Солнцева Практический курс английского языка Ч.1 2011

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4.Translate into English:

1.Не бросайся деньгами! Цены могут взлететь в любую минуту.

2.У него стабильный доход и хорошая зарплата. Он может скопить немного денег, но никогда по-настоящему не разбогатеет.

3.Сколько?! 300 долларов? Какая абсурдная цена! Эта сумка не стоит и 100!

4.В этой стране не хватает квалифицированных врачей.

Grammar Revision: Determiners and Quantifiers

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Listening: Business Expressions and Numbers

Listening and Grammar: Winning the Lottery

1. You are going to listen to 5 people speaking about what they would do if they won 5 million pounds in the lottery. The pictures below represent these

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people, but not all of them are correctly numbered. Listen and give the pictures their correct numbers.

2.Now listen again and memorise what each of them would do.

3.What would you do if you won 5 million pounds? Use the second conditional, wish and alternatives to if.

Reading: Taking the credit

1. Before you read the following text, make sure you understand what the following expressions mean:

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Listening: The Money Jigsaw

Before you listen, make sure you know the following words and expressions: to blow in the wind, out of the ordinal, to rip up, to be jammed full of sth, fiver, tenner, the Royal Bank of England, Scotland Yard, to put sth together, to die down, to picture sb doing sth, sellotape, to reckon, to stick to sth

4. Imagine you were in this situation. What would you do?

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5. Have you ever found money? How much? What did you do with it?

Listening: Making a Complaint

1. Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions:

a.What does the man want to exchange? What‘s wrong?

b.Has he got any proof that he bought the radio in that shop? What is it?

c.What does he want the staff of the shop to do?

d.What does the problem turn out to be?

2. Listen again for the following words and expressions: чек (квитанция),

доказательство покупки, корешок банковского чека, хорошая марка (фирма), питающая сеть.

3.Discuss the following: If you buy faulty goods, do you complain? To whom? Is it any use?

4.Read the letter of complaint. What are the rules of writing formal letters?

97 Cuckoo Lane,

Tunbridge Wells,

Kent

22nd May. 2009

Customer Service Dept.,

Dicken‘s Elecirical Ltd.,

Harlow,

Essex

Dear Sir or Madam,

Last week I bought a pocket calculator at your branch in Cheltenham. It seemed to work in the shop. When I got home, I found that it was faulty. It adds and subtracts perfectly well, but it does not divide or multiply. I took it back to your branch at Tunbridge Wells, but they refused to exchange it, saying that I would have to return it to the branch where I bought it. This is impossible because I do not live in Cheltenham. Please find enclosed the calculator, together with the receipt, showing price and date of purchase, and the manufacturer's guarantee.

Yours faithfully,

C R S Sketchley

Reading and Speaking: Gold

1. Read the text and find equivalents to the following words:

Introduction: магическое вещество, злой дух, человечество, искать золото, золотая лихорадка, Средневековье, цельный блок;

Industrial uses: нетускнеющий, легко поддающийся обработке, неразрушимый, отражающий (свет, звук), проводящий, тройская унция, проволока, песчинка, реактивный двигатель, покрытие, ветровое стекло, самолѐт, обледенение, космический корабль, тонкий слой, товары народного потребления, смешивать, фарфор, кровельная черепица, недомогание, лечить рак, стоматология;

Decorative purposes: с незапамятных времен, жаждать, важнейший атрибут высокого положения в обществе, чистое золото, ожерелье, кулон, браслет на предплечье, браслет на ногу, запонки, булавка для галстука, оправа для очков, зажигалка, хлопья, съедать = поглощать, ставить пробы, предмет, пробирное клеймо, якорь;

Financial uses: выпускать монеты, залежи золота, прииск, слиток, ювелирные изделия;

Gold production: годовая выработка, золотоносная порода, взвешенный, разрабатывать.

Introduction

Gold (Au) is a metallic chemical element. Atomic number 79. Atomic weight 197.2.

Since civilization began gold has been regarded as a symbol of power and wealth. In many societies gold was seen as a magic substance which could protect people against illness or evil spirits. It is the one material that has always been accepted in exchange for goods or services. Mankind never seems to have enough gold and the search for it has driven men mad. The need to search for gold has been compared to a disease, and is called 'gold fever'. In the Middle Ages men called 'alchemists' tried to manufacture gold from other metals. In spite

of man's constant search for gold, the amount which has been produced since the beginning of time is only enough to make a solid block of eighteen cubic metres, the size of a large house.

Industrial uses

Because gold is untarnishable, workable, almost indestructible, durable,

reflective and conductive, it has a number of industrial uses. About 10% of the annual production is used for industrial processes.

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Gold is measured in troy ounces (31.1 grams). One ounce can be drawn into 80 kilometres of wire.

A single grain (0.065 grams) can be beaten down to make a sheet which would cover this page.

Between 20 and 30 ounces are needed for every jet engine.

Gold coatings, 0.000024 mm thick, are used to reflect heat from jet engine exhausts.

The windscreens of Concorde, other high speed aircraft, and some express trains have a gold electric heating element, 0.000005 mm thick, which is used to

prevent icing.

Spacecraft are protected against radiation by a thin layer of the metal.

As it conducts electricity well and does not tarnish, gold is used extensively

in computers and electric consumer goods.

For many years it has been blended with oils and applied as decoration to china and glass.

Because it is so reflective, it is employed in the manufacture of some roof tiles and glass.

Gold has always been prescribed for various ailments, and is used today to treat cancer and arthritis. It is used extensively in dentistry.

Decorative purposes

Because gold is valuable, bright, rare, attractive, durable and

untarnishable it has always been used for decorative purposes.

Gold works of art were created by many of the great civilizations of the past, and may be seen in museums all over the world.

Since time immemorial gold has been coveted and desired. Until recent years it was worn only by the very rich and was considered the ultimate status symbol.

Gold jewellery is made to four standards, 22, 18, 14 and 9 carats. 18 carat gold is 18 parts gold out of 24, which is pure gold. That is, 18 carats is 75% pure gold. 24 carat gold is too soft for most purposes.

Gold jewellery includes rings, earrings, necklaces, bracelets, chains, pendants, armlets, anklets, medals, cuff-links, tie-pins, spectacle-frames and watches. It is also used to decorate pens, lighters, glasses, and books.

In traditional Indian cooking, gold flakes are used to decorate food and are consumed.

In Britain, gold is hallmarked, using a system which dates back to the twelfth century. There are five marks on gold which has been tested for quality in Britain.

The manufacturer's name is shown by a mark like this.

The crown shows that the article is gold, and has been hallmarked in the UK.

This shows the gold content. ‗375‘ is 9 carats (i.e. 37.5% pure gold).

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The assay mark shows where it was tested. A leopard for London, an anchor for Birmingham, a rose for Sheffield, and a castle for Edinburgh.

A different letter is used for each year, ‗J‘ was 1980.

Financial uses

The first gold coin was issued by King Croesus of Lydia in the sixth century BC. Today gold still plays an important part in the international monetary system.

About thirty years' production of gold is being held by central banks and monetary authorities, in spite of efforts to reduce its importance.

New deposits of gold are being found, and old mines are being reopened and it is likely that gold will always be valued as protection against inflation.

Gold can be bought by private investors in the forms of bars, coins and medals, as well as jewellery.

Gold production

Gold is found on all five continents, but 85% of the annual output of gold is produced by four countries:

In South Africa about three tonnes of gold-bearing rock have to be mined to produce each ounce of gold. Billions of tonnes of gold are suspended in the seas, but this gold is impossible to exploit at the moment.

2.Answer the following questions.

1.What is gold?

2.How long have people valued gold?

3.How much gold has been produced so far?

4.Why is it widely used for industrial purposes? What industrial uses does it have?

5.Why is it widely used for decorative purposes? What objects can be made of it?

6.How is gold hallmarked in England?

7.Who issued the first gold coins? When was it?

8.Why is gold likely to be valued forever?

9.In what forms can gold be bought by private investors?

10.Where is gold to be found?

11.Which countries are the main producers of gold?

12.What does it take to produce an ounce of gold in South Africa? 13.Why can‘t billions of tonnes of gold be exploited at the moment?

3.Translate the italicized sentences into literary Russian.

4.Write a short summary of the text (10-12 sentences). Don‟t forget to follow the rules of summary writing!

5.Translate into English:

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