiaries far beyond the Republic?

8.How can ALROSA influence the world cut diamond market?

9.What are the Company’s ways of raising finance?

10.Why do you think the famous banks give credits to ALROSA?

11.The Company issues and sells Eurobonds because it wants to increase its income, doesn’t it?

12.It is more profitable for ALROSA to sell uncut diamonds by means of the intermediary or do that directly by itself?

13.What system can make this Company operate on the world market independently?

14.How can cooperation help ALROSA enter the entire worldwide market?

15.Which prospects has ALROSA for the future extracting and processing works?

16.Why is the principle of social responsibility one of the major components of the

Company’s business?

17.What social programs are being realized by ALROSA today?

18.What are the Company’s basic factors for increasing its potential?

19.Why is ALROSA so successful?

Ex. 14. Working in groups, set up the following:

1.The conception of ALROSA (its mission, directions, methods, plans).

2.The description of ALROSA’s social work.

3.The booklet of ALROSA.

4.The letter of proposals, which ALROSA could send around the potential partners.

Ex. 15. Translate the phrases from English into Russian and match them with the appropriate headings given below.

Words to know:

Handling operations – погрузо-разгрузочные работы;

Operations – обработка; handling – переработка;

To update – обновить, усовершенствовать;

Front-end loader – фронтальный погрузчик;

Receipts – поступления;

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Transshipment complex – перегрузочный комплекс; shipment – отправка; Performance of – проведение чего-либо;

Forwarder – экспедитор; Birth – причал;

Bulk cargo – навалочный, наливной, насыпной груз; Junction – узел, станция.

Favorable Conditions for Economics and Businesses

Prospects for Social Development

Goals and Plans for Economic Development

Ways of Cooperation with the Pacific Countries

1.Effective use of natural and biological resources;

2.Creation of the international transport junction, based on the port of Vanino;

3.Additional funds receipts;

4.Construction of the coal terminal, railroad and cargo births;

5.Creation of the new jobs;

6.Organizing enterprises on processing of the sea products and wood materials;

7.Rational use of human and manufacturing potentials;

8.to render transportation, freight, forwarding and brokerage services;

9.New cargo flows;

10.Construction of the tunnels, highways, railroads and infrastructure;

11.Taxation base increase;

12.Import-export cargoes handling;

13.to have a propitious geographic position;

14.Elaboration of projects on fish breeding and afforestation;

15.to form one whole information system;

16.Shipment and operations in large volume;

17.to have a direct access to the two independent railroads – the Transsib and BAM;

18.to use innovative technologies in cargo operations;

19.to form transportation and communication corridors to the Asian-Pacific Region;

20.Cargoes handling for sale of forestry and ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy production (aluminum, iron ore, timber);

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21.to include the Vanino-Kholmsk ferry, the Vanino Sea Trading Port, the Transbunker, the Russian Railroads Companies;

22.Increase the volumes and quality of education, health, culture and social care services;

23.Coal-mining, fishing, timber, metallurgical and transport branches;

24.to provide services on performance of trade cargoes declaration, inspection, agent’s works and chartering;

25.to update maintenance base (acquisition of port mobile cranes, manipulating cranes, front-end loaders);

26.Construction of the transport and transshipment complex powered to 10 mln ton in the Muchka Bay, and to 6 mln ton in the Vanino Bay;

27.Transshipment of bulk, commercial, trade, heavy-weigh or light cargo.

Ex. 16. The above listed characteristics can be useful for you to answer the questions on the Vanino Port development.

1.Where is Vanino located?

2.What ways connect the port and the Pacific region?

3.How is Vanino connected with Siberia and the European Russia?

4.Is the port open for communication with the Northern part of our region?

5.What international complex will be based in Vanino?

6.Which companies compose this complex?

7.What projects are to be realized for the port modernization?

8.How will these projects’ realization influence the people’s life?

9.What enterprises will be established, if Vanino becomes a seaport of the worldwide significance?

10.Is Vanino an all-year-round port?

11.Why is it so necessary to build tunnels, highways and railroads going to Vanino?

12.When will the people’s prosperity be increased in Vanino?

13.Which branches will be developed due to the Vanino port modernization?

14.What parts of Russia and the world are connected with Vanino?

15.Is Vanino a prospective point for cooperation in scores of fields?

16.What other ports are there in the Khabarovsk krai?

Ex. 17. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the correct word given in the brackets.

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1.Ванино является морским портом, действующим _____ (operating; operated) круглый год.

2.Ванинский район имеет уникальное географическое положение _____

(situation; location).

3.Удобное _____ (convenient; comfortable) географическое положение – основная причина _____ (cause; reason) развития здесь международного транспортного узла.

4.Глубина _____ (depth; background) у берегов бухт Ванино и Мучка позволяет _____ (enables; enable) построить причалы и перевалочные комплексы.

5.Более пяти тысяч работников занято _____ (employ; are employed) в транспортном комплексе.

6.Паромная переправа Ванино – Холмск играет важную роль в единой

_____ (single; one-whole) транспортной системе России.

7.Потенциальными инвесторами транспортного _____ (transportation; transport) комплекса являются предприятия Республики Саха (Якутия), Москвы, Сибири и другие.

8.Увеличение налоговой базы означает получение дополнительных средств в бюджет и интенсивное развитие других _____ (other; another) сфер экономики и социального сектора.

9.Транспортный комплекс и вся инфраструктура будет отвечать _____ (will meet; will answer) самым современным техническим и экономическим требованиям.

10.В Хабаровском крае построены _____ (have built; have been built) и

действуют _____ (are working; are being worked) 5 торговых и 2 рыбных порта и 3 портпункта.

11.Ванино, Советская Гавань, Де-Кастри – среди _____ (among; between) наиболее перспективных транспортных узлов.

12.Российские добывающие и перерабатывающие предприятия заинтересованы в _____ (in; with) модернизации этих портов и строительстве объектов инфраструктуры.

13.Транспортировка грузов из АТР в Россию через (through; across) Ванино дешевле, чем доставка морским или авиационным транспортом.

14.Мы можем сказать, что Ванино – это морские (sea; marine) ворота в Азиатско-Тихоокеанский регион.

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Ex. 18. Sum up all material devoted to Vanino and explain the following statements.

1.Russia needs a corridor to Asia.

2.Vanino is a bay of unfrozen economics.

3.The big plans lead to the big future.

4.Economic development gives rise to people’s prosperity increase.

5.Hopes of the Khabarovsk krai connected with the ports of Vanino and De Kastri.

Ex. 19. Kamchatka is the next point of our discussion. Join each pair of sentences and say whether they are a defining or non-defining clause.

4.A magnificent nature, ___, acts as a d. __ which is much closer to Alaska

5.Kamchatka had been remaining e. __ the major priority of which is a

7.The total area of the peninsula, ___, g. __ that is connected with scores of

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8.Kamchatka, Chukotka and Primorye are territories, where hunting, fishing and timber industry must be prohibited.

9.As Kamchatka is an important military zone, there must be no any access for strangers to this peninsula.

10.Kamchatka needs finance to develop tourist infrastructure and promote the regional tourist products on the world market.

11.Tourists are quite reluctant to travel across Kamchatka due to severe natural and climatic conditions like snowstorms, earthquakes, fog, volcano eruptions, typhoons, tsunami and floods.

12.The Kamchatka mineral and thermal sources are bad for health, and linger the tourist infrastructure.

13.Sport fishing, photo hunting, mountain skiing, mountain climbing, birds and flower watching, snowboarding, dog sledding or as it is known like adventure and ecological tourism are not profitable for the Kamchatka region.

14.Today Kamchatka has the only leading industry, while others are rather primitive.

Ex. 21. Find an odd word in every group below and explain your selection.

1.a helicopter, a train, a plane, a ship

2.earthquakes, snow avalanches, volcano eruption, quick sands

3.promised, unique, virgin, magnificent

4.bird watching, ethnographic tours, dog-sledding, pilgrimage

5.reindeer, tiger, lynx, wolverine

6.mountains, valleys, deserts, meadows

7.platinum, silver, oil, coal

8.hydropower, gas power, thermal power, atomic power

9.fishing, reindeer farming, food industry, electronics output

10.natural parks, parking lots, reserves, state refugees

11.springs, geysers, mineral mud cures, canyons

12.to travel, to fish, to hunt, to ski

Ex. 22. Use the material of exercises 19-21 in dialogues of your own. Problems for discussion:

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1.People leave Kamchatka every year. Is it necessary to encourage our citizens to settle there or provide better life for indigenous people?

2.Travel business is being lagged by a lot of problems in the peninsula. What are they?

3.The geographic position of Kamchatka is not favorable for industrial branches development, is it?

4.28.5 per cent of the Kamchatka peninsula is some level of the protected area. It has 2 state natural reserves, 16 state refugees, 169 unique natural objects and 5 natural parks. Why is this wild life protection program of such importance in the RF? Are there other natural areas in the Far East?

Ex. 23. Translate the text from Russian into English using the words from exercises 19-22.

Камчатка – одна из богатейших территорий в мире по количеству природных и рекреационных ресурсов. Термальные и минеральные источники, вулканы и ледники, гейзеры и разнообразная флора и фауна создают большие возможности для развития экотуризма, спортивной охоты и рыболовства, горнолыжного спорта и скалолазания, морских круизов и этнографических туров. Пять заповедников Камчатки включены в программу ЮНЕСКО под общим названием «Вулканы Камчатки». Мы приглашаем всех, кто любит природу, спорт, экстремальный и приключенческий туризм, посетить этот неповторимый в своей красоте полуостров. Мы уверены, что богатства Камчатки и её жители надолго останутся в вашей памяти.

Ex. 24. The gas-and-oil project Sakhalin-2 is known to be the one, which caused an international scandal in autumn 2006. Read the text and define problems emerged in connection with this project. The material was taken from the press.

Words to know:

to suspend – приостановить, временно прекратить, отложить inflicted – причинённый

under production sharing agreements – по соглашениям о разделении производства a ghastly scene – ужасная сцена (здесь: картина, вид)

jellyfish – медуза in a row – подряд perilous – опасный