3. Терміни з префіксом co-

Префікс со- має такі значення: 1) спільності, поєднаності: co-author -співавтор, co-host - разом влаштовувати (приймати), to co-edit - бути спів­редактором, to co-discover - відкрити разом (з кимсь), co-dependent - спі-вутриманець; 2) подібності, співрозмірності: co-equal - рівний {зазначеним), coterminous - однойменний.

В українській мові є префіксальні відповідники префікса со-, напри­клад, префікс спів-, але англійські терміни з со- не завжди перекладаються на українську мову словами з префіксом спів-. Можна зазначити такі ос­новні способи перекладу англійських термінів з со-:

1. словами з префіксом спів-: co-founder - співзасновник, co-owner -співвласник, coterminous- співставний, co-director- співдиректор;

2. словами з префіксом ко-: co-axial - коаксіальний, to co-opt - кооп­тувати;

3. словосполученнями, що включають слово разом або подібні до нього: co-recipient - той, хто отримав (щось) разом з кимсь, to co-invent винайти разом з кимсь;

4. сполученням слова "один з" з перекладом основи: co-wife - одна з дружин, co-winner- один з тих, хто отримав нагороду.

5. складним словом, до складу якого входить слово "спільний" або подібні слова: co-education- спільне навчання (людей різної статі).

Завдання Перекладіть речення, попередньо визначивши адекват­ний спосіб перекладу англійських термінів з префіксом со-:

1. His Nobel co-recipients were Wolfgang Pauli (for his work in the same area) and Norman F. Ramsey. 2. He was succeeded by his daughter Amalasunt-ha, who was murdered in 535 by her husband and co-ruler. 3. The German phy­sicist Gerd Binnig, bora July 20,1947, is the co-inventor, with Heinrich Rohrer, of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). 4. Carl Bosch, born Aug. 27,1874, d. Apr. 26, 1940, was the co-winner (with Friedrich Bergius) of the 1931 Nobel Prize for chemistry for his research in high-pressure synthesis. 5. Contrarotating propellers (contraprops) have two sets of blades that turn in opposite directions on the same axis. They may be driven by the same engine or by two different engines; in the latter case, the term co-axial propellers is often used. 6. In the

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1960s the Soviet Union developed two unique space weapons systems, the "kil­ler satellite" and the "fractional orbit bombardment system" (FOBS). The for­mer program involved two dozen tests of a co-orbiting spacecraft (first flown under the cover name Polyot) that closes in on a target and fires a burst of shrap­nel at it. 7. Bruner taught from 1945 to 1972 at Harvard University, where he was a founder (1961) and co-director of the Center for Cognitive Studies. 8. If a man marries two living sisters, usually because he was taught to believe that sisters can get along as co-wives better than unrelated women, that, too, may be called sororate. 9. He earned a law doctorate from the University of Amsterdam in 1860 and taught law there from 1862 to 1893. In 1869 he was a co-founder of the Journal of International Law and Comparative Legislation. 10. Many of Bin-ford's ideas have been incorporated in the theory and methodology of modern archaeology and can be found in the book he co-edited, New Perspectives in Archaeology (1968). 11. He discovered that the superiority of grand masters is apparent in their initial perception of chess positions, a finding developed by others (notably, by Herbert Simon and his co-workers). 12. The philosopher-mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, the co-discoverer (with IsaaG Newton) of calculus, theorized about constructing an ideal mathematical langu­age in which to state, and mathematically solve, all philosophical problems. 13. Deep-Sea Deposits (1991), a volume in the Challenger report that Murray co-wrote with Alphonse Renard, was the first treatment of the subject for the entire ocean. 14. The burglars and two co-plotters - G. Gordon Liddy and E. Howard Hunt - were indicted (September 1972) on charges of burglary, conspi­racy, and wiretapping. 15. The bishop and the French president (known as the "co-princes") still function jointly as heads of state, but with strictly limited po­wers. 16. In 1840 Dana became co-editor of the American Journal of Science.. 17. Gates co-founded Microsoft in 1975 with Paul Allen, his partner in computer language development from 1967. 18. Schawlow, Arthur Leonard (1921-) is an American physicist, co-inventor of the laser. 19. Shockley, William Bradford (1910-1989) is an American physicist, Nobel laureate, and co-inventor of the transistor. 20. Banting, Sir Frederick Grant (1891-1941) was a Canadian doctor, physiologist, and Nobel laureate, who co-discovered the pancreatic hormone in­sulin, used in treating diabetes. 21. For his work in the field of nutrition, Eijkman was a co-winner of the 1929 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. 22. In 1984 Kuhler became a co-director of the Max Planck Institute for Immunology in Freiburg. 23. In 1828 Champollion and the Italian archaeologist Ippolito Ro-sellini co-directed a scientific expedition to Egypt. 24. In 1916, in Zurich, Arp became a co-founder of Dada with Hugo Ball, Richard Huelsenbeck, Marcel Janco, and Tristan Tzara. 25. Some believe that the development of language may in fact have been coterminous with that of the species itself. 26. The city (coterminous with the county of Greater London) covers 1,580 sq km (610 sq mi) and has a population of 6,378,600 (1991). 27. Philadelphia County and the city are coextensive and cover an area of 334 sq km (129 sq mi). 28. Concubina­ge is the state of cohabitation of a man and a woman in which they live as if they

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are married persons although they are not legally married. 29. For the short time that they coexist before annihilation, positrons and electrons sometimes combi­ne to form a simple type of atom known as positronium.