ulianova_ov_grichin_sv_i_dr_general_english

•Какой член предложения выполняет действие?

•В какой форме стоит глагол-сказуемое?

1.6Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.

1.How many universities and institutes of higher education are there in Great Britain?

2.Which is the biggest modern English university?

3.What faculties & departments does a university have?

4.What is a college?

5.What degrees do university graduates get?

6.What is the admission to universities based on?

7.What is a grant given for?

8.Do wealthy parents pay for their children's education?

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HIGHER EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN

There are forty-seven universities in Britain and thirty polytechnics, 350 colleges and institutes of higher education (some of which train teachers). All English universities except Oxford and Cambridge are fairly new. London University is the biggest of the modern English universities and is made up of a great variety of colleges and other institutions including medical schools.

A university usually has both faculties and departments. The most common faculties are art, law, medicine, science and theology. The departments include engineering, economics, commerce, agriculture, music and technology.

Many British universities can be classified as collegiate universities. There university functions are divided between the central administration of the university and a number of constituent colleges.

Colleges do not have degree-awarding power. Degrees are always awarded by universities, colleges are institutions or organisations which prepare students for the degree. In some cases, colleges prepare students for the degree of a university of which the college is a part and in some cases colleges are independent institutions which prepare students to sit as external candidates at other universities. There are many types of colleges within universities. There are teachers' training colleges. There are also technical colleges of various types, colleges of Arts and commerce.

After taking examinations a university graduate is awarded the degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine, etc. There are various postgraduate degrees, including Master of Philosophy and Doctor of Philosophy, the last two being awarded for research in Arts or Sciences.

Each faculty or college is headed by one or more professors, who are helped by a staff of teachers called lecturers. Professors & lecturers spend some of their time giving lectures to large numbers of students or training much smaller groups, and there the students have a chance to debate and discuss. All universities admit men and women, but within some universities there are some male and female colleges. The proportion of men is rather more than 75 per cent. Most of the universities provide hostels for their students.

Universities admit students mainly on the basis of their "A" level results, although they may interview them as well. At present, students who have been admitted by universities or other institutions of higher

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education receive a grant from their local authority, which covers the cost of the course, and may cover living expenses, books and travel, although parents with higher incomes are expected to make a contribution. Until 1990 the grant did not have to be paid back, but now a system of loans has been introduced.

1.7Найдите в тексте все предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите их на русский язык.

1.8Найдите в тексте соответствия.

1)Довольно новые; состоит из большого разнообразия; другие заведения; 2) наиболее часто встречающиеся факультеты; выпускнику присваивается степень; различные ученые степени; эти две присуждаются за; 3) имеют возможность спорить и обсуждать; есть колледжи для мужчин и женщин; 4) студенты, принятые в вуз; денежное пособие от местных властей; может покрыть затраты на проживание; состоятельные родители; вносить средства (делать пожертвования); введена система займов; 5) принимают студентов; на основе результатов уровня «А»; могут также проводить собеседование; дают профессиональную подготовку; список преподаваемых предметов шире; углубленный курс; передовая технология; диплом соответствует степени.

1.9Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.

1.Студенты поступают в аспирантуру после окончания университета.

2.Лондонский университет состоит из разнообразных колледжей.

3.Наш университет не готовит учителей.

4.После окончания университета нашим студентам выдают (give) диплом.

5.Коллектив преподавателей кафедры экономики довольно молодой.

6.Каждый студент хочет получить грант, чтобы покрыть все расходы на учебу.

7.Мои родители взяли ссуду, чтобы покрыть расходы на мое образование.

8.Наш университет предоставляет студентам общежитие.

9.Нам преподают курс передовой технологии машиностроения

(machine construction /engineering).

10.Студенты могут спорить и обсуждать на занятиях по общественным наукам (classes of social science/humanities).

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1.10 Сравните системы высшего образования в Британии и в России и заполните таблицу.

educational institutions

university structure

admission

tuition fees and grants

graduation results

1.11 Используйте таблицу 1.6 в качестве плана и расскажите о системе университетского образования в Великобритании и в России.

1.12 Вам предстоит прослушать аудио запись устного опроса на уроке истории HISTORY QUIZ. Перед прослушиванием закончите следующие предложения, основываясь на ваших знаниях истории. затем прослушайте и

проверьте ваши ответы.

1.America was discovered by _____ . a) Christopher Columbus in 1492.

b) Louis Lumiere in 1492.

2.The telephone was invented by _____ . a) Samuel Colt in 1786.

b) Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

3.The Mona Lisa was painted by _____ . а) Paul Gaugin in 1698.

b) Leonardo da Vinci in 1506.

4.The Parthenon was built by _____ .

a)the ancient Greeks in the 5th century BC.

b)the ancient Egyptians in the 3rd century BC. 5. Romeo and Juliet was written by _____ .

a)William Wordsworth in 1695.

b)William Shakespeare in 1595.

6. The Blue Danube was composed by _____ .

a)Richard Strauss in 1876.

b)Johann Strauss in 1867.

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1.13 В парах задайте вопросы в страдательном залоге и ответьте на них по образцу.

SA: Who was America discovered by?

SB: It was discovered by Christopher Columbus.

SA: When was it discovered?

SB: It was discovered in 1492.

1.14Вам предстоит прочитать текст BRITISH UNIVERSITIES. Перед чтением проверьте знаете ли вы следующие слова и выражения.

civic – гражданский, residential – жилой, respect – отношение, tutorial system – наставничество (университетская система обучения путем прикрепления студентов к отдельным консультантам); don – преподаватель (в Оксфорде и Кембридже), to arrange – организовывать, conduct – руководство, to attend – посещать, compulsory – обязательный, admission – прием (студентов), keen – трудный, to provide – предоставлять, top – находящийся на самой вершине; afford – позволять себе, осилить; collegiate – объединяющий ряд колледжей, campus – территория университета, that is to say – то есть, specified – определенный, G.C.E. – General Certificate of Education - аттестат, scholarships – стипендия, LEA – Local Education Authority - управление образованием , Fund –

фонд, to obtain – получать.

1.15Выберите единственный эквивалент русского слова.

Похожий – same, similar, slight, serious; Черта – feather, favor, flavor, feature;

Внимание – attention, attraction, admission, addition; Наставник – dean, doctor, don, dreamer;

Степень – degree, decrease, demand, depend;

Предоставлять –to consider, to suppose, to provide, to figurate; Прием – arrival, occasion, origin, admission;

Уровень – level, lesson, leather, light.

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1.16 Соотнесите английские фразы с их русскими эквивалентами.

1.17 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски словами из нижеследующего списка, подходящими по смыслу.

BRITISH UNIVERSITIES

British universities can be divided into 3 main groups:

The old universities: Oxford and Cambridge (or Oxbridge). Civic universities (or "Redbrick").

The new universities (founded after 1960).

Oxford is the oldest English university. Like Cambridge it is organized on the basis of some 20 1______________ independent colleges. The two universities are similar in most respects and differ from other universities in Britain. The 2______________ system is a traditional feature of the colleges of Oxbridge. Every undergraduate receives individual attention from a tutor. Each college has about 20-30 tutors ("dons"). The university may be called a «federation» of colleges. It 3_______________ courses and lectures, conducts examinations and awards degrees. Most dons give one or two lectures a week, which

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students from any college may 4_____________. No lectures are 5___________________ and tutors usually advise their students which lectures they should attend.

6__________________ to Oxford and Cambridge are controlled by the colleges.

A college has about 10 candidates for every place, so that competition is very 7_______________. Oxford and Cambridge take a special place among the universities. It is much more expensive to study there, but they clearly 8_______________ an education for the top people.

Redbrick universities were founded in the large industrial towns and are used to educate those, who couldn't 9________________ to study away from home. Most of these universities are non-residential and nearly all are non-collegiate.

The new universities are planned on the "10______________" system, that is to say, students live in halls of residence, grouped round the main building. Each university can 11____________ each year a specified number of students for each course. The admission depends on school teachers' reports, good G.C.E. "A" levels, sometimes on written & oral tests, there may also be an interview. Some students receive 12____________________ or grants from either LEAs or from university funds.

Degree titles vary according to the practice of each university; most common titles are: Bachelor of Arts (BA) or Bachelor of Science (BSc), Master of Arts/Science (Ma or MSc), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD).

About 15 per cent of British university students leave university without 13_________________ a degree.

1.18Найдите в тексте соответствия.

1)независимые колледжи с проживанием; похожи во многих отношениях; нет обязательных лекций; прием контролируется колледжами; конкуренция очень сильная; занимают особое место; гораздо дороже; правящий класс (вершина общества); 2) позволить себе учиться далеко от дома; без проживания; 3) жилые помещения; определенное количество; поступление зависит от; получают стипендии или гранты;

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2.4Прослушайте рассказ и заполните таблицу.

2.5 Послушайте рассказ еще раз и закончите предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали содержанию рассказа.

1.The first schools in America started in___________.

2.The Puritans are people who left England because of_____________.

3.So they organized schools to teach ___________________.

4.The problem of children’s education started _____________in America.

5.There were three groups of people who_____________.

6.As most Americans lived on farms there was always much

____________.

7.America’s Industrial Revolution had begun, and this group knew that there would be_____________.

8.Each state should develop a system of public schools, called_________, or _________.

9.This idea was supported by Thomas Jefferson, _________and later by Abraham Lincoln who said that education____________.

10.In 1839 Horac Mann, a Massachusetts-born educator, a lawyer by profession, opened the first _____________.

11.The free school supporters had____________.

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2.6Разделитесь на три группы в соответствии с вашим мнением по обсуждаемому вопросу. Каждая группа должна предоставить через некоторое время обоснование своей точки зрения, т.е. в нескольких предложениях объяснить членам других групп и учителю, почему вы придерживаетесь именно этой позиции. После выступления каждой группы остальные участники дискуссии могут задавать вопросы.

2.7Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующее высказывание об образовании. Согласны ли вы с этими словами? Справедливы ли они для России?

“Americans regard education as the means by which the inequalities among individuals are to be erased and by which every desirable end is to be achieved”

George S. Counts

2.8 Прочитайте краткую информацию об американском образовании и дайте русские эквиваленты выделенных слов.

Education in the United States comprises three levels: elementary, secondary and higher education. There are two types of educational institutions - private and state. State institutions are called public schools, they are open to all classes and financed by taxes collected from all citizens. Americans view their public school system as an educational ladder, rising from secondary school to university programs.

Though there is no separate educational system for the wealthy, there have always been private schools. Private high schools are sometimes called prep schools, that is, preparatory schools, meaning preparation for college.

2.9 Вам предстоит узнать некоторые подробности об американской образовательной системе. Вы прочитаете о следующем:

Basic subjects, grades, exams IQ test

After high school

Перед чтение составьте по два вопроса к каждому из этих пунктов. Затем прочитайте тексты и попытайтесь найти ответы на свои вопросы.

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