Солнцева Практический курс английского языка Ч.1 2011

2. Use the information in the box below and the vocabulary from ex. 1 to help you translate these sentences:

to doubt sth/ sb– verb сомневаться в чем-то, ком-то, быть неуверенным в; doubt noun–1) (used as uncountable) сомнение, колебание, нерешительность

– without doubt; 2) (often plural) неуверенность, неопределенность,

неясность – There are some doubts about your honesty.

a doubter noun– скептик, человек, склонный все подвергать сомнению doubtful adj – 1) (about a person) сомневающийся, нерешительный (по поводу чего-либо – about sth); 2) (about a thing) сомнительный,

вызывающий опасения, неясный, неопределенный.

doubting adj – колеблющийся, нерешительный undoubtedly = doubtlessly adv – несомненно, бесспорно

1.Не сомневайся в нем, он обещал, а значит, сделает.

2.Ее участие - необходимая составляющая моего плана.

3.Бесспорно, вы осознавали свою ответственность, когда загружали данное видео на наш сайт.

4.Но кому выгодно наше банкротство? – Оно будет выгодно Винсенту.

5.Гарри полон сомнений по поводу вашего предложения.

6.Результаты выборов пока неясны.

7.Когда мы начинали этот проект, мы не осознавали, какие трудности нас ждут.

8.Рене решил не создавать лишних проблем и отменил сомнительную сделку.

9.Я сомневаюсь в вашей непредвзятости в этом деле и требую другого адвоката.

10.Не будь таким скептиком, преимуществ у этого варианта больше, чем недостатков.

3. Work in small groups to discuss the following statements. Think of

arguments for and against each one.

1. People rely on technology too much these days and that often causes problems for them when technology fails them.

2. The pace of technological change is too fast in some countries and it doesn‘t benefit their citizens.

3. Inventors of new ideas should share them, not protect them.

4. Technology can solve all the world‘s problem, even climatic ones.

5. Technology often leads to social and environmental problems.

4. Write a short text (100-150 words) giving your opinion for or against one of the above statements.

Listening: Space Odyssey

1. Before you lisen make sure you know these words and phrases:

a) a landmark science-fiction film, to come out = to be released, to walk out (of the cinema), to make up for sth, visual effects, an alien civilization, an alian, a

61

monolith, advanced, to investigate sth, Jupiter, to get on fine with sb, to take over.

b) to be in hybernation, to detect sth, a mission, to stop sb from doing sth, to do repairs, to let sb back in, an emergency exit, original.

2. Listen to the woman talking abouther favourite film and complete the notes:

Space Odyssey was first released in (1) _____ . Some people‘s reaction was to

(2) ______ the cinema. It‘s not a typical science fiction film because there is not much (3) ______ . Two of the best things about the film are the (4) ______ . The first scene is set on Earth (5) _____ . Some ape-men find a black monolyth, a michine, sent by (6) ______ . The next part of the film is set on (7) _____ . The third part of the film is about a journey to (8) _____ . Only the intelligent computer HAL knows the (9) ______ .

3. Answer the questions:

1.How many astronauts are there on the ship? How many are in ‗hybernation‘?

2.Why do Frank and Dave talk about disconnecting HAL?

3.What does HAL do to save himself?

Reading: Amish

1. Look at this pictures of American citizens of the XXth-XXIst century. What is unusual about these people? What do you think their life is like?

2. Read these questions from a website about the Amish community in North America. Look through the text and match the questions with the answers.

1)I‘m going to Pensylvania next month and may meet some Amish. Why do people say they are so different?

2)Is there any way I can find more about them?

3)Do they ever use modern technology? If they have to go to hospital to have an operation – will they go? Or is it against the rules?

4)Why do they live in such an old-fashioned way?

62

3. Before you read again translate these vocabulary units from the text:

4.Discuss your attitude to the Amish‟s lifestyle with a partner.

5.What ideas and things do the Amish reject or value? Why?

6.What are the antonyms to these words:

appropriate, convenient, efficient, equality, like, likely, trust

7.Try to think of or use a dictionary to find adjectives or nouns beginning with in, dis-, mis-, and un- ( 5 examples of each prefix).

8.Complete the following text using the opposites of the words in the box:

able, accurate, effective, efficient, equality, management, necessary, sensitive

Various problems have been found in the US health service in a recent report. It stated that US citizens spend around $300 billion on (1) ineffective, inappropriate and (2) _____treatments. It suggested that the failure to use information technology properly was due to (3) _____administration, poor

63

coordination and (4) _____. It is (5) _____to say the expertise in health information technology is not there. The US health care system leads the world in innovation. However, the system has been accused of (6) _____, with some people (7) _____to afford private health care insurance. Patient feedback, however, is more concerned with over-long waiting times, customer service and

(8) _____staff.

Reading for Information: The Amish In Northern Indiana

1. Try to predict answers to these questions, then read the text and see if you were right:

1)How old is the Amish community? Where is it situated?

2)On which continent did the first followers of the Amish lifestyle appear?

3)Why did they separate from the Mennonite religious community?

4)How many Amish are there in the world?

5)What is the most prominent and remarkable trait of their lifestyle?

6)How is their separation from progress and modern life expressed in their dress? Work? Travel? Education? Family life?

7)What do they do for a living? What do women do?

8)What are the Amish relations with politics and the government? (insurance, pension, social security)

9)What is the Amish attitude to big cities? Do any of them live in cities?

10)Do the Amish know nothing of the world outside their community?

11)Is it possible to tell a rich Amish from a non-rich one by their possessions?

The Amish broke away from the Mennonites nearly 300 years ago when differences arose among Anabaptist leaders in Switzerland and Alsace. They wanted a stricter lifestyle called the Streng Meidung, or shunning, which includes the social avoidance of erring church members. Tensions ran high and eventually in 1693 a complete split occurred. Forty years later, many Amish took William Perm's invitation to come to America and settle there. No Amish now remain in Europe. Currently there are approximately 145,000 Amish men, women and children living in 22 states in the United States and in Ontario, Canada. There are 220 Amish settlements accommodating over 900 geographically determined church districts.

Persistence of tradition and slowness to modernize have always characterized the Amish. They have steadily tried to lead their own separate life which is a culture apart from the world. Even at the dawn of the 21st century, Amish are characterized as humble folk – hard-working, neighborly, otherworldly, agrarian, God-fearing, ethnically homogeneous – who live the simple life and live it well.

The following general characteristics can describe the main principles of Amish life: 1. Separatism. Otherworldliness, non-conformity based on Biblical

64

teachings in Romans 12:1-2 and II Cor. 6:14. This pervades the entire lifestyle of the Amish (dress, language, work, travel and education).

2.Simple Life. Simplicity and humility are stressed in Amish community. Education and training are limited to elementary levels. Amish warn of the "pagan" philosophy and the intellectual enterprise of "Men man." Historically, they avoid all training associated with self exaltation, pride of position, enjoyment of power and the art of war and violence. Nevertheless, many Amish are very rich, because the Amish-style furniture which they produce is very much acclaimed in the outer world. But you will never be able to tell a rich Amish from an Amish with medium income by the way they dress, look or style their house.

3.Family Life. Amish marry Amish. No intermarriage is allowed. If a

young Amish doesn‘t marry in his/her early twenties the community arranges a marriage, searching eligible partners. So bachelors and bachelorettes are rare (although the politically correct word ―bachelorette‖ is not used by the Amish –

they stick to the traditional term ―old maid‖). Divorce is not permitted and separation is very rare. They are strictly monogamous and generally patriarchal. The average family size is 7-8 children. Homosexuality is not recognized as an acceptable lifestyle.

4. Harmony with the Soil and Nature. Manual labor is good (Amish have little regard for labor-saving devices). Hard work and thriftiness are virtues. Amish believe that God is pleased when people work in harmony with nature, the soil, the weather and care of animals and plants. Amish always live in rural community. By contrast, the city is seen as a center of leisure, non-productive spending, and often as the stage for evil and wickedness. Still, at the age of 18 any Amish is allowed to leave the community for 1 year and see the world, live in a city or travel. They are free not to return as well, but they most often do, because individualism is not in their nature.

5.Mutual Assistance. Amish do not survive outside of community. There is much neighboring in the community, and helping each other is the most common way of socializing. They carry no life or property insurance; the church assists in cases of major loss. Large families generally give assurance of care for the elderly. Retired Amish farmers do not receive Social Security.

6.Disciplined Church Community. Discipline in the Amish community can be sometimes harsh and uncompromising. Baptized members are morally committed to church rules. Erring members are generally excommunicated and

shunned until there is forgiveness and restoration to full fellowship.

Essay by Samuel L. Yoder, Ed.D, adapted and amplified.

Reading and Speaking: Science Fiction: Transport for the Future

1.Read the text quickly, match the words below to the correct gap in the tex: solar sail, teleportation, flying cars, slidewalk

65

3. Read the text and discuss the following questions in pairs:

66

-Which of the following methods of transportation is most likely to be used in future?

-Which is least likely to be used? Why?

Language Spot: Linkers

1. Use the conjunctions but, although and however to join these two

sentences.

She's rich and famous. She's unhappy.

2. Conjunctions can join sentences to express contrast, reason and result, time, and condition. In each group complete the sentences with

suitable conjunctions.

a) Contrast: however, although, despite, even though

1. ________I can't speak much Spanish, I can understand a lot.

2. I can't speak Spanish well._______, I can understand most things. 3. He can't speak Spanish well, ________he lives in Spain.

4. ________living in Spain, he can't speak Spanish.

b) Reason and Result: such.. that, so, as, since, because, so … that

1.I didn't sleep well last night, ________I'm tired.

2.I'm tired ________I didn't sleep well last night.

3.I wanted to go, but ________it was late, I decided not to.

4.________John can't be here today, I've been asked to chair die

meeting.

5.He always looks _______ innocent _______he gets away with murder.

6.He's ________a terrible liar ________no one believes him.

c) Time: when (ever), while, as (soon as), until, after, since:

1. I called you ________ I could.

2. He refused to talk to the police ________ his lawyer arrived. 3. I feel sad ________ I hear that song.

4. They were burgled ________ they were away on holiday. 5. I've known her ________ I was a small child.

6. I‘ll help you with this exercise________ I've had dinner. d) Condition: if, as long as, unless, in case:

1.________I'm going to be late, I'll call you.

2.You won't pass ________ you work harder.

3.Take an umbrella ________ it rains.

4.You can borrow my car ________ you drive carefully.

67

Reading and Speaking: A Wind Farm

1a. Before you read do the matching exercise to help you understand the text:

68

место, охватывать период времени

m)выделять углекислый газ

n)энергетический ресурс

2a. Before you listen make sure you know these words and word

combinations:

to be in favour of sth, to cancel sth (≠ to conceal), cost-effective, to think longterm, eventually, to stop rumours, an approval, public approval (uncountable), to get out of hand, local support (uncountable), to sort out a venue, violent.

Speaking: Stress Caused by Mobile Phones

1.Look at the pictures. What kind of problem do you think the girl has?

2.Put the dialogue between Marina and her friend Jane in the best order.

No. I'm fine. I've just been watching a sad film, that's all.

Who? Oh, him. No. I haven't thought about him all day, actually. Marina, your phone ... it's ringing. Aren't you going to answer it? No, it's not true. I've been trying to get through to him all day.

Oh, I see. Tell me, have you heard anything from Andrew today?

No. I've left about ten messages on his voice mail. Oh, why doesn't he phone?

Oh, really? So you've forgotten about him already, have you?

Hi, Marina ... what's the matter? You've been crying again, haven't you? Haven't you managed to speak to him, then?

69

Reading and Talking

1. This poem includes many words that contrast with each other. Underline the contrasting words in each line. What is a paradox? How do the contrasts show a paradox? What is "the paradox of our times"?

The Paradox of Our Times

by Jeff Dickson

The paradox of our time in history is that we have taller buildings, but shorter tempers; wider freeways, but narrower viewpoints. We spend more, but have less;

we buy more, but enjoy it less.

We have bigger houses and smaller families; more conveniences, but less time.

We have more degrees, but less sense; more knowledge, but less judgment; more experts, but more problems; more medicine, but less wellness.

We drink too much, smoke too much, spend too recklessly, laugh too little, drive too fast, get too angry too quickly, stay up too late, get up too tired,

read too seldom, watch TV too much, and pray too seldom.

We have multiplied our possessions, but reduced our values. We talk too much, love too seldom, and hate too often. We've learned how to make a living, but not a life;

we've added years to life, not life to years. We've been all the way to the moon and back,

but have trouble crossing the street to meet a new neighbor.

2.Does the poem express the way you feel sometimes? Explain your answer.

3.Select one or two lines that seem most interesting to you. Read them aloud.

Discuss with the group what they mean and whether you agree with them.

4.The poet effectively uses comparisons of unlike things for emphasis. What else makes the poem effective?

70