2.10.1\ Scanning Method

The subject takes a supine position and stretches the lower limb out. The probe is placed on or below the inguinal region to longitudinal scan the common femoral artery, superficial femoral artery, and deep femoral artery.

2.10.2\ Sectional Structure

The length of the long axis section of common femoral artery, superficial femoral artery, and deep femoral artery are shown. The upper segment of the superficial femoral artery is more superficial. The middle and inferior segment of the superficial femoral artery runs along the anterior-­internal femoral, comes into the adduc-

tor canal, and then becomes the popliteal artery in popliteal space.

2.10.3\ Measurement Methods

The intima-media thickness, inner diameter, and blood flow spectrum of the common femoral artery, superficial femoral artery, and deep femoral artery are measured.

2.10.4\ Clinical Significance

This section can be used to judge whether there is arteriosclerosis obliterans, arterial embolism, thrombosis, arterial aneurysm, or arteriovenous fistula in the common femoral artery, superficial femoral artery, and deep femoral artery.

2.11.1\ Scanning Method

The subject takes a supine position, abducts and extorts the thigh, and bends the knee joint slightly. The probe is placed below the inguinal ligament and scans from the common femoral artery crotch downward along the superficial femoral artery.

2.11.2\ Sectional Structure

Transverse sections of the superficial femoral artery and deep femoral artery are shown as a ring shape with pulsation, accompanied with femoral veins. The lumens do not easily become flat when pressed. The location of the superficial femoral artery is superficial.

2.11.3\ Measurement Methods

The intima-media thickness, inner diameter, and blood flow spectrums of the superficial femoral artery and deep femoral artery measured.

2.11.4\ Clinical Significance

This section can be used to judge whether there are arteriosclerosis obliterans, arterial embolism, thrombosis, arterial aneurysm, and arteriovenous fistula in the common femoral artery, superficial femoral artery, and deep femoral artery.

Fig. 7.26  Longitudinal section of the popliteal artery

The subject takes a prone position and raises the ankle joint in order to promote venous return. The probe is placed vertically in the popliteal fossa and shows the longitudinal section of the popliteal artery.

2.12.1\ Sectional Structure

Length cutting shows the long axial section of the popliteal artery lumen, and crosscutting shows that the popliteal artery is round with pulsation. The lumen does not easily become flat when pressed, and the popliteal artery is located deep in the popliteal vein.

2.12.2\ Measurement Methods

The intima-media thickness, inner diameter, and blood flow spectrum of the popliteal artery are measured.

2.12.3\ Clinical Significance

This section can be used to judge whether there is arteriosclerosis obliterans, arterial embolism, thrombosis, arterial aneurysm, or arteriovenous fistula in the popliteal artery, to show the anatomical position of the popliteal artery, and to diagnose popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.

Fig. 7.27  Transverse section of the popliteal artery

The subject takes a prone position and raises the ankle joint in order to promote venous return. The probe is placed on the popliteal fossa. After showing the longitudinal section of the popliteal artery, the probe is rotated vertically to the long axial of the popliteal artery.

2.13.1\ Sectional Structure

The transverse section of the popliteal artery is shown as a ring echogenicity with pulsation. The lumen does not easily become flat when pressed. The popliteal artery is located deep in the popliteal vein.

2.13.2\ Measurement Methods

The intima-media thickness, inner diameter, and blood flow spectrum of popliteal artery are measured.

2.13.3\ Clinical Significance

This plane can be used to judge whether there is arteriosclerosis obliterans, arterial embolism, thrombosis, arterial aneurysm, or arteriovenous fistula in the popliteal artery, to show the anatomical position of the popliteal artery, and to diagnose popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.